Boronia purdieana

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Winter boronia
Boronia purdieana.jpg
Boronia purdieana subsp. purdieana in the Australian National Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
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Species:
B. purdieana
Binomial name
Boronia purdieana
Boronia purdieana DistMap96.png
Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium

Boronia purdieana is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves and yellow, four-petalled flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

Family is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy; it is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as being the "walnut family".

Rutaceae family of plants

The Rutaceae are a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Endemism Ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location or habitat

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution. An alternative term for a species that is endemic is precinctive, which applies to species that are restricted to a defined geographical area.

Contents

Description

Boronia purdieana is a shrub that grows to a height of 0.3–1.5 m (1–5 ft) with its young stems covered with long, soft leaves. The leaves are 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long and have five, seven or nine leaflets. The leaflets are linear to narrow oblong or wedge-shaped and 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long. The flowers are yellow, occasionally red and are arranged singly in leaf axils, each flower on a thin pedicel 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long. The four sepals are egg-shaped and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.12 in) long. The four petals are broadly egg-shaped 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long with a rounded end. The four stamens near the sepals have warty filaments and vestigial anthers, whilst the four near the petals have smooth filaments and fertile, reddish brown anthers. Flowering occurs from May to October. [2] [3]

Pedicel (botany) A structure connecting flowers or fruit to the main stem of a plant

A pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence.

Sepal part of a calyx

A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms. Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. The term sepalum was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived from the Greek σκέπη, a covering.

Petal Part of most types of flower

Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals, that collectively form the calyx and lie just beneath the corolla. The calyx and the corolla together make up the perianth. When the petals and sepals of a flower are difficult to distinguish, they are collectively called tepals. Examples of plants in which the term tepal is appropriate include genera such as Aloe and Tulipa. Conversely, genera such as Rosa and Phaseolus have well-distinguished sepals and petals. When the undifferentiated tepals resemble petals, they are referred to as "petaloid", as in petaloid monocots, orders of monocots with brightly coloured tepals. Since they include Liliales, an alternative name is lilioid monocots.

Taxonomy and naming

Boronia purdieana was first formally described in 1904 by Ludwig Diels and the description was published in Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie . [1] [4] The specific epithet (purdieana) honours Alexander Purdie. [5]

Ludwig Diels German botanist

Dr. Friedrich Ludwig Emil Diels, was a German botanist.

Botanical nomenclature is the formal, scientific naming of plants. It is related to, but distinct from taxonomy. Plant taxonomy is concerned with grouping and classifying plants; botanical nomenclature then provides names for the results of this process. The starting point for modern botanical nomenclature is Linnaeus' Species Plantarum of 1753. Botanical nomenclature is governed by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), which replaces the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Fossil plants are also covered by the code of nomenclature.

Alexander Callender Purdie was a New Zealand naturalist and botanist.

Two subspecies were described in 1998:

Distribution and habitat

Winter boronia grows in swampy areas and on coastal plains and rock outcrops. Subspecies purdieana is found near the west coast between the northern suburbs of Perth and Shark Bay with a disjunct population near Leonora. Subspecies calcicola occurs between Kalbarri National Park and Shark Bay. [7] [8] [10]

Perth City in Western Australia

Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia (WA). It is named after the city of Perth, Scotland and is the fourth-most populous city in Australia, with a population of 2.06 million living in Greater Perth. Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with the majority of the metropolitan area located on the Swan Coastal Plain, a narrow strip between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The first areas settled were on the Swan River at Guildford, with the city's central business district and port (Fremantle) both later founded downriver.

Shark Bay bay of the Indian Ocean in Western Australia, designated as a world heritage area

Shark Bay is a World Heritage Site in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. The 2,200,902-hectare (5,438,550-acre) area is located approximately 800 kilometres (500 mi) north of Perth, on the westernmost point of the Australian continent. UNESCO's official listing of Shark Bay as a World Heritage Site reads:

Disjunct distribution Ecology

In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically. The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a species range.

Conservation

Both subspecies of Boronia purdieana are classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [8] [10]

Department of Parks and Wildlife (Western Australia) department of the Government of Western Australia

The Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) was the department of the Government of Western Australia responsible for managing lands described in the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 and implementing the state's conservation and environment legislation and regulations. The minister responsible for the department was the Minister for the Environment.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Boronia purdieana". APNI. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  2. Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y. "Boronia purdieana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  3. "Boronia purdieana". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  4. Diels, Ludwig; Pritzel, Ernst (1904). "Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae occidentalis. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Pflanzen Westaustraliens, ihrer Verbreitung und ihrer Lebensverhaltnisse". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. 35 (2): 318. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  5. "Purdie, Alexander (1859 - 1905)". Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  6. "Boronia purdieana subsp. purdieana". APNI. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  7. 1 2 3 Wilson, Paul G. (1998). "New names and new tax in the genus Boronia (Rutaceae) from Western Australia with notes on seed characters". Nuytsia. 12 (1): 128–129. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  8. 1 2 3 "Boronia purdieana subsp. purdieana". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  9. "Boronia purdieana subsp. calcicola". APNI. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  10. 1 2 3 "Boronia purdieana subsp. calcicola". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.