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Jonglei State is a state of South Sudan with Bor as its centre of government and the biggest city. Jonglei state comprises nine counties: Bor, Akobo, Ayod, Uror, Duk, Nyirol, Pigi, Twic East, and Fangak. Jonglei State is the largest state by area before reorganisation, with an area of approximately 122,581 km2, as well as the most populous according to the 2008 census conducted in present-day South Sudan's second period of autonomy. The boundaries of the state were again changed as a result of a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020.
Bor is a historic city in the Bor County of Jonglei State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, being the epicenter of national liberation revolution with multiple landmarks that tells the story. In Malual-Chaat barrack, statues of liberators and destroyed weapons are conserved and exhibited at historical heritage site. It has also served as the headquarters of Jonglei state. The city is situated on the east side of the White Nile at the southern extent of the sudd, South Sudan's vast central wetlands.
The SPLA-Nasir was a splinter faction of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), a rebel group that fought in the Second Sudanese Civil War. Originally created as an attempt by the Nuer tribe to replace SPLA leader John Garang in August 1991, it gradually became coopted by the government. The break away of Riek Machar from SPLM/A resulted in Nuer ethnic group massacring Garang's ethnic Dinka from Bor in the Bor massacre in 1991. This split resulted in the 1994 National Convention of New Sudan in Chukudum.
Lith Payam, also known as Jieng Lith Payam, is a Dinka community located in Jonglei State in South Sudan. Lith Payam borders on Kongor Payam, Pibor County, Duk County, and the White Nile. Lith Payam headquarters is located at Wernyol City.
Ayod County {Formerly known as Yod locally } is an administrative area in Jonglei State, South Sudan, with headquarters in Ayod. Its inhabited by Gawaar Nuer categorically divided into two sections e.g Baar and Nyang then which are further consists of major clans of Chieng- Kapel, Bhaang,Jamuogh, Chieng -Thony, Chieng - Nyadakuon, Jithiep, Chieng-Pear, and Chieng-Nyaiguak. In the January 2011 referendum the results were unanimously in favor of independence from Sudan.
Kongor is a community in Jonglei state, South Sudan. It was earlier in Kongor Payam in Twic East County.
Ethnic violence in South Sudan has a long history among South Sudan's varied ethnic groups. South Sudan has 64 tribes with the largest being the Dinka, who constitute about 35% of the population and predominate in government. The second largest are the Nuers. Conflict is often aggravated among nomadic groups over the issue of cattle and grazing land and is part of the wider Sudanese nomadic conflicts.
The Nuer White Army, sometimes decapitalised as the "white army", is a semi-official name for a militant organisation formed by the Nuer people of central and eastern Greater Upper Nile in modern-day South Sudan as early as 1991. According to the Small Arms Survey, it arose from the 1991 schism within the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) for the dual purpose of defending Nuer cattle herds from neighbouring groups and fighting in the Second Sudanese Civil War between the SPLM/A and the Sudanese government.
The Angakuei community belong to the people are members of the clan from Baidit Payam, Jonglei, South Sudan. The word Angakuei originates from the word Kuei, which means eagle. Abel Alier, the first South Sudanese to become the first vice President of The Sudan and the first president of the High Executive Council of Southern Sudan, is from the Angakuei clan. The name Alier originates from Lirpiou a deity that was worshipped by Angakueth and their brothers, Gwallɛi who are currently in Kolnyang Payam of Bor County.
Kolnyang is a Payam in Bor County, in Jonglei State, South Sudan. It is situated on the east side of the Bahr al Jabal River, to the south of Bor, South Sudan. Kolnyang’s Malual-Chaat was where the liberation revolution that led to South Sudan independence started. Both 105 Battalion commander Alier NhialMangardit and the first fallen hero of revolt Maker Jool were from Kolnyang. Kolnyang Payam is Bor county’s southernmost payam, bordering Central Equatoria State to southwest, Pibor Administrative Area to the east, Lake State to the west and Eastern Equatoria State to the southeast.
Baidit is a Payam in Bor West County, in Jonglei State, South Sudan. It is situated on the east side of the Bahr al Jabal River a short distance north of Bor, South Sudan. Baidit is the county headquarters for Bor West County.
Anyidi is a Payam in Bor East County, in Jonglei State, South Sudan. It is situated to the east of Bor, the capital of Jonglei State, on the road connecting Bor and Pibor, in Boma State.
Makuach is a Payam in the Bor County of Jonglei State in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. It is situated on the east side of the Bahr al Jabal River. Bor town borders Makuach to the west, Baidit Payam to the north, and Anyidi Payam to the south.
Kapat is a boma in Makuach payam, in the Bor County of Jonglei State in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, about 10 kilometers east of Bor.
Konbek is a boma in Makuach payam, in the Bor County of Jonglei State in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, about 15 kilometers east of Bor.
Makuach village is a boma in Makuach payam, in the Bor County of Jonglei State in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, about 15 kilometers east of Bor.
Werkok is a boma in Makuach payam, in the Bor County of Jonglei State in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, about 13 kilometers north-east of Bor. From 2016 to 2020, it served as the county headquarters for Bor Central County.
Jalle is a Payam in Bor North County, in Jonglei State, South Sudan. It is situated on the east side of the Bahr al Jabal River between Bor and Twic East.
Anuet payam is an independent payam situated at Bor South County in Jonglei State within South Sudan. Previously, Anuet village used to fall under Pariak boma in former Kolnyang payam.
In January 2022, armed Murle militias attacked Bor Dinka villages in Jonglei State, South Sudan, killing dozens of people.
References
- ↑ "South Sudan: States and counties". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
- ↑ Willis, Charles Armine (1995). Johnson, Douglas H. (ed.). The Upper Nile Province handbook: a report on peoples and government in the Southern Sudan, 1931. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0197261469.
- 1 2 Johnson, Douglas H. (1982). "Tribal Boundaries and Border Wars: Nuer–Dinka Relations in the Sobat and Zaraf Valleys, c. 1860–1976". The Journal of African History. 23 (2): 183. doi:10.1017/S0021853700020521.
- ↑ Winrock International & United Nations Development Program (UNDP) (2011). Annex IV BRIDGE Winrock Q1 Report FY 2012 – Bor County Profile (PDF) (Report). USAID.
- ↑ Sudan (1912). Reports on the Finance, Administration, and Condition of the Sudan. F. Nimr.
- ↑ "Captain J. Liddell's Journeys in the White Nile Region". The Geographical Journal. 24 (6): 651–655. 1904. doi:10.2307/1776256. ISSN 0016-7398.
- ↑ Michael, Vuziga (2017-11-12). "Baidit Payam of Bor County". Starview publication.com. p. 32.
- ↑ Allan, Tony (2012). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. Routledge. p. 451. ISBN 1857436695.
- ↑ Mading, Juuk Othana (3 May 2016). "Governor Establishes Additional Counties In Jonglei". Gurtong. Bor, South Sudan. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
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