The Talamancan montane forests ecoregion, in the tropical moist broadleaf forest biome, are in montane Costa Rica and western Panama in Central America.
The Costa Rican páramo, also known as the Talamanca páramo, is a natural region of montane grassland and shrubland of Costa Rica and western Panama.
Bothriechis nigroviridis is a venomous pit viper species found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. No subspecies are currently recognized. The specific name is derived from the Latin niger (black) and viridis (green) in reference to its distinctive color pattern.
Isthmohyla lancasteri is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to humid premontane slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica and western Panama.
Craugastor andi is a species of rain frog in the family Craugastoridae which has not been seen since 1990. It is found in the Caribbean drainage of Costa Rica in the mountains and hills of the Cordillera Central and the far northeastern Cordillera de Talamanca, and in extreme northwestern Panama. Frank and Ramus (1995) give it the vernacular name Atlantic robber frog. It is known locally in Spanish by the generic names, used for many species, of rana de hojarasca, ranita or sapito.
Bolitoglossa is a genus of lungless salamanders, also called mushroom-tongued salamanders, tropical climbing salamanders, or web-footed salamanders, in the family Plethodontidae. Their range is between northern Mexico through Central America to Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, northeastern Brazil, and central Bolivia. Neotropical salamanders of the Bolitoglossa make up the largest genus in the order Caudata, consisting of approximately one-fifth of all known species of salamanders. Adult salamanders range anywhere from 45mm to 200mm in length depending on their specific species. They are notorious for their ability to project their tongue at prey items, as indicated from their name. They are also known for their webbed feet, having significantly more webbing than any other species outside their genus with the exception of the cave-dwelling Mexican bolitoglossine Chiropterotriton magnipes. Although webbed feet are a common characteristic of these salamanders, only about half of the species in this genus contain webbed feet.
The Guaramacal salamander, also known as the holy-mountain salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela. The Venezuelan specimen first reported as Bolitoglossa savagei likely represents this species. The species is named after its type locality, Guaramacal in the Trujillo.
The crater salamander, also known as the marbled crater salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical, high-altitude moist montane forests. It has a small area of distribution and is threatened by habitat loss therein.
The Cordillera Central salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.
Bolitoglossa pesrubra is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica.
The Cordillera Talamanca salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in Costa Rica and possibly Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Nototriton picadoi, commonly known as La Estrella salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica.
Nototriton tapanti, commonly known as the Tapanti moss salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica.
Oedipina altura, commonly known as Cartago worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica.
Oedipina paucidentata, commonly known as the El Empalme worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica.
Oedipina poelzi, commonly known as the quarry worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica and found in the Cordillera de Tilarán, Cordillera Central, and Cordillera de Talamanca.
The La Amistad International Park, or in Spanish Parque Internacional La Amistad, formerly the La Amistad National Park, is a transboundary protected area in Latin America, management of which is shared between Costa Rica and Panama, following a recommendation by UNESCO after the park's inclusion in the World Heritage Site list in 1983. The park and surrounding biosphere reserve is one of the most outstanding conservation areas in Central America, preserving a major tract of tropical forest wilderness. It is world-renowned for its extraordinary biodiversity and endemism.
Brame's climbing salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama, particularly the Pacific and Atlantic slopes of Cordillera de Talamanca and ranging to Cerro Pando, Chiriquí Province and Volcán Barú. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and has been recorded between 1,900 and 2,300 meters above sea level. It has not been commonly recorded so nothing is known about its population. No threats are known and its habitat is currently under protection by Las Tablas protected area and Reserva de la Biósfera de La Amistad.
The Chiriquí fire salamander, known as "Salamandra de fuego chiricana" in native Spanish, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found exclusively in Panama and is endemic to the western highlands of Chiriquí Province. Like many Central American endemic species, it is threatened by habitat loss.
