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Bruno G. Pollet | |
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Born | 1969 |
Citizenship | France |
Education | Université Joseph Fourier (DUT) Coventry University (BSc(Hons)) The University of Aberdeen (MSc) Coventry University (PhD) |
Known for | Hydrogen and Sonoelectrochemistry |
Awards | Fellow of the IAHE (International Association for Hydrogen Energy) (2024) SCI Canada International (Society of Chemical Industry) (2024) IAHE Sir William Grove (2022) Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (2010) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | |
Institutions |
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Thesis | The Effect of Ultrasound on Electrochemical Processes sonoelectrochemistry |
Doctoral advisors | Timothy J. Mason and J. Phil Lorimer |
Bruno Georges Pollet BSc(Hons) MSc PhD FIAHE FRSC (born in 1969), is a French electrochemist and electrochemical engineer, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, a Fellow of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy, a full professor of chemistry, director of the Green Hydrogen Lab and member of the Hydrogen Research Institute (Institut de recherche sur l'hydrogène) at the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières in Canada. He has worked on Hydrogen Energy in the UK, Japan, South Africa, Norway and Canada, and has both industrial and academic experience. He is a prolific scholar, collaborator, and mentor. He is also regarded as one of the most prominent Hydrogen experts and one of the Hydrogen "influencers" in the world.
Bruno G. Pollet was born in Orléans and grew up in Grenoble, France. He was educated in France, England (through the Erasmus Programme) and Scotland. Prior to entering the French university system, he did his Terminale C (baccalaureat C - mathematics and physical sciences) at the Lycée Pierre du Terrail (high school) where he studied with the French researcher and infectiologist, specialist in HIV, hepatitis and Covid-19, Karine Lacombe. He received a Diploma in Chemistry and Materials Science at the Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France (1991), a Bachelor's Honours Degree in Applied Chemistry at Coventry University, England (1992), a Masters Degree in Analytical Chemistry at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland (1994) and a Ph.D. Degree in electrochemistry with the dissertation "The Effect of Ultrasound on Electrochemical Processes" at the Sonochemistry Centre of Excellence, School of Chemistry, Coventry University in England (1998) under the supervision of Professors Tim J. Mason (sonochemist) and John P. Lorimer (physical chemist). He was also a Postdoctoral researcher in Electrocatalysis at the University of Liverpool Electrochemistry Group led by Professor David J. Schiffrin (2001) in the UK. He was offered and turned down a 3-year Postdoctoral Research Assistant (PDRA) position at the Compton Electrochemistry Group at Oxford University in the UK (1998), a 2-year Postdoctoral researcher position at The Australian National University Electrochemistry Group in Australia (2001) and a 1-year Postdoctoral researcher position at the Allen J. Bard Electrochemistry Group at the University of Texas at Austin in the US (2001).
He is a member of the Council of Engineers for the Energy Transition (CEET): An Independent Advisory Council to the United Nations’ Secretary-General and CEET Hydrogen Task Force leader. He is also member of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Hydrogen Task Force, the “Renewable Hydrogen” task of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Hydrogen Technology Collaboration Program (TCP) and the IEA Technology Collaboration Programme on Advanced Fuel Cells. He is President of the Green Hydrogen Division of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy, member of the Board of Directors of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE), member of the Board of Directors of the Canadian Hydrogen Association (CHA), leader of H2CAN 2.0 (a cluster of hydrogen R&D groups in Canada), Canadian leader of the CNRS International Research Network (IRN) on Clean Hydrogen between France and Canada, [1] member of the Global Hydrogen Production Technologies (HyPT) Center [2] and member of the Strategy Board of HyCentA (Hydrogen Research Centre Austria). He was member of the Board of Directors of Hydrogène Québec from 2022-2024. He is member of the Electrochemical Society, member of the International Society of Electrochemistry and member of the Board of the European Society of Sonochemistry. He is also member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Canadian electrolyzer company, Hydrogen Optimized, led by the Stuart family which builds on a heritage of more than 100 years in the design of unipolar alkaline water electrolysis cells and plants, that has delivered 1 billion operating hours in approximately 1,000 hydrogen plants in 100 countries. [3] [4] [5] [6] He is Scientific Advisor of TES Canada H2 Inc., one of the largest producers of renewable hydrogen and natural gas in Canada. