Brachybacterium | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
Class: | Actinomycetia |
Order: | Micrococcales |
Family: | Dermabacteraceae |
Genus: | Brachybacterium Collins et al. 1988 [1] |
Type species | |
Brachybacterium faecium Collins et al. 1988 | |
Species | |
See text. |
Brachybacterium is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile bacteria. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. The genus name comes from Greek word brachy, meaning short, and Latin bacterium, meaning rods, referencing the short rods noted during the exponential phase. [1]
The type species of the genus, Brachybacterium faecium, was first isolated from poultry deep litter in 1966 along with several other species. [2] Speciation of the strains was performed in 1975, but three of the strains did not cluster with any known taxon. [3] In 1988, further work was performed on the previously unclassified organisms, and the current genus was proposed. [1] Brachybacteria have been isolated from a stool sample of a healthy three-year-old girl, [4] garden soil, [5] Beaufort cheese, medieval wall paintings, a mouse liver, roots, salt fermented seafood, oil-contaminated coastal sand, sediment samples, and seawater. [6] [7] A strain of Brachybacterium has been indicated as the cause of bloodborne infection in an 83 year-old man. [8]
Brachybacterium comprises the following species: [9]
Novosphingobium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes N. taihuense, which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species N. aromativorans, which was first found in Ulsan Bay, similarly degrades aromatic molecules of two to five rings.
Sutterella is a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, Betaproteobacteria whose species have been isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract as well as canine feces. The genus of the family Sutterellaceae currently encompasses 4 distinct species, though at least 5 additional species have been proposed that do not yet meet International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) standards for classification. Sutterella are frequently referred to as commensal in the context of human hosts, but are associated with inflammation, which has implications for a number of diseases.
Methylobacterium aquaticum is a bacterium from the genus of Methylobacterium which has been isolated from drinking water in Seville in Spain.
Gabonibacter is a genus from the family of Porphyromonadaceae which have been isolated from human sources.
Brachybacterium tyrofermentans is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the surfaces of Beaufort and Gruyère cheeses in 1978, along with Brachybacterium alimentarium. Further work led to the proposal of the new species in 1996, and the name is derived from the Latin tyros (cheese) and fermentans (leavening), referring to the fermented cheese from which it was first isolated.
Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, pale brown pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. The species was identified when a strain of Brachybacterium faecium was found to be a different species of Brachybacterium. The name is derived from Latin para and conglomeratum. B. paraconglomeratum resembles Brachybacterium conglomeratum phenotypically, and but are separate species based on DNA–DNA hybridization. B. paraconglomeratum and B. conglomeratum were first proposed as species in the same paper in 1995, along with B. rhamnosum.
Brachybacterium faecium is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium. Colony pigmentation is grey, white, or pale yellow. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from poultry deep litter in 1966. The species was the first proposed for genus Brachybacterium in 1988, and is the type strain for the genus. The name is derived from the Latin faecium, referring to the poultry litter from which it was first isolated.
Negativicoccus is a Gram-negative and anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Veillonellaceae.
Nocardioides massiliensis is a bacterium from the genus Nocardioides which has been isolated from human feces from Marseille, France.
"Brachybacterium massiliense" is a species of Gram positive bacterium. It was first isolated from a stool sample of 38-month-old healthy girl from Senegal. The species was first proposed in 2017, and the name is derived from Massilia, the Roman name for Marseille, the location of the laboratory where B. massiliense was first isolated.
Sediminibacillus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. Sediminibacillus species are halophilic bacteria and found in salty human stools and marine sponges. Sediminibacillus species are identified from Plakortis dariae sponge of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.
Sediminibacillus massiliensis is a Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Sediminibacillus which has been isolated from human feaces from Dielmo in Senegal.
Ileibacterium massiliense is a bacterium from the genus of Ileibacterium which has been isolated from the ileum of a human.
Brachybacterium saurashtrense is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, halotolerant, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from roots of Salicornia brachiate plants collected from coastal marshy swamps, in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. The species was first proposed in 2011, and the name is derived from Saurashtra, the region where it was first isolated.
Weeksella massiliensis is a bacterium from the genus of Weeksella. Weeksella massiliensis has been isolated from the urine from a man with acute cystitis Weeksella massiliensis is a human pathogen.
Parabacteroides massiliensis is a bacterium from the genus of Parabacteroides which has been isolated from human faeces.
Desnuesiella is a Gram-positive and facultatively anaerobic bacterial genus from the family of Clostridiaceae with on known species. Desnuesiella massiliensis has been isolated from the Gut flora from a child which suffered from kwashiorkor.
Haloimpatiens massiliensis is a Gram-positive, anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Haloimpatiens which has been isolated from the gut of an infant from Marseille.
Acidipropionibacterium timonense (A. timonense) is a bacterium from the genus of Acidipropionibacterium.
Numidum is a Gram-positive and facultative anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae with one known species which has been isolated from the human gut.