Bicentennial Park | |
---|---|
Type | Urban park |
Location | Mexico City, Mexico |
Coordinates | 19°28′11″N99°11′49″W / 19.46972°N 99.19694°W |
Created | 2007 |
Open | 2010 |
Bicentennial Park (Spanish : Parque Bicentenario) is a park in Mexico City. It is located in the western part of the city, on the boundary of Azcapotzalco and Miguel Hidalgo. It was built as part of the Celebration of the Bicentennial of the Independence of Mexico and inaugurated by then President Felipe Calderón on November 7, 2010. This park is ten times larger than the Plaza de la Constitución in downtown Mexico City and the second largest "lung" in the city.
Admission to the park is free and hours are from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m.
The development proposal for this green area started in 1991 when the Azcapotzalco Refinery of Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex) was closed due to serious pollution problems that it created in its immediate vicinity and for the entire Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico. After more than ten years of abandonment, the land from the former refinery was ceded by Pemex to the Federal Government in 2007. That year, environmental remediation of the property began, which was led by the state, para-state, several public universities of Mexico as well as international advisors. Once the existing contaminants on the property were reduced, the landscape architecture work began, which was carried out by a multidisciplinary group headed by Mario Schjetnan, the visionary behind other green areas such as the Tezozomoc Park or the Xochimilco Ecological Park.
The park has an ecological facility inside which 7 different climates and representative vegetation types of the country are recreated, as well as an experimental chinampa, artificial lake, an orchid garden, an auditorium and various sports facilities. The works were carried out by the federal government company Fonatur Constructora, carrying out the last of the work in 2011.
On October 12, 2017, during the administration of Enrique Peña Nieto, Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (Semarnat) handed over the administration of the park to the Institute of Administration and Appraisals of National Assets (INDAABIN), who in turn handed over operations it to the private company Operator of Entertainment Projects (Operadora de Proyectos de Entretenimiento NLP) on March 1, 2018, for 25 years. [1] Semarnat argued that it did not have the budget for the maintenance of the park, but that it would continue to be publicly accessible. [2]
Neighborhood organizations and groups pointed out that the company has neglected the green areas of the park, since they profit from it to hold massive events and this "violates their right to a healthy environment, health and culture." [2]
Since the park management changed, access to the parking lot has a charge, some bathrooms are no longer open, the International Youth Book Fair is no longer held, the museum does not offer exhibitions, and the water treatment plant does not work. Likewise, it has been pointed out that the axolotls that had been introduced to the chinampa died. [2]
The park has 55 hectares, which have been divided into five gardens:
A few meters from its main entrance is the Refineria station on line 7 of the Mexico City metro. [3]
Azcapotzalco is a borough in Mexico City. Azcapotzalco is in the northwestern part of Mexico City.
Xochimilco is a borough of Mexico City. The borough is centered on the formerly independent city of Xochimilco, which was established on what was the southern shore of Lake Xochimilco in the precolonial period.
Tláhuac is a borough in the Mexico City, located in the southeastern edge of the entity. Though Tláhuac still contains rural communities within its borders, mostly in the southern and eastern portions, the borough has undergone a massive shift from urbanization, especially in its northwest. Tláhuac has experienced the fastest rate of population growth in Mexico City since the 1960s.
Minatitlán is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in the southeastern part of the state, in the Olmeca region, to the north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, along the Coatzacoalcos River.
Lake Texcoco was a natural lake within the Anahuac or Valley of Mexico. Lake Texcoco is best known for an island situated on the western side of the lake where the Mexica built the city of Mēxihco Tenōchtitlan, which would later become the capital of the Aztec Empire. After the Spanish conquest, efforts to control flooding led to most of the lake being drained.
Cuautitlán, is a municipality in the State of Mexico, just north of the northern tip of the Federal District within the Greater Mexico City urban area. The city of Cuautitlán is the municipal seat and makes up most of the municipality. The name comes from Nahuatl and means 'between the trees.'
Desierto de los LeonesNational Park is located entirely within the limits of Mexico City; it stretches between Cuajimalpa and Álvaro Obregón boroughs. It is located in the Sierra de las Cruces mountain range west of the city center with an area of 1,867 hectares, representing fifteen percent of the entire Valley of Mexico. The term Desierto (‘desert’) is used in this context in the archaic sense of “wild, sparsely populated area” rather than in reference to an arid environment. Leones (‘Lions’) refers not to the big cats but rather to the original landlord's surname.
