Carter Aviation Technologies

Last updated

Carter Aviation Technologies
Company type Limited liability company
Industry Aviation
Founded1994
Headquarters Wichita Falls, Texas
Key people
Jay Carter (CEO)
Products Experimental aircraft
Number of employees
13 [1]
Website www.carteraero.com

Carter Aviation Technologies (also known as CarterCopters) is a privately held [2] aviation research and development company based in Wichita Falls, Texas, United States.

Contents

The main focus of the company is developing new technology and then licensing it to other manufacturers for use on production aircraft. [3] Carter sees its role as predominantly that of research and development with the aim of patenting [4] the aviation technological advances it makes. [5] [6] The company is mainly known for making the CarterCopter, and since 2011 its replacement, the Carter Personal Air Vehicle.

History

The company (CAT) was founded in 1994 [2] by Jay Carter Jr., two years after the partial sale of the wind turbine company Carter Wind Systems, [7] [8] now[ when? ] being run by his son Matt. [9] [10] The company is developing the CarterCopter slowed rotor/compound (SR/C) aircraft series, the CarterCopter Propeller System [6] [11] [12] [13] [14] and a landing gear system. [6] [13] [15] According to Carter, the development of the propeller and landing gear was not strictly necessary, and delayed the SR/C. [16] The teetering blade hub principle used in Carter Wind Systems is also used in Carter aircraft. [16]

Until 2004, CAT received some funding via three Small Business Innovation Research programs from NASA, [17] [18] totalling over $1 million. [19]

On 17 June 2005, the CarterCopter, the company's sole flying technology demonstrator, reached a rotorcraft milestone but crashed on the next flight. The aircraft had been flying at 160 mph (257 km/h) when the drive pulley to the propeller drive-shaft bolts failed in flight, reversing propeller thrust. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair but both crew members were unharmed. The accident set the company's development back at least ten months as a small wingless autogyro was not flown until 2006, [13] [20] [21] [22] and the Carter PAV (a subsequent 4-place manned compound rotorcraft, N110AV) was not flown until 2011. [20] Design of the PAV was begun during 2005. [23] [24] Carter says it has flown 186 kn (344 km/h; 214 mph) at 18,000 feet [25] and reached a Mu of 1.13. [1] [26] Carter has applied to the FAA to change the PAVs certificate from research and development to demonstration. [27]

In 2007, the company modified their strategy from strictly [6] R&D to also include limited production, as potential manufacturing customers were unfamiliar with the technology and would not commit to the large development effort of bringing the concept forward to a product. [28]

CAT paid $20,000 per year in lobbying expenses in 2005 and 2006, but none in 2009 and 2010 to "monitor transportation, defense, budget, technology issues/appropriations".[ citation needed ]

In 2009, Joe Lieberman earmarked $2,500,000 to Carter for slow-rotor technologies. [29]

Among the board members is tilt rotor developer Kenneth Wernicke, who engineered the Bell XV-15 [30] [31] as did Jay Carter. [10] [32] Wernicke also worked on the Bell XV-3 and V-22 Osprey. [33]

In October 2009, the company announced it was forming two subsidiaries Carter Aerospace Development, to continue with the Research and Development, and Carter Air Vehicles to manufacture the products. [34]

On 6 September 2013, DARPA awarded $2,231,816 to Carter for the development of a medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle prototype in the TERN program ("Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node"). [35] The goal is an aircraft capable of flying by itself from a small ship (like LCS-2) with a payload of 600 pounds (270 kg) out to an operational radius of 600–900 nautical miles (1,100–1,700 km). [36] Carter views vehicle recovery in rough seas as a significant challenge, [37] and tried unsuccessfully to partner with larger companies. [38] First flight of a TERN demonstrator is expected in 2017, [39] but if Carter wins the final bid, the order would be too big for them, and a partner would have to build the many aircraft. [40] Other Phase 1 recipients include AeroVironment, [41] Northrop Grumman, [42] Aurora Flight Sciences and Maritime Applied Physics. [37] AeroVironment [43] and Northrop Grumman [44] proceeded to Phase 2.

The Paul E. Haueter Award of the American Helicopter Society for 2014 was presented to Jay Carter "for his achievements in slowed-rotor compound aircraft designs capable of providing unprecedented improvements in rotorcraft operational flexibility, efficiency, speed and safety." [45]

As of 2014, Carter says they have started development of a turboprop aircraft powered by the 1,750shp Honeywell TPE331-14. [25]

Agreement with Textron

On 16 November 2009, the AAI Corporation (a division of Textron) signed a 40-year exclusive license agreement [46] [47] [48] [49] with the company concerning all unmanned aircraft systems, one of which was intended to deliver 3000 pounds of cargo similar to the unmanned Kaman K-MAX, but over a future range of 1300 nautical miles compared to the demonstrated 150 nautical miles (280 km) or more of the K-MAX. [50] [51] AAI expected this cargo aircraft to fly in 2011. [52] The agreement committed CarterCopters to developing the technology to maturity for 4 complete aircraft in 2011, [52] in exchange for exclusive rights to develop UAVs for the next 40 years.

External media
Images
Searchtool.svg AAI/Textron's Transformer proposal
Searchtool.svg Company fabrication area Mirror
Video
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Video from Smithsonian Channel
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Aircraft fabrication video, factory

AAI intended to use this technology in two modified Shadow UAVs [52] [53] [54] for flight in 2012, [55] and as the basis for their proposal to DARPAs "Flying Humvee" Transformer program. [52] [56] [57] [58] [59] DARPA selected this team for Phase 1 on 15 November 2010 lasting 15 months, [60] but later only selected Lockheed Martin for the subsequent Aerial Reconfigurable Embedded System (ARES) program.

