Buddleja simplex | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
(unranked): | Angiosperms |
(unranked): | Eudicots |
(unranked): | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Buddlejaceae |
Genus: | Buddleja |
Species: | B. simplex |
Binomial name | |
Buddleja simplex Kraenzl. | |
Synonyms | |
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Buddleja simplex is probably extinct, as no record of it has been made for nearly 200 years. It was a species endemic to Saltillo in Mexico, described and named by Kraenzlin in 1912. [1] [2]
Saltillo is the capital and largest city of the northeastern Mexican state of Coahuila and the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. As of the 2015 census, Saltillo had a population of 807,537 people, while the population of the metropolitan area was 923,636 inhabitants, making Saltillo the largest city and the second largest metropolitan area in the state of Coahuila and the 19th most populated metropolitan area in the country.
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2,000,000 square kilometres (770,000 sq mi), the nation is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world. With an estimated population of over 120 million people, the country is the eleventh most populous state and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world, while being the second most populous nation in Latin America after Brazil. Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and Mexico City, a special federal entity that is also the capital city and its most populous city. Other metropolises in the state include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana and León.
Friedrich (Fritz) Wilhelm Ludwig Kränzlin was a botanist associated with the Natural History Museum (BM).
B. simplex is a small shrub, the young branches subquadrangular with adpressed tomentum. The small, membranaceous oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate leaves have 0.5 – 1.5 cm petioles, and are 2 – 4 cm long by 0.5 – 1.2 cm wide, tomentulose above, tomentose below. The bracted inflorescences are 5 – 10 cm long, comprising 8 – 10 pairs of sessile or pedunculate heads < 0.6 cm in diameter. [2]
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed. The modifications can involve the length and the nature of the internodes and the phyllotaxis, as well as variations in the proportions, compressions, swellings, adnations, connations and reduction of main and secondary axes. Inflorescence can also be defined as the reproductive portion of a plant that bears a cluster of flowers in a specific pattern.
In botany, sessility is a characteristic of plant parts that have no stalk. Flowers or leaves are borne directly from the stem or peduncle, and thus lack a petiole or pedicel. The leaves of most monocotyledons lack petioles.
The species is considered very close to B. sessiliflora, the latter having marginally larger flower heads and longer fruits. [2]
Buddleja utahensis is a species of Buddleja endemic to the southwestern United States, where it is known by the common names Utah butterfly bush and Panamint butterfly bush. Named and described by Coville in 1892, the shrub favours limestone outcrops at elevations of 700–2000 m, where it is often found in association with Joshua trees.
Buddleja loricata is a hardy evergreen shrub endemic to South Africa and Mozambique, where it grows on mountain slopes at elevations above 1,800 m. The shrub has only recently been introduced to cultivation in Europe.
Buddleja aromatica is endemic to the Cordillera Oriental and Central of Bolivia, and northern Argentina, where it grows on rocky areas amid semi-arid scrub and thorn. The species was first described and named by Rémy in 1847.
Buddleja blattaria is a small shrub endemic to the regions of Piura and Cajamarca in northern Peru. The species was first described and named by J. F. Macbride in 1934.
Buddleja chenopodiifolia is a species endemic to the dry rocky or clay hillsides of southern Peru at altitudes of 2200–3100 m; it was first described and named by Kraenzlin in 1913.
Buddleja corrugata is a species endemic to north-western Mexico including the Baja California Sur, growing on limestone at altitudes of 200–1900 m; it was first described and named by Jones in 1933.
Buddleja hieronymi is a species endemic to southern Bolivia and northern Argentina first described and named by Fries in 1905.
Buddleja longifolia is a species now restricted to remnants of montane forest in Loja, Ecuador, and northern Peru at altitudes of 2100 – 2600 m. The species was first described and named by Kunth in 1818.
Buddleja misionum is a species endemic to dry rocky fields and roadsides in southern Paraguay, the Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, and the provinces of Corrientes and Misiones in Argentina; it was first described and named by Kraenzlin in 1913.
Buddleja montana is a species endemic to the rocky hillsides of the cordilleras of Peru at altitudes of 2,700 – 4,000 m, extending into Bolivia; it was named and described by Britton in 1898. The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or coming from mountains.
Buddleja nitida is a species endemic to much of Central America, from southern Chiapas in Mexico south to the Sierra de Talamanca in northern Panama, where it grows on limestone slopes, in cloud forest, in clearings and pastures at altitudes of 2,000 – 4,000 m. The species was first named and described by Bentham in 1846.
Buddleja oblonga is a species endemic to the Serra do Caparaó and south as far as Paraná in Brazil, where it grows in fields and damp thickets near streams at altitudes of 1,000 – 2,200 m. The species was first named and described by Bentham in 1846.
Buddleja racemosa, commonly known as the Wand Butterfly Bush, is endemic to the southern edge of the limestone Edwards Plateau in Texas, United States, from Austin to Rocksprings, growing around streams, creeks and springs at elevations of 250 – 750 m. The plant was first named and described by John Torrey in 1859.
Buddleja rufescens is endemic to western Peru from Piura to Ica where it grows along roadsides, dry river courses, and in remnants of scrubby woodland from sea level to 2,000 m. The species was first named and described by Willdenow in 1827.
Buddleja scordioides is endemic to central Arizona, southeastern New Mexico, southwestern Texas, and the Chihuahua Desert of Mexico, growing amidst xeric thorn-scrub on alkaline soils at elevations of 600 – 2,500 m. The species was first named and described by Kunth in 1818.
Buddleja soratae is a rare species endemic to one small area of Bolivia around Sorata, growing along forest edges at altitudes of 2,700 - 3,200 m; it was first described and named by Kraenzlin in 1913.
Buddleja suaveolens is endemic to central Chile, growing mostly in rocky areas along rivers at elevations of 500 – 2,900 m. The species was first named and described by Kunth and Bouché in 1845.
Buddleja tucamensis is endemic to the La Paz Department of Bolivia and to the Catamarca Province of Argentina, growing on rocky hillsides, along streams and roads from sea level to 3,300 m. The species was first named and described by Grisebach in 1874
Buddleja brachystachya is a small shrub endemic to the Yunnan, Szechuan and Kansu provinces of China, where it grows on open, rocky, often dry, places at altitudes of 2,000–2,400 m. It was first described and named by Diels in 1912.
Buddleja candida is a small deciduous shrub widely distributed from north-east India through south east Xizang (Tibet) to the provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan in western China, growing on forest edges, in mountain thickets, and along riverbanks, at altitudes of 1000 – 2500 m. Named and described by Dunn in 1920, the shrub was introduced to cultivation in the west in 1928.