Refinería is a station along Line 7 of the metro of Mexico City. The station is located close to the Pemex 18 de marzo refinery in the Colonia Ángel Zimbrón neighborhood of the Azcapotzalco borough northwest of the city center, between the stations of Camarones and Tacuba. Its logo represents three containers of the Pemex refinery.
The Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources is Mexico's environment ministry. Its head, the Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, is a member of the federal executive cabinet and is appointed by the President of Mexico. In September 2020, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador appointed María Luisa Albores González as Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, the third person to occupy the post since López Obrador became President less than two years earlier in December 2018.
In 2010, Mexico celebrated both the 200th anniversary of its Independence and 100th anniversary of its Revolution. The entire year was proclaimed by President Felipe Calderón as "Año de la Patria", or "Year of the Nation". 16 September 1810 is the day of the "Grito de Dolores" or Miguel Hidalgo's call to take up arms against the Spanish colonial government. The start of the Mexican Revolution is celebrated as being 20 November 1910, when Francisco "Pancho" Villa and Pascual Orozco led the first insurrectionist attack against the regime of Porfirio Díaz. Events and other promotions of these celebrations were designed to link of Mexico's identity and historic continuity. During a speech at the inauguration of the Casa de Allende Historic Museum, President Felipe Calderón called upon Mexico to use the upcoming anniversaries to reflect on where the country has been and to think about what kind of Mexico descendants will inherit in the future. He said the vision of the insurgents of the War of Independence was forward, not backward, so every celebration of these past events must consider the future as well.
El Tepeyac National Park is one of a number of federally recognized national parks in Mexico that are protected natural areas and administered by the federal National Commission of Protected Natural Areas (CONANP), a subsidiary of SEMARNAT. It is one of the few green areas located north of the Mexico City suburbs. 95% of its territory is located in Gustavo A. Madero, D.F. Borough and 5% in the municipality of Tlalnepantla de Baz.
Xochimilco Ecological Park and Plant Market is a natural reserve or park, with a 13-hectare (32-acre) plant market, the largest in Latin America. The park and market are located in the southern Mexico City borough of Xochimilco, about 23 km south of the historic center of the city. The park was designed by Mario Schjetnan. The park was inaugurated in 1993, on chinampas which had been previously declared as part of a World Heritage Site. However, the area's ecology was badly degraded, and the park was established in order to revitalize and preserve the ecosystem. Success has been mixed. While much of the wetlands have been recharged, pollution and illegal settlements in the area remain as threats. As the park needs to be self-sustaining economically, there are a number of ways that the park raises money. One of the best known of these is the Xochimilco or Cuemanco Plant Market, which rents stalls to ornamental plant producers/sellers near the main entrance of the park.
Emilio Ricardo Lozoya Austin is a Mexican economist and politician. He was the CEO of Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) from 2012 to 2016.
Mexico City Texcoco Airport was a planned airport in Mexico City that was meant to become Mexico's New International Airport. The project was announced in September 2014 but was canceled in late 2018 after a referendum was held stating that the new airport should be built at a different location due to how close it was to close housing, rising cost and a geographical issue with the site. Felipe Ángeles International Airport opened in March 2022.
El Chico National Park is a protected area in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. It is one of the oldest protected areas in Mexico, as its foundation dates to 1898 when the then president of the republic, General Porfirio Díaz, by decree, created "Monte Vedado del Mineral del Chico". Since this date, the ancient conifer forests have been protected from the deforestation suffered in other parts of the country. Another decree followed in 1915 and still another by Presidential Agreement on 13 September 1922, which declared Monte Vedado to be cataloged as a forest reservation.
The Bicentennial Lighthouse or Faro del Bicentenario is a lighthouse-like monument located in Sarmiento Park, Córdoba, Argentina. It stands 335 feet. The opening was attended by Cordoba Governor Juan Schiaretti who said that it was intended to serve as a city icon.
Kuwait and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1975. Both nations are members of the United Nations.
Rodolfo Lacy Tamayo, is an environmental engineer and a civil servant of México. Since April 2022 he was appointed Special Envoy on Climate Matters to the United Nations as Director for Climate Action and Environment for Latin America at the OECD.
The Bicentenario Park, is one of the largest parks of the city of Santiago, Chile. The park was designed by the Chilean architect Teodoro Fernández after winning the official design competition in 1998, and the first phase opened its doors in 2007.
The Bicentennial Park known also as Parque Bicentenario de Quito is a public green space in the city of Quito, capital of Ecuador. It is located in the north of the city, on the same land that belonged to the old airport of the city, flanked by Amazonas Avenue to the west, Galo Plaza and Real Audiencia to the east, and del Maestro to the north.