Butane-1-thiol

Last updated
Butane-1-thiol [1]
Skeletal formula 1-Butanethiol.svg
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model 1-Butanethiol-3D-balls.png
Ball-and-stick model
3D-stick model 1-Butanethiol-3D-sticks-by-AHRLS-2012.png
3D-stick model
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Butane-1-thiol
Other names
Butyl mercaptan
n-Butyl mercaptan
Thiobutyl alcohol
Mercaptobutane
n-Butanethiol
1-Mercaptobutane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.370 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C4H10S/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Yes check.svgY
    Key: WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C4H10S/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3
    Key: WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYAG
  • SCCCC
Properties
C4H10S
Molar mass 90.18 g·mol−1
Appearancecolorless liquid
Odor cabbage-like, skunk-like, garlic-like [2]
Density 0.83679 g/mL
Melting point −115.8 °C (−176.4 °F; 157.3 K)
Boiling point 98.2 °C (208.8 °F; 371.3 K)
Slightly soluble (0.06% at 20°C) [2]
Vapor pressure 35 mmHg (20°C) [2]
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
3
0
Flash point 2 °C; 35 °F; 275 K [2]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
4020 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
2500 ppm (mouse, 4 hr)
770 ppm (dog, 30 min) [3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) [2]
REL (Recommended)
C 0.5 ppm (1.8 mg/m3) [15-minute] [2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
500 ppm [2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Yes check.svgY  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Butane-1-thiol, also known as butyl mercaptan, is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH3CH2CH2CH2SH. It is classified as a thiol. It is a volatile, colorless liquid with a fetid (extremely foul-smelling) odor, commonly described as "skunk" odor. In fact, 1-butanethiol is structurally similar to several constituents of a skunk's defensive spray but is not present in the spray. [4] The scent of 1-butanethiol is so strong that the human nose can easily detect it in the air at concentrations as low as 10 parts per billion. The threshold level for 1-butanethiol is reported as 1.4 ppb [5]

Contents

Uses

Butane-1-thiol is used as an industrial solvent,[ citation needed ] and as an intermediate for cotton defoliants. [6] It is sometimes placed in "stink bombs" and "stink perfumes" for pranksters.

Safety

Inhalation may cause weakness, confusion, cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath. The substance irritates the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract. It may cause effects on the thyroid and the nervous system and could cause lowering of consciousness. [7]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Merck Index, 12th Edition, 1611.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0083". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ↑ "n-Butyl mercaptan". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ↑ Andersen K. K., Bernstein D. T. (1978). "1-Butanethiol and the Striped Skunk". Journal of Chemical Education. 55 (3): 159–160. Bibcode:1978JChEd..55..159A. doi:10.1021/ed055p159.
  5. ↑ Devos, M; F. Patte; J. Rouault; P. Lafort; L. J. Van Gemert (1990). Standardized Human Olfactory Thresholds. Oxford: IRL Press. p. 34. ISBN   0199631468.
  6. ↑ National Library of Medicine HSDB Database. "Merphos". National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2012-05-17.
  7. ↑ "n-BUTYL MERCAPTAN". International Chemical Safety Cards. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2012.

References

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.