Camillien Houde

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KEEP CANADA BRITISH

DESTROY DREW'S HOUDE

GOD SAVE THE KING

(in later editions, the last line was changed to "VOTE ST. LAURENT"). [2]

Concurrent to his career in provincial and federal politics, Houde was mayor of Montreal from 1928 to 1932, from 1934 to 1936, from 1938 to 1940, and from 1944 to 1954.

World War II controversy

During World War II, Houde campaigned against conscription. On August 2, 1940, Houde publicly urged the men of Quebec to ignore the national registration measure introduced by the federal government. [3] Three days later, he was placed under arrest by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police on charges of sedition, and then confined without trial [4] in internment camps in Petawawa, Ontario and Ripples, New Brunswick for four years. Upon his release on August 18, 1944, he was greeted by a cheering crowd of 50,000 Montrealers, [5] and won back his job as Montreal mayor in 1944's civic election.

Honours

Houde was made Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1935 [6] and an Officer of the Order of St John in 1953. [7]

Headstone at Cimetiere Notre-Dame-des-Neiges CHoude.JPG
Headstone at Cimetière Notre-Dame-des-Neiges

Legacy

On his death in 1958, [8] Camillien Houde was interred in the Cimetière Notre-Dame-des-Neiges in Montreal, Quebec in an Italian marble replica of Napoleon's tomb.

Mayor Houde was a reform-minded mayor in the areas of patronage, unemployment, and organized crime. He was also responsible for some of the major public park improvements in Montreal including the park on Mont Royal with its man-made lake and park facilities. "Camilliennes" were public washrooms built by Houde during the Great Depression. [9]

After his death, Mayor Jean Drapeau named a new road over Mount Royal after Houde, an act many considered ironic, as Houde and many others had long opposed building roads over the city's famous mountain.

Other information

Mayor Houde threw a party for the then-new fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous, which was described by Bill W in the book Alcoholics Anonymous Comes of Age as "probably the first official reception that any A.A. group ever had." [10]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Shawcross, William (2009). The Queen Mother . New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p.  458.
  2. ↑ Templeton, Charles (1983). "Inside the Toronto Star". Charles Templeton, an anecdotal memoir . Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN   0-77108545-1. OCLC   11158533.
  3. ↑ "Canadian Registration Act Defied by Montreal Mayor". St. Petersburg Times . 3 August 1940. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  4. ↑ "Lapointe Orders Houde Interned". Windsor Daily Star . 6 August 1940. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  5. ↑ "Houde say term threat to French". Montreal Gazette . 6 December 1944. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  6. ↑ "No. 34119". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1935. p. 11.
  7. ↑ "No. 39743". The London Gazette . 2 January 1953. p. 95.
  8. ↑ "Camillien Houde is Dead, 7-Time Mayor". Montreal Gazette . 12 September 1958. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  9. ↑ Montpetit, Jonathan (12 April 2017). "Public washrooms make comeback in Montreal, 85 years after Camillien Houde's make-work initiative". CBC News . Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  10. ↑ Alcoholics Anonymous Comes of Age, 1957, page 85.

Further reading

His Worship
Camillien Houde
CBE OStJ
Camillien Houde.jpg
Camillien Houde in 1930
34th Mayor of Montreal
In office
1928–1932
National Assembly of Quebec
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1923–1927 		Succeeded by
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1928–1931 		Succeeded by
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1939–1944 		Succeeded by
Parliament of Canada
New constituency Member of Parliament for Papineau
1949–1953		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Leader of the Quebec Conservative Party
1929–1932		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Leader of the Opposition in Quebec
1929–1931		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1928–1932		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1934–1936		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1938–1940		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1944–1954		Succeeded by
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