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Subdivisions of Ukraine |
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The administrative divisions of Ukraine (Ukrainian : Адміністративний устрій України, romanized: Administratyvnyi ustrii Ukrainy) are under the jurisdiction of the Ukrainian Constitution. Ukraine is a unitary state with three levels of administrative divisions: 27 regions (24 oblasts, two cities with special status and one autonomous republic), 136 raions (districts) and 1469 hromadas. [1] [2]
The administrative reform of July 2020 merged most of the 490 legacy raions and 118 pre-2020 cities of regional significance into 136 reorganized raions, or districts of Ukraine. The next level below raions are hromadas. [3]
Following the annexations of Crimea and southeastern Ukraine by the Russian Federation, Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol as well as portions of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts came under the de facto administration of the Russian Federation. Internationally, most states have not recognized the Russian claims. [4]
According to Article 133 of the Constitution of Ukraine as amended, the system of administrative and territorial organization of Ukraine consists of:
In the 2020 administrative reform of Ukraine , all populated places in the country (except for two cities with special status, Kyiv and Sevastopol) were resubordinated to raions. [6] The new figure of 136 raions includes 10 in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol; since September 2023, the Crimean raions are functional. [7]
Level of subdivision | Territory | Total |
---|---|---|
First | autonomous republic | 1 |
cities with special status | 2 | |
oblasts (regions) | 24 | |
Second | raions (districts) | 136 |
Third | hromadas (territorial communities) | 1469 |
There are three types of first-level administrative divisions: 24 oblasts (regions), 1 autonomous republic and 2 cities with special status.
Colour | Description |
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An oblast in Ukraine, sometimes translated as region or province, is the main type of first-level administrative division of the country. Ukraine is a unitary state, thus the oblasts do not have much legal scope of competence other than that which is established in the Ukrainian Constitution and by law. Articles 140–146 of Chapter XI of the constitution deal directly with local authorities and their competency. | |
The administrative status of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is recognized in the Ukrainian Constitution in Chapter X: Autonomous Republic of Crimea and is governed in accordance with laws passed by Ukraine's parliament. Following the 2014 Crimean crisis the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was illegally annexed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea. [8] | |
There are two cities with special status: Kyiv and Sevastopol (occupied since 2014). Their administrative status is recognized in the Ukrainian Constitution in Chapter IX: Territorial Structure of Ukraine. [9] Unlike the oblasts and the autonomous republic, the cities with special status only have urban districts and are not subdivided into hromadas. |
Flag | Coat of arms | No. | Name | Area (km2) | Population (2021 estimate) | Population density (people/km2, 2021) | Capital | No. of raions | No. of hromadas | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Autonomous Republic of Crimea | 26,081 | 1,967,259 | 75.43 | Simferopol | 10 | — | |||
2 | Vinnytsia Oblast | 26,513 | 1,529,123 | 57.67 | Vinnytsia | 6 | 63 | |||
3 | Volyn Oblast | 20,144 | 1,027,397 | 51.00 | Lutsk | 4 | 54 | |||
4 | Dnipropetrovsk Oblast | 31,974 | 3,142,035 | 98.27 | Dnipro | 7 | 86 | |||
5 | Donetsk Oblast | 26,517 | 4,100,280 | 154.63 | Donetsk (de jure) Kramatorsk (de facto) | 8 | 66 | |||
6 | Zhytomyr Oblast | 29,832 | 1,195,495 | 40.07 | Zhytomyr | 4 | 65 | |||
7 | Zakarpattia Oblast | 12,777 | 1,250,129 | 97.84 | Uzhhorod | 6 | 64 | |||
8 | Zaporizhzhia Oblast | 27,180 | 1,666,515 | 61.31 | Zaporizhzhia | 5 | 67 | |||
9 | Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast | 13,928 | 1,361,109 | 97.72 | Ivano-Frankivsk | 6 | 62 | |||
10 | Kyiv Oblast | 28,131 | 1,788,530 | 63.58 | Kyiv | 7 | 69 | |||
11 | Kirovohrad Oblast | 24,588 | 920,128 | 37.42 | Kropyvnytskyi | 4 | 49 | |||