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] He is also Scientific Advisor of Cipher Neutron Inc., the only Canadian technology company focussing on disruptive AEM electrolyser technologies. [12] [13] [14] He has recently been nominated as the "Hydrogen Champion" and Scientific Committee member of the Energy Transition Valley (Vallée de la Transition Énergétique - VTÉ). [15] He was awarded two prestigious research chairs: NSERC Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Green Hydrogen Production, and the Innergex Renewable Energy Research Chair (partly funded by the Québec Ministère de l'Économie, de l'Innovation et de l'Énergie) focussing on the next generation of hydrogen production and water electrolyzers (electrolysis of water). He was awarded the "IAHE Sir William Grove Award" in recognition of his leadership and his groundbreaking works in hydrogen, fuel cell and electrolyser technologies by the International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE) as well as the "SCI Canada International Award" by the Society of Chemical Industry (SCI) in recognition of outstanding service and contributions in the international sphere to an industry that is based on Chemistry, for its processes and/or services. During his time at the University of Birmingham Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research, he was named as "Birmingham Hero" for his hydrogen and fuel cell works. [16] In Norway, together with Torstein Dale Sjøtveit, he was member of the foundation group for the establishment of FREYR Battery (lithium-ion battery manufacturer). In 2022, Bruno G. Pollet was invited to witness at the Senate Committee on Energy, the Environment and Natural Resources [17] [18] and the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development, the House of Commons [19] in Canada. In 2024, he initiated and was the catalyst for the establishment of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Hydrogen Europe and the Canadian Hydrogen Association to accelerate hydrogen deployment and facilitate trade in clean molecules. [20] [21] In June 2024, he was awarded Fellow of the IAHE for his persistent promotion of Green hydrogen Technologies.
His research field covers a wide range of areas within electrochemistry, electrochemical engineering, electrochemical energy conversion and sonoelectrochemistry (use of ultrasound in electrochemistry). This includes the development of new energy materials (storage of hydrogen, electrolyzer, fuel cells, batteries and supercapacitors); water treatment / disinfection; demonstrators and prototypes. He pioneered the use of ultrasound in the area of hydrogen science and technology. Since 1995, he has worked closely with the chemical engineer, Professor Jean-Yves Hihn (Université de Franche-Comté) in the area of sonoelectrochemistry. In their 2007 paper in the Journal of the Electrochemical Society, they proposed an equation as a tool for sonoelectrochemical research, [22] known as the "Pollet-Hihn equation". [23] During his time in the UK, he worked for several companies that include Johnson Matthey on fuel cell components and testing. He also worked closely with the British physicist and Fellow of the Royal Society, Kevin Kendall who both co-founded the University of Birmingham Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research. In 2010, together with Kevin Kendall FRS, he developed the first Master and PhD programmes with integrated studies in hydrogen, fuel cells and their applications under the £5.5m UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Doctoral Training Centre that included the University of Birmingham, the University of Loughborough and the University of Nottingham. According to ResearchGate, Bruno G. Pollet has over 390 publications that include peer-reviewed articles, conference articles, book chapters and authored/edited books. He is member of several international academic journals' editorial boards e.g. the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Current Opinion in Electrochemistry and Johnson Matthey Technology Review (previously known as Platinum Metals Review). According to Google Scholar, his works have been highly cited (more than 15,000 times), with an h-index of 59 as of September 2024. According to the prestigious list published by Stanford University and the Scopus database, which brings together 9 million scientists, Bruno G. Pollet is among the 2% of most cited research experts across the planet in 2022 and 2023. [24]
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidizing agent into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes from substances that are already present in the battery. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied.
In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a technique that uses direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell. The voltage that is needed for electrolysis to occur is called the decomposition potential. The word "lysis" means to separate or break, so in terms, electrolysis would mean "breakdown via electricity."
A regenerative fuel cell or reverse fuel cell (RFC) is a fuel cell run in reverse mode, which consumes electricity and chemical B to produce chemical A. By definition, the process of any fuel cell could be reversed. However, a given device is usually optimized for operating in one mode and may not be built in such a way that it can be operated backwards. Standard fuel cells operated backwards generally do not make very efficient systems unless they are purpose-built to do so as with high-pressure electrolysers, regenerative fuel cells, solid-oxide electrolyser cells and unitized regenerative fuel cells.
