Bill Lee | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assistant United States Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division | |||||||||||
In office December 15, 1997 –January 20, 2001 Acting: December 15, 1997 – August 4, 2000 | |||||||||||
President | Bill Clinton | ||||||||||
Preceded by | Deval Patrick | ||||||||||
Succeeded by | Ralph Boyd | ||||||||||
Personal details | |||||||||||
Born | New York City,New York,U.S. | February 5,1949||||||||||
Political party | Democratic | ||||||||||
Spouse(s) | Carolyn Yee | ||||||||||
Children | 3 | ||||||||||
Education | Yale University (BA) Columbia University (JD) | ||||||||||
Chinese name | |||||||||||
Chinese | 李亮畴 [1] | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Bill Lann Lee (born February 5,1949) is an American civil rights attorney who served as Assistant United States Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division for the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division under President Bill Clinton. [2]
Lee was born in New York City to Chinese immigrant parents. [3] [2] Lee's father William had only a sixth grade education and circumvented the Chinese Exclusion Act by detouring through Canada to enter the U.S. [4] [5] He owned a hand laundromat in the Upper West Side of Manhattan and enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II at age 35;still,he experienced racism such as taunting or being rejected for housing and jobs. [3] [2] [4] [6] Lee graduated from the Bronx High School of Science and attended Yale University on a scholarship. As an undergraduate at Yale,Lee majored in history and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa,graduating magna cum laude in 1971. [3] In 1974,he earned his J.D. from Columbia Law School,where he was a Stone Scholar and won the Best Moot Court Prize. [3]
While a law student,Lee worked as a research assistant for Jack Greenberg,Thurgood Marshall's successor at the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (LDF). After graduating from law school,he returned to the Legal Defense Fund and worked there as a civil rights attorney until 1982. While still affiliated with LDF,from 1979 - 1980,Lee served as Counsel for the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund. He then moved to Los Angeles in 1983,where he was Supervising Attorney for Civil Rights Litigation at the Center for Law in the Public Interest until 1988. He then returned to the Legal Defense Fund to serve as the director of its Western Regional Office. [3]
In 1997,President Bill Clinton nominated Lee to the nation's highest civil rights post –Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights in the U.S. Department of Justice. His nomination,like Lani Guinier's before him,faced significant opposition from conservatives concerned with his views on affirmative action. Named by Clinton as acting assistant attorney general on December 15,1997,Lee had a formal recess appointment to the position on August 4,2000;he was never confirmed to this position by the Senate. [7] [8] Lee became the highest-ranking Asian-American in the Department of Justice,where he led successful efforts to strengthen the nation's hate crime laws,improve access and opportunities for Americans with disabilities,fight against housing discrimination,and spearheaded efforts to toughen laws against human trafficking and involuntary servitude. [3]
Serving until the end of the Clinton White House despite the Senate's refusal to confirm him,Lee returned to Columbia Law School as a visiting scholar and wrote a report on international human rights for the Ford Foundation. [3]
In November 2001,Lee accepted a position as a partner with the law firm of Lieff Cabraser,where he directed the firm's human rights practice and co-chaired the employment practice. [3] In 2006,Lee left Lieff Cabraser to become a name partner at Lewis Feinberg Lee Renaker &Jackson in Oakland,California. [9]
Continuing his civil rights work,Lee chaired the bipartisan National Commission on the Voting Rights Act,which compiled evidence for the successful extension of the Act in July 2006. He also chaired the Bar Association of San Francisco’s Task Force that produced a report on diversity in San Francisco law firms. [9] He chairs the board of Advancement Project and is senior counsel on Advancement's California civil rights office. [10]
Lee has written briefs in many U.S. Supreme Court cases and has presented oral arguments before seven U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal. He has been an active member of several professional organizations,including the Los Angeles County Bar,the Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference,the Southern California Chinese Lawyer Association,and the American Bar Association. [3]
He has received many honors for his outstanding career in civil rights law,including the Thurgood Marshall Medal of Justice (1998),the Trailblazer Award from the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association (1999),and the John Randolph Distinguished Service Award,U. S. Department of Justice (2001). He has also been awarded honorary doctorates in law from City University of New York Law School (2001),North Carolina Central University (2000),and Wesleyan University (1999). [3]
He is married to Carolyn Yee. They have three children,including Nick Lee,a staff member of the Organization of Chinese Americans. [4] [5] He currently resides in Berkeley,California.
