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Halomonas titanicae is a gram-negative, halophilic species of proteobacteria which was discovered on rusticles recovered from the wreck of the RMS Titanic. Cristina Sánchez-Porro et al. first isolated the bacterium in 2010 from a sample of rusticle obtained from the RMS Titanic in 1991. One of the researchers, Henrietta Mann has estimated that the action of microbes like Halomonas titanicae may bring about the total deterioration of the Titanic by 2030. While the bacteria have been identified as a potential danger to oil rigs and other man-made objects in the deep sea, it also has the potential to be used in bioremediation to accelerate the decomposition of shipwrecks littering the ocean floor.
Bacillus fastidiosus is an aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium that has been isolated from soil and poultry litter. The species was first isolated and described by the scientist Den Dooren de Jong in 1929. This organism is a mesophile that contains ellipsoidal spores that do not cause swelling of the sporangia. Bacillus fastidiosus is only able to grow in the presence of uric acid, allantoin, or allantoic acid.
Arthrobacter stackebrandtii is a bacterium species from the genus of Arthrobacter which has been isolated from a poultry litter in the Netherlands.
Brachybacterium is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile bacteria. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. The genus name comes from Greek word brachy, meaning short, and Latin bacterium, meaning rods, referencing the short rods noted during the exponential phase.
Brachybacterium alimentarium is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the surfaces of Beaufort and Gruyère cheeses in 1978. Further work led to the proposal of the new species in 1996, and the name is derived from the Latin alimentanium.
Brachybacterium tyrofermentans is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the surfaces of Beaufort and Gruyère cheeses in 1978, along with Brachybacterium alimentarium. Further work led to the proposal of the new species in 1996, and the name is derived from the Latin tyros (cheese) and fermentans (leavening), referring to the fermented cheese from which it was first isolated.
Brachybacterium aquaticum is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from a seawater sample collected from the coastal region of Kovalam, India off the Indian Ocean. The name is derived from Latin aquaticum.
Brachybacterium conglomeratum is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, whitish yellow to pale brown pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. The species was originally classified as Micrococcus conglomeratus for over 60 years, until most species were reclassified as Brachybacterium conglomeratum in 1995. The name is derived from Latin conglomeratum.
Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, pale brown pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. The species was identified when a strain of Brachybacterium faecium was found to be a different species of Brachybacterium. The name is derived from Latin para and conglomeratum. B. paraconglomeratum resembles Brachybacterium conglomeratum phenotypically, and but are separate species based on DNA–DNA hybridization. B. paraconglomeratum and B. conglomeratum were first proposed as species in the same paper in 1995, along with B. rhamnosum.
Brachybacterium rhamnosum is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, whitish yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from corn steep liquor, and the species was proposed in 1995 along with Brachybacterium conglomeratum and B. paraconglomeratum. The name is derived from the fact that there is an abundance of the sugar rhamnose in the cell wall.
Brachybacterium fresconis is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, cream-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from a medieval wall painting of the chapel of Schloss Herberstein in Styria, Austria. The species was proposed in 2014, and the name is derived from the fact it was first isolated from a fresco.
Brachybacterium ginsengisoli is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, opaque bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from soil in a ginseng field in Yeoncheon County, South Korea. The species was first described in 2014, and the name is derived from the Latin ginsengum (ginseng) and solum (soil).
Brachybacterium horti is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, white-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from soil from a garden in the Guro District of Seoul, South Korea. The species was first described in 2016, and the name is derived from the Latin horti.
Brachybacterium huguangmaarense is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, orange-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from a lake sediment sample from Huguangyan Maar Lake collected in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The species was first described in 2014, and the name is derived from the location from which the organism was first isolated.
Brachybacterium muris is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the liver of a laboratory mouse. The species was first described in 2003, and the name is derived from the Latin muris (mouse).
Brachybacterium nesterenkovii is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from milk products in 1984. The species was first described in 1992, and is named for O. A. Nesterenko, "a Ukrainian microbiologist who has made a valuable contribution to the systematics of coryneform and nocardioform bacteria".
Brachybacterium phenoliresistens is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from oil-contaminated sand in Pingtung County, Taiwan. The species was first described in 2007, and its name refers to the species' ability to resist phenol. It is most closely related to B. nesterenkovii.
Brachybacterium sacelli is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, cream-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from a medieval wall painting of the chapel of Schloss Herberstein in Styria, Austria. The species was proposed in 2014, and the name is derived from Latin sacelli. Another novel species B. fresconis was isolated from the same painting.
Brachybacterium saurashtrense is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, halotolerant, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from roots of Salicornia brachiate plants collected from coastal marshy swamps, in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. The species was first proposed in 2011, and the name is derived from Saurashtra, the region where it was first isolated.
Brachybacterium zhongshanense is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, halotolerant, cream-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from sediment along the Qijiang River, Zhongshan, China. The species was first proposed in 2011, and the name refers to the city from which it was first isolated.
References
- ↑ Collins MD, Brown J, Jones D. Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a coryneform bacterium from poultry deep litter. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 1988 Jan 1;38(1):45-8.