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), also known as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, are a type of fuel cell being developed mainly for transport applications, as well as for stationary fuel-cell applications and portable fuel-cell applications. Their distinguishing features include lower temperature/pressure ranges and a special proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane. PEMFCs generate electricity and operate on the opposite principle to PEM electrolysis, which consumes electricity. They are a leading candidate to replace the aging alkaline fuel-cell technology, which was used in the Space Shuttle.
A proton-exchange membrane, or polymer-electrolyte membrane (PEM), is a semipermeable membrane generally made from ionomers and designed to conduct protons while acting as an electronic insulator and reactant barrier, e.g. to oxygen and hydrogen gas. This is their essential function when incorporated into a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell or of a proton-exchange membrane electrolyser: separation of reactants and transport of protons while blocking a direct electronic pathway through the membrane.
A flow battery, or redox flow battery, is a type of electrochemical cell where chemical energy is provided by two chemical components dissolved in liquids that are pumped through the system on separate sides of a membrane. Ion transfer inside the cell occurs across the membrane while the liquids circulate in their respective spaces.
Electrolysis of water is using electricity to split water into oxygen and hydrogen gas by electrolysis. Hydrogen gas released in this way can be used as hydrogen fuel, but must be kept apart from the oxygen as the mixture would be extremely explosive. Separately pressurised into convenient 'tanks' or 'gas bottles', hydrogen can be used for oxyhydrogen welding and other applications, as the hydrogen / oxygen flame can reach approximately 2,800°C.
Hydrogen gas is produced by several industrial methods. Nearly all of the world's current supply of hydrogen is created from fossil fuels. Most hydrogen is gray hydrogen made through steam methane reforming. In this process, hydrogen is produced from a chemical reaction between steam and methane, the main component of natural gas. Producing one tonne of hydrogen through this process emits 6.6–9.3 tonnes of carbon dioxide. When carbon capture and storage is used to remove a large fraction of these emissions, the product is known as blue hydrogen.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a type of bioelectrochemical fuel cell system also known as micro fuel cell that generates electric current by diverting electrons produced from the microbial oxidation of reduced compounds on the anode to oxidized compounds such as oxygen on the cathode through an external electrical circuit. MFCs produce electricity by using the electrons derived from biochemical reactions catalyzed by bacteria. Comprehensive Biotechnology MFCs can be grouped into two general categories: mediated and unmediated. The first MFCs, demonstrated in the early 20th century, used a mediator: a chemical that transfers electrons from the bacteria in the cell to the anode. Unmediated MFCs emerged in the 1970s; in this type of MFC the bacteria typically have electrochemically active redox proteins such as cytochromes on their outer membrane that can transfer electrons directly to the anode. In the 21st century MFCs have started to find commercial use in wastewater treatment.
An electrocatalyst is a catalyst that participates in electrochemical reactions. Electrocatalysts are a specific form of catalysts that function at electrode surfaces or, most commonly, may be the electrode surface itself. An electrocatalyst can be heterogeneous such as a platinized electrode. Homogeneous electrocatalysts, which are soluble, assist in transferring electrons between the electrode and reactants, and/or facilitate an intermediate chemical transformation described by an overall half reaction. Major challenges in electrocatalysts focus on fuel cells.
A Johnson thermoelectric energy converter or JTEC is a type of solid-state heat engine that uses the electrochemical oxidation and reduction of hydrogen in a two-cell, thermal cycle that approximates the Ericsson cycle. It is under investigation as a viable alternative to conventional thermoelectric conversion. Lonnie Johnson invented it and claims the converter exhibits an energy conversion efficiency of as much as 60%, however, this claim is at a theoretical level based on comparison with a Carnot cycle and assumes a temperature gradient of 600 °C. It was originally proposed for funding to the Office of Naval Research but was refused. Johnson obtained later funding by framing the engine as a hydrogen fuel cell. Johnson had been collaborating with PARC on development of the engine.