Carol Lani Guinier was an American educator,legal scholar,and civil rights theorist. She was the Bennett Boskey Professor of Law at Harvard Law School,and the first woman of color appointed to a tenured professorship there. Before coming to Harvard in 1998,Guinier taught at the University of Pennsylvania Law School for ten years. Her scholarship covered the professional responsibilities of public lawyers,the relationship between democracy and the law,the role of race and gender in the political process,college admissions,and affirmative action. In 1993 President Bill Clinton nominated Guinier to be United States Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights,but withdrew the nomination.
Warren Minor Christopher was an American lawyer,diplomat and politician. During Bill Clinton's first term as president,he served as the 63rd United States Secretary of State.
The NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund,Inc. is a leading United States civil rights organization and law firm based in New York City.
Constance Baker Motley was an American jurist and politician,who served as a Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. A key strategist of the civil rights movement,she was state senator,and Borough President of Manhattan in New York City before becoming a United States federal judge. She obtained a role with the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund as a staff attorney in 1946 after receiving her law degree,and continued her work with the organization for more than twenty years. She was the first Black woman to argue at the Supreme Court and argued 10 landmark civil rights cases,winning nine. She was a law clerk to Thurgood Marshall,aiding him in the case Brown v. Board of Education. Motley was also the first African-American woman appointed to the federal judiciary,serving as a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Jack Greenberg was an American attorney and legal scholar. He was the Director-Counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund from 1961 to 1984,succeeding Thurgood Marshall.
Susan Clair Lee is a member of the Maryland State Senate. She was elected to the Maryland State Senate on November 4,2014 and had previously served in the Maryland House of Delegates since 2002.
Robert Lee Carter was an American lawyer,civil rights activist and a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Paul M. Igasaki was the Chair and Chief Judge of the Administrative Review Board at the U.S. Department of Labor. Previously he was the Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Equal Justice Works,a national organization that advances public interest law through fellowships,loan repayment programs,pro bono programs,conferences and other methods. Prior to joining Equal Justice Works,he was executive director of the Rights Working Group,a unique nationwide coalition of groups and individuals committed to ensuring liberty and justice for all.
Thelton Eugene Henderson is an inactive Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. He has played an important role in the field of civil rights as a lawyer,educator,and jurist.
In the United States,a legal defense fund is an account set up to pay for legal expenses,which can include attorneys' fees,court filings,litigation costs,legal advice,or other legal fees. The fund can be public or private and is set up for individuals,organizations,or for a particular purpose. These funds are often used by government public officials,civil rights organizations,and public interest organizations.
Thomas Edward Perez is an American politician and attorney who served as the Chair of the Democratic National Committee from February 2017 until January 2021. Perez was previously Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights (2009–2013) and United States Secretary of Labor (2013–2017). He was a GU Politics Fellow at the Georgetown Institute of Politics and Public Service in 2021.
Elaine R. Jones is an American civil rights attorney and activist. She joined the NAACP Legal Defense Fund (LDF) in 1970 and in 1993 became the organization's first female director-counsel and president.
John David Trasviña is a human rights attorney. He is the former dean of the University of San Francisco School of Law. Previous to that,he was assistant secretary of the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,president and general counsel of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF),and special counsel for Immigration Related Unfair Employment Practices at the U.S. Department of Justice. He was named principal legal advisor at U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in January 2021.
Jeffrey Laurence Bleich is an American lawyer and diplomat from California.
Raymond Joseph Lohier Jr. is a Canadian-born American lawyer and jurist who serves as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Formerly,he was an Assistant United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York and a Senior Trial Attorney in the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division. He was the chief of the securities and commodities fraud task force in the criminal division of the U.S. Attorney's office. He was recommended by New York Senator Charles Schumer for the nomination to the seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit that was vacated by Sonia Sotomayor when she was elevated to the Supreme Court of the United States. Lohier is the first Haitian-American to serve as an Article III Federal Judge and to be confirmed (unanimously) by the United States Senate as a Judge for the Second Circuit in New York.
Judith L. Lichtman is an American attorney specializing in women's rights and an advocate for human and civil rights. Lichtman currently serves as the senior advisor of the National Partnership for Women &Families. She is largely credited with the passage of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993.
Robert L. Lieff is a plaintiff's lawyer and the founder of Lieff Cabraser in San Francisco,New York City,and Nashville.
Eric Stefan Dreiband is an American lawyer. While a partner at Jones Day,he was nominated by President Donald Trump to serve as the United States Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division. The Senate confirmed his appointment on October 11,2018.
Lieff Cabraser is an American plaintiffs' law firm headquartered in San Francisco. The firm was founded in 1972 by Robert L. Lieff. Elizabeth Cabraser became a partner in 1981.