Burgruine Federaun

Burgruine Federaun
	Carinthia, Austria
Type	Castle

Last updated March 17, 2019

Burgruine Federaun is a castle in Carinthia, Austria.

Austria, officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in Central Europe comprising 9 federated states. Its capital, largest city and one of nine states is Vienna. Austria has an area of 83,879 km² (32,386 sq mi), a population of nearly 9 million people and a nominal GDP of $477 billion. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The terrain is highly mountainous, lying within the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 m (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 m (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speaks local Bavarian dialects as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other regional languages are Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene.

Location

The former bambergic fortification is located directly above the historically important long-distance road Villach -Tarvis, which crosses the Gail below the Burgfelsen. The fortress also includes a bridge watchtower on a rock above the river, which served as a barrier to the street and later became a residential building. The second mentioned tower near Federaun could not be located. The castle is accessible from the east via Warmbad (de ) / Graschelitzen through a partly rocky and steep path.^[1]

The Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg was an ecclesiastical State of the Holy Roman Empire. It goes back to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bamberg established at the 1007 synod in Frankfurt, at the behest of King Henry II to further expand the spread of Christianity in the Franconian lands. The bishops obtained the status of Imperial immediacy about 1245 and ruled their estates as Prince-bishops until they were subsumed to the Electorate of Bavaria in the course of the German Mediatisation in 1802.

A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to solidify rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from the Latin fortis ("strong") and facere.

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History

The oldest documentary mention of Federaun dates back to 1311. In the middle of the 13th century, Rudolf von Ras (from Rosegg in the Rosental, see also Herren Von Ras) took possession of the castle and used it as a base for his robbery attacks on the transit trade Italy. In 1255 Heinrich von Bamberg Bishop put an end to this activity and expelled the robber.^[2]

Rosegg is a town in the district of Villach-Land in Carinthia in Austria.

The decline of the Federaun castle was probably already in place before the 17th century.

Attachment

From the main castle, with its mighty anterior facade, there are only small remnants left. The main castle from the late 12th century is located in the western part of the heights. The Burganlage was later extended to the east. The result of these extensions is an unusually large plant with two large Vorburg plants. However, the beautifully bricked conical cistern in the courtyard is remarkable. A vault, which is not defined in time, is still in good condition. At the eastern end, the castle is secured by a deep trench.^[3]

A facade is generally one exterior side of a building, usually the front. It is a foreign loan word from the French façade, which means "frontage" or "face".

A hill chain, sometimes also hill ridge, is an elongated line of hills that usually includes a succession of more or less prominent hilltops, domed summits or kuppen, hill ridges and saddles and which, together with its associated lateral ridges and branches, may form a complex topographic structure. It may occur within a hill range, within an area of low rolling hill country or on a plain. It may link two or more otherwise distinct hill ranges. The transition from a hill chain to a mountain chain is blurred and depends on regional definitions of a hill or mountain. For example, in the UK and Ireland a mountain must officially be 600 m (2,000 ft) or higher, whereas in North America mountains are often (unofficially) taken as being 1,000 ft (300 m) high or more.

A cistern is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. Cisterns are distinguished from wells by their waterproof linings. Modern cisterns range in capacity from a few litres to thousands of cubic metres, effectively forming covered reservoirs.

Mauerwerk aus Hauptburg
Mauerwerk in 1. Vorburg
Gewölbe
Blick von der Burg auf den Verschiebebahnhof Fürnitz

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References

↑ Lothar,, Beckel, (1973). Von Burg zu Burg in Österreich. Kremayr & Scheriau. ISBN 321800229X.
↑ Alois., Brandstetter, (2000). Burgen und Schlösser in Kärnten. Carinthia. ISBN 3853785204. OCLC 46669440.
↑ Clam., Martinic, Georg (1991). Österreichisches Burgenlexikon : Burgen und Ruinen, Ansitze, Schlösser und Palais. Landesverlag. ISBN 3852145597. OCLC 25825433.

Hugo Henckel-Donnersmarck: castles and palaces in Carinthia. Leon, Klagenfurt 1964. (2 volumes)
Franz Xaver Kohla, Gustav Adolf of Metnitz, Gotbert Moro: "Kärntner Burgenkunde First Part - Carinthian Castles, Castles and Armed Forces" History Association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1973.
Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-218-00229-X.
Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Dictionary. Castles and ruins, residences, castles and palaces. 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7.
Michael Leischner, Alois Brandstetter: castles and palaces in Carinthia. Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-520-4.
Hermann Wiessner, Margareta Vyoral-Tschapka: "Castles and Castles in Carinthia - Hermagor, Spittal / Drau, Villach" 2nd extended edition. Birken Publishing House, Vienna 1986.

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