12 | Luhansk Oblast | 26,684 | 2,121,322 | 79.50 | Luhansk (de jure) Sievierodonetsk (de facto, 2014–2022) | 8 | 37 | |||
13 | Lviv Oblast | 21,833 | 2,497,750 | 114.40 | Lviv | 7 | 73 | |||
14 | Mykolaiv Oblast | 24,598 | 1,108,394 | 45.06 | Mykolaiv | 4 | 52 | |||
15 | Odesa Oblast | 33,310 | 2,368,107 | 71.09 | Odesa | 7 | 91 | |||
16 | Poltava Oblast | 28,748 | 1,371,529 | 47.71 | Poltava | 4 | 60 | |||
17 | Rivne Oblast | 20,047 | 1,148,456 | 57.29 | Rivne | 4 | 64 | |||
18 | Sumy Oblast | 23,834 | 1,053,452 | 44.20 | Sumy | 5 | 51 | |||
19 | Ternopil Oblast | 13,823 | 1,030,562 | 74.55 | Ternopil | 3 | 55 | |||
20 | Kharkiv Oblast | 31,415 | 2,633,834 | 83.84 | Kharkiv | 7 | 56 | |||
21 | Kherson Oblast | 28,461 | 1,016,707 | 35.72 | Kherson | 5 | 49 | |||
22 | Khmelnytskyi Oblast | 20,645 | 1,243,787 | 60.25 | Khmelnytskyi | 3 | 60 | |||
23 | Cherkasy Oblast | 20,900 | 1,178,266 | 56.38 | Cherkasy | 4 | 66 | |||
24 | Chernivtsi Oblast | 8,097 | 896,566 | 110.73 | Chernivtsi | 3 | 52 | |||
25 | Chernihiv Oblast | 31,865 | 976,701 | 30.65 | Chernihiv | 5 | 57 | |||
26 | Kyiv | 839 | 2,962,180 | 3530.61 | Kyiv | 10 | — | |||
27 | Sevastopol | 864 | 385,870 | 446.61 | Sevastopol | 4 | — |
The Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian : Автоно́мна Респу́бліка Крим) geographically encompasses the major portion of the Crimean peninsula in southern Ukraine. Its capital is Simferopol. The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is the only region within Ukraine that has its own constitution.
On 16 March 2014, after the occupation of Crimea by the Russian military, a referendum on joining the Russian Federation was held. A majority of votes supported the measure. On 21 March 2014, the Russian Duma voted to annex Crimea as a subject into the Russian Federation. The Ukrainian government does not recognize the referendum or annexation of Crimea as legitimate. On 27 March, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 68/262 by 100 to 11 votes, recognizing the referendum as invalid and denying any legal change in the status of Crimea and Sevastopol.
An oblast (Ukrainian : о́бласть; pl. о́бласті) is on the first level of the administrative division of Ukraine.
Most oblasts are named after their administrative center. Volyn and Zakarpattia, whose respective capitals are Lutsk and Uzhhorod, are named after the historic regions Volhynia and Transcarpathia.
Two cities have special status (Ukrainian : міста́ зі спеціа́льним ста́тусом): Kyiv and Sevastopol. Their special status puts them on the same administrative level as the oblasts, and thus under the direct supervision of the state via their respective local state administrations, which constitute the executive bodies of the cities. Following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Sevastopol is controlled by Russia and is incorporated as a federal subject of Russia. [10] [11]
Raions (Ukrainian : райо́н; pl. райо́ни) are smaller territorial units of subdivision in Ukraine. There are 136 raions. [12] Following the December 2019 draft constitutional changes submitted to the Verkhovna Rada by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, 136 new raions have replaced the former 490 raions of Ukraine. [13]
An urban district is subordinate to the city administration. [14]
The territorial hromadas (Ukrainian : територіа́льна грома́да; lit. 'territorial community'), or simlply hromadas (Ukrainian : грома́да) were established by the Government of Ukraine on 12 June 2020 as a part of administrative reform that started in 2015. [15]
There are three types of hromadas: rural (Ukrainian : сільська́ грома́да), settlement (Ukrainian : се́лищна грома́да) and urban (Ukrainian : міська́ грома́да). There are 1469 hromadas in total (as of November 1, 2023). [16]
The Cossack Hetmanate was divided into military-administrative districts known as regimental districts (polks) whose number fluctuated with the size of the Hetmanate's territory. In 1649, when the Hetmanate controlled both the right and left banks, it included 16 such districts. After the loss of Right-bank Ukraine, this number was reduced to ten. The regimental districts were further divided into companies ( sotnias ), which were administered by captains ( sotnyk ). [17] The lowest division was the kurin.
