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Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United Kingdom and South Africa, a coal mine and its structures are a colliery, a coal mine is called a 'pit', and the above-ground structures are a 'pit head'. In Australia, "colliery" generally refers to an underground coal mine.
Metal production, in particular iron and steel industry, is the dominant heavy industry in Ukraine. Ukraine is the world's eighth largest producer and third largest exporter of iron and steel (2007). Ukrainian iron and steel industry accounts for around 2% of worldwide crude steel output, 5% to 6% of the national gross domestic product and 34% of Ukrainian export revenue. In 2007 it employed 420,000 people – 10% of industrial labor and 2% of the total workforce. It has the highest, by a wide margin, revealed comparative advantage of all branches of the Ukrainian economy. The industry peaked at 42.8 million tonnes in 2007 but has been gravely affected by the financial crisis of 2007–2010 and declined to 29.8 million tonnes in 2009.
The Almazna coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Almazna represents one of the largest coal reserve in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 73.1 million tonnes of coal. The annual coal production is around 712,000 tonnes.
The Bilytska coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Bilytska represents one of the largest coal reserve in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 68.2 million tonnes of coal. The annual coal production is around 427,000 tonnes.
The Dobropilska coal mine is in the south-east of Ukraine in Dobropillia, Donetsk Oblast. Dobropilska represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine, having estimated reserves of 58.6 million tonnes of coal. The annual coal production is around 1.2 million tonnes.
The Hlyboka coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Hlyboka represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 23.3 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 647,000 tonnes.
The Hirske coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Hirske, Luhansk Oblast. Hirske represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 46.5 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 320,000 tonnes.
The Kholodna Balka coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Kholodna Balka represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 51.3 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 523,000 tonnes.
The M. I. Kalinin coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast.
The Kirov coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Kirov represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 23.6 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 765,000 tonnes.
The Komsomolets of Donbas coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Komsomolets of Donbas represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 137.5 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 2.12 million tonnes.
The Pokrovs'ke coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Pokrovs'ke coal mine represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 79.5 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 3.49 million tonnes.
The Krasnolymanska coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Krasnolymanska represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 85.1 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 3.56 million tonnes.
The Molodohvardiiska coal mine is a large coal mine located in the southeast of Ukraine in Luhansk Oblast. Molodohvardiiska represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 63.6 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 712,000 tonnes.
The Kapitalna coal mine is a large coal mine in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Kapitalna is one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine, having estimated reserves of 139.7 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 1.85 million tonnes. The mine was built according to the project of Dondiproshakht, which was completed in 1964 and approved by the Supreme Council of National Economy of the USSR Council of Ministers of the USSR by Order No. 114-R of August 2, 1965.
The Pivdennodonbaska 1 coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Pivdennodonbaska 1 represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine, having estimated reserves of 69.3 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 1.2 million tonnes.
The Pivdennodonbaska 3 coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Pivdennodonbaska 3 represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 156.9 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 1.42 million tonnes.
The Zuivska coal mine is a large coal mine located in the south-east of Ukraine in Donetsk Oblast. Zuivska represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine having estimated reserves of 17.4 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 570,000 tonnes.
÷Some of the more notable coal companies in Australia are the following:
Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes, particularly in the North and South Hamgyong Province and Chagang Province. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base. Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.
References
- ↑ "Coal mine methane in Ukraine" (PDF). epa.gov. January 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-04-08. Retrieved 2010-12-29.
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