Electrochemical engineering is the branch of chemical engineering dealing with the technological applications of electrochemical phenomena, such as electrosynthesis of chemicals, electrowinning and refining of metals, flow batteries and fuel cells, surface modification by electrodeposition, electrochemical separations and corrosion.
Proton exchange membrane(PEM) electrolysis is the electrolysis of water in a cell equipped with a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) that is responsible for the conduction of protons, separation of product gases, and electrical insulation of the electrodes. The PEM electrolyzer was introduced to overcome the issues of partial load, low current density, and low pressure operation currently plaguing the alkaline electrolyzer. It involves a proton-exchange membrane.
Alkaline water electrolysis is a type of electrolyser that is characterized by having two electrodes operating in a liquid alkaline electrolyte. Commonly, a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 25-40 wt% is used. These electrodes are separated by a diaphragm, separating the product gases and transporting the hydroxide ions (OH−) from one electrode to the other. A recent comparison showed that state-of-the-art nickel based water electrolysers with alkaline electrolytes lead to competitive or even better efficiencies than acidic polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis with platinum group metal based electrocatalysts.
Sonoelectrochemistry is the application of ultrasound in electrochemistry. Like sonochemistry, sonoelectrochemistry was discovered in the early 20th century. The effects of power ultrasound on electrochemical systems and important electrochemical parameters were originally demonstrated by Moriguchi and then by Schmid and Ehert when the researchers investigated the influence of ultrasound on concentration polarisation, metal passivation and the production of electrolytic gases in aqueous solutions. In the late 1950s, Kolb and Nyborg showed that the electrochemical solution hydrodynamics in an electrochemical cell was greatly increased in the presence of ultrasound and described this phenomenon as acoustic streaming. In 1959, Penn et al. demonstrated that sonication had a great effect on the electrode surface activity and electroanalyte species concentration profile throughout the solution. In the early 1960s, the electrochemist Allen J. Bard showed in controlled potential coulometry experiments that ultrasound significantly enhances mass transport of electrochemical species from the bulk solution to the electroactive surface. In the range of ultrasonic frequencies [20 kHz – 2 MHz], ultrasound has been applied to many electrochemical systems, processes and areas of electrochemistry both in academia and industry, as this technology offers several benefits over traditional technologies. The advantages are as follows: significant thinning of the diffusion layer thickness (δ) at the electrode surface; increase in electrodeposit/electroplating thickness; increase in electrochemical rates, yields and efficiencies; increase in electrodeposit porosity and hardness; increase in gas removal from electrochemical solutions; increase in electrode cleanliness and hence electrode surface activation; lowering in electrode overpotentials ; and suppression in electrode fouling.
María Escudero-Escribano is a Spanish chemist. Her research considers the design of materials for catalysis, fuel cells and sustainable chemistry. She works at the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) as an ICREA Research Professor since September 2022. Formerly she was director of the Nano-Electrochemical group at the University of Copenhagen.
Héctor Daniel Abruña is a Puerto Rican physical chemist whose work focuses on electrochemistry, molecular electronics, fuel cells, batteries, and electrocatalysis. Abruña is director of the Energy Materials Center and Emile M. Chamot professor for chemistry at Cornell University. He became a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2006, a Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2007, and a Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2018. Abruña conducts research into battery and fuel cell systems using electrochemical techniques and X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy methods.
Sudhhasatwa Basu is an Indian chemical engineer. He is director of Council of Scientific Industrial Research - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR-IMMT) in Bhubaneswar, India, and is professor of chemical engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, adjunct professor, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai and professor of AcSIR. His research interests include electrokinetic and electrochemical phenomena in fuel cells.
Peter Strasser is a German chemist. He is the winner of the 2021 Faraday Medal.
Elod Lajos Gyenge is a professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the faculty of Applied Science in University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. He is also an associate member of the Clean Energy Research Center of UBC Vancouver campus. Elod Gyenge has been nominated for several teaching and research awards including Japanese Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship at Osaka University and the recipient of the distignshuied Elisabeth and Leslie Gould Endowed Professorship at UBC from 2007 to 2014. His research has been toward development of electrochemical systems such as fuel cells, batteries and electrosynthesis systems. He is also an appointed professor in the engineering school of Osaka University in Japan.
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