According to the Constitution of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the country was divided into zemlias (lands), volosts and hromadas (communities). This law was not fully implemented as on 29 April 1918 there was the anti-socialist coup in Kyiv, after which Pavlo Skoropadskyi reverted the reform back to the governorate-type administration. [18]
Before the introduction of oblasts in 1932, Soviet Ukraine comprised 40 okruhas, which had replaced the former Russian Imperial governorate subdivisions. [19] [20]
In 1932 the territory of the Soviet Ukraine was re-established based on oblasts. At the same time, most of the Western Ukraine at the time formed part of the Second Polish Republic and shared in the Polish form of administrative division based on voivodeships. [21]
Krasnoperekopsk or Yany Kapu is a town in Crimea. Following the 2014 annexation of Crimea, it was incorporated into Russia's Republic of Crimea. However, a majority of countries recognises the territory as part of Ukraine within the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. It is the administrative center of Krasnoperekopsk Raion. Administratively is not a part of the raion (district) and is incorporated separately as a town of regional significance. Population: 26,268 .
A raion, often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.
The Saky City Municipality is one of the 25 regions of the Crimean Peninsula, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but currently occupied by Russia. The region is located on the western coast of Crimea on the Black Sea's shore. Its administrative centre is the city of Saky. In 2014, the population stood at 25,146.
Bila Tserkva Raion is a raion (district) in Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Bila Tserkva. Population: 431,172 .
A hromada is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukraine on 12 June 2020. Similar terms exist in Poland (gromada) and in Belarus (hramada). The literal translation of this term is "community", similar to the terms used in western European states, such as Germany (Gemeinde), France (commune), Italy (comune), and Portugal (freguesia), or in several English-speaking countries (township).
Tomakivka is a rural settlement in Nikopol Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern Ukraine. It is located on confluence of Tomakivka and Kyslichuvata rivers. Tomakivka hosts the administration of Tomakivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 6,559.
Katerynopil is a rural settlement in Zvenyhorodka Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Katerynopil settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 5,243.
Kalynivka is a rural settlement in Fastiv Raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast (region) in northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kalynivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population was 5,704 as of 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 5,166 .
Kodra is a rural settlement in Bucha Raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. It belongs to Makariv settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population was 1,756 at the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population: 1,368 .
Kozhanka is a rural settlement in Fastiv Raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kozhanka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Kozhanka's population was 2,697 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 1,907.
Koropets is an urban-type settlement in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Koropets was first founded in 1421, and it acquired the status of an urban-type settlement in 1984. Koropets hosts the administration of Koropets settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,008.
A city with special status, formerly a "city of republican subordinance", is a type of first-level administrative division of Ukraine. Kyiv and Sevastopol are the only two such cities. Their administrative status is recognized in the Ukrainian Constitution in Chapter IX: Territorial Structure of Ukraine and they are governed in accordance with laws passed by Ukraine's parliament, the Verkhovna Rada. Most of Ukraine's 27 first-level administrative divisions are oblasts (regions).
An urban district or urban raion is the second-level administrative division in certain cities in Ukraine. An urban district is subordinate to a city's administration. There are 118 districts in 20 cities across Ukraine. The cities that contain districts are mostly administrative centers in addition to the two cities with special status. The number of city districts per region varies between a minimum of two and a high of 21 in Donetsk Oblast. The maximum districts for a single city in the country is Kyiv, which has 10 districts.
Zakupne is a rural settlement in Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zakupne settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement's population was 1,452 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 1,360.
The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is an administrative division of Ukraine encompassing most of Crimea that was annexed by Russia in 2014. The Autonomous Republic of Crimea occupies most of the peninsula, while the City of Sevastopol occupies the rest.
The Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine are areas of Ukraine that are currently controlled by Russia in the course of the Russo-Ukrainian War. In Ukrainian law, they are defined as the "temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine".
Glanyshiv is a Ukrainian village in Boryspil Raion, Kyiv Oblast. It belongs to Pereiaslav urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. As of 2001, it had a population of 855.
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 9th convocation is the current convocation of the legislative branch of the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's unicameral parliament. The 9th convocation meets at the Verkhovna Rada building in Kyiv, having begun its term on 29 August 2019 following the last session of the 8th Verkhovna Rada.
Ukraine's 5th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the city of Kerch, and the part of Lenine Raion east of the city of Lenine itself. The constituency is home to 143,545 registered voters, and has 98 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.