| Bolitoglossa centenorum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Plethodontidae |
| Genus: | Bolitoglossa |
| Species: | B. centenorum |
| Binomial name | |
| Bolitoglossa centenorum Campbell et al., 2010 | |
Bolitoglossa centenorum is a lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to Guatemala. [1]
This little salamander is about 6 cm (2.4 in) in snout–vent length. It has more slender and more elongated limbs and toes than B. rostrata , with which it was formerly confused. Bolitoglossa centenorum sports a dark dorsal stripe bordered by two narrow yellow dorsolateral stripes from the back of the eye to the hind limb. The ventral parts are moderately pigmented dark. Webbing is almost totally absent between the toes. [2]
Bolitglossa centenorum is known only from the type locality near San Mateo Ixtatán in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes. [1] Individuals of the type series were collected from under rotting logs. [3]
Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by their lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All ten extant salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela from the group Caudata. Urodela is a scientific Latin term based on the Ancient Greek οὐρά δήλη: ourà dēlē "conspicuous tail". Caudata is the Latin for "tailed ones", from cauda: "tail".
The long-toed salamander is a mole salamander in the family Ambystomatidae. This species, typically 4.1–8.9 cm (1.6–3.5 in) long when mature, is characterized by its mottled black, brown, and yellow pigmentation, and its long outer fourth toe on the hind limbs. Analysis of fossil records, genetics, and biogeography suggest A. macrodactylum and A. laterale are descended from a common ancestor that gained access to the western Cordillera with the loss of the mid-continental seaway toward the Paleocene.
Bolitoglossa is a genus of lungless salamanders, also called mushroom-tongued salamanders, tropical climbing salamanders, or web-footed salamanders, in the family Plethodontidae. Their range is between northern Mexico through Central America to Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, northeastern Brazil, and central Bolivia. Neotropical salamanders of the Bolitoglossa make up the largest genus in the order Caudata, consisting of approximately one-fifth of all known species of salamanders. Adult salamanders range anywhere from 45mm to 200mm in length depending on their specific species. They are notorious for their ability to project their tongue at prey items, as indicated from their name. They are also known for their webbed feet, having significantly more webbing than any other species outside their genus with the exception of the cave-dwelling Mexican bolitoglossine Chiropterotriton magnipes. Although webbed feet are a common characteristic of these salamanders, only about half of the species in this genus contain webbed feet.
Bolitoglossa borburata is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is also known as the Carabobo mushroomtongue.
Bolitoglossa engelhardti is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the extreme south-eastern Chiapas, Mexico, and eastward along the Pacific versant to Volcán Atitlán in south-western Guatemala. It is named for Teodoro Engelhardt, Guatemalan plantation owner who entertained Karl Patterson Schmidt and his expedition. Its common names include Engelhardt's salamander, Engelhardt's mushroomtongue salamander, and Engelhardt's climbing salamander.
Jackson's climbing salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Guatemala. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. The salamander is among the 25 "most wanted lost" species that are the focus of Global Wildlife Conservation's "Search for Lost Species" initiative, as it had not been seen since 1975. It was rediscovered in 2017 at an amphibian reserve in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes.
Lozano's salamander or the Rioi La Miel mushroomtongue salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Colombia.
Bolitoglossa porrasorum is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the mountains of north-central Honduras. Common name Pijol salamander has been proposed for this species in reference to its type locality, Pico Pijol. The specific name porrasorum honors of Jorge Porras Ziuniga and Jorge Porras Orellana, father and son, who provided friendship and assistance to the describers of this species.
The northern banana salamander, also known as common dwarf salamander or rufescent salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the Atlantic slopes of Meso-America from San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, and northern Chiapas in Mexico continuing on to the southern part of Guatemala, Belize, and northern Honduras. However, its range south of Mexico is uncertain because the records may refer to other species.
Cryptotriton monzoni is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Guatemala and known only from near its type locality, Cerro del Mono near La Unión, Zacapa Department. The specific name monzoni honors José Monzón, a Guatemalan entomologist who helped the authors with the fieldwork. Common name Monzon's hidden salamander has been coined for it.
The Del Norte salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the United States in southwestern Oregon and northwestern California.
Sarcohyla miahuatlanensis, or the Sierra Miahuatlan spikethumb frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and only known from its type locality near Candelaria Loxicha on the Sierra de Miahuatlán in Oaxaca.
Bolitoglossa nussbaumi is a lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to Guatemala.
Bolitoglossa nympha is a lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to Guatemala.
Bolitoglossa psephena is a lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Guatemala and only known from its type locality, Finca Santa Elena near Chimaltenango. The specific name is derived from the Greek psephena, meaning dark or obscure, and refers to the uniformly dark coloration of this small salamander.
Bolitoglossa cataguana, also known as the Cataguana salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Honduras and known from near Cataguana in the Marale municipality, Francisco Morazán Department.
The Zacapa salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Guatemala.
Isthmura is a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. They are endemic to Mexico. The genus, which corresponds to the former "Pseudoeurycea bellii species group" and was first described as a subgenus of Pseudoeurycea, was raised to full generic level in 2015 in order to preserve Ixalotriton and Bolitoglossa while avoiding paraphyly of Pseudoeurycea.
Bolitoglossa aurae, commonly known as Aura's golden salamander, is a lungless salamander found in the rainforests of Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica. This species is part of the Bolitoglossa genus, commonly known as mushroom-tongued salamanders.