AAI also expected to use the SR/C technology for the Shadow Knight, a powered-rotor two-propeller surveillance aircraft for the US Navy [61] [62] [63] [64] MRMUAS program that was cancelled in 2012 to save $1.5billion. [65] [66] If AAI proposed an unmanned casualty evacuation aircraft, it would also have been based on Carter technology. [67]

In 2014, Carter said they bought back the license from AAI, [68] and is seeking production partners outside USA. [25] [69]

Agreement with Municipality

On 6 October 2009, [70] (final agreement 14 April 2010) [71] Carter signed a 7-year [72] agreement with the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation (WFEDC). The agreement provided Carter with a US$4M segmented loan (sourced from 4A sales tax) for use as operating capital to allow increased development activity and company expansion, matching some of the AAI funding. [73] The loan was provided at a zero-percent interest rate with a delayed re-payment period and also includes a forgiveness clause in exchange for new job creation [70] [74] [75] of 300 manufacturing jobs. The total investment by AAI and WFEDC was up to $12 million. [76] According to the agreement, Wichita Falls provided a 25,000-square-foot (2,300 m2) building for CAT around the time of first flight. The $4m was to be paid in 8 segments depending on milestones achieved (not necessarily in order): PAV flight without wings, first firm order, PAV flight with wings, second firm order, flight tests of second PAV, and hiring of a number of new employees. The agreement defines a successful flight as 30 minutes or more. [70] Carter received the first downpayment of a prototype, qualifying CAT for a loan payment from the city, [77] and as of 31 August 2010, the amount paid by the WFEDC to CAT was $468,750. [78] According to Jay Carter, these milestones are related to requirements from AAI. Carter also confirmed that CAT has "been in business for 16 years and never sold a product". [79] [80]

First flight of the PAV occurred on 5 January 2011 and lasted 36 minutes, qualifying CAT for another milestone payment. [81] [82] As of 18 August 2011, the amount paid by the WFEDC to CAT was $937,500. [83]

In June 2011, the company moved from its initial 3,600 sq ft (330 m2) buildings to a 20,000 sq ft (1,900 m2) facility with financial assistance from the City of Wichita Falls. [72] [84]

AAI has provided $7.5m for license and prototype, while WFEDC has made 6 of 8 progress payments by June 2012. [85] The original milestones proved difficult, and AAI switched to progress payments instead. [73] [86]

During 2012, Carter reduced the workforce from about 37 [2] [72] [86] due to lack of funds, [87] [88] and the number of employees came to 13 in 2013 [1] and 5 in 2014. [89] WFEDC agreed to a Carter proposal of changing the finance agreement to match the AAI progress method, in order to continue operations. WFEDC would provide two loan payments (almost $1million) in exchange for Carter stock and intellectual property, and Carter offers assets they estimate at $2.4-2.7 million as collateral for the loan. [90] [73] [91] However, in August 2012, Carter offered all of the $2.7 million of hard assets, and refused transfer of intellectual property to the City as that would limit the company's ability to raise money. The WFEDC approved the agreement [85] after lengthy discussion, [87] but if loan repayments are not commenced 4 years after signage, [70] WFEDC could consider the agreement to be in default. [85] In June 2014, WFEDC agreed to a two-year extension, [40] [92] [93] which needed approval from the city council also. [94] As of late 2015, the combined loan of 3.3 million was not paid back. [89]

As of June 2013, 7 out of 8 milestones had been met - Carter viewed the last milestone of 50 employees as unlikely to be fulfilled, [94] [95] but later maintained the hope of achieving that goal. [1] [89]

Carter demonstrated their second PAV (the N210AV) at Sun 'n Fun air festival and MacDill Air Force Base in 2014, both in Florida. [96] In July 2014, it was displayed at Oshkosh Airshow. Carter says it has flown 186 kn (344 km/h; 214 mph) at 18,000 feet. [25]

Technology sale

In 2019, the company sold its slowed rotor technology to Jaunt Air Mobility, an Uber Air Taxi partner. Carter Aviation continued its research into new technology. [97]

Technology

The primary technology of the company is the "Slowed Rotor/Compound" (SR/C) CarterCopter concept. A compound rotorcraft uses both wings and a rotor for lift. The wings support the aircraft when airspeed is high enough. "Slowed rotor" indicates that the rotor is then slowed down in high speed flight to reduce drag. Heavy tip weights made of lead, tungsten or steel are used to make jump takeoffs and keep the slowed rotor stable. [98] [99]

The CarterCopter Technology Demonstrator was the first aircraft to achieve μ-1 (Mu-1) on 17 June 2005. [100] μ-1 is "an aerodynamic limit defined by a forward speed and rotor rpm combination that results in advancing (moving into the relative wind) blade tips reaching speeds of twice that of the aircraft. At the same time, the retreating blade tips experience zero airspeed (as they rotate away from the relative wind) on the opposite side -- the entire inboard portion of the blade sees 'reverse' air flow." [101]

Aircraft

External media
Images
Searchtool.svg CarterGyro Demonstrator/Trainer (CGD/T), on display
Searchtool.svg PAV "hop" Archive
Video
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg PAV first flight
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Official video of flight tests
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg PAV jump take-off, with wings
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Flying at higher altitude

The company has not made products for sale. Four aircraft have been made or modified:

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Carter Aviation Considered for Multi-Billion Dollar DOD Contact Archived 2014-01-27 at the Wayback Machine " Texomas, 24 January 2014. Accessed: 26 January 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Carter Aerospace Development Better Business Bureau , 10 January 2012. Accessed: 26 January 2014.
  3. ↑ VTOLs map out bespoke manufacturing routes to the mass market
  4. ↑ Patents Granted Archived 2013-10-08 at the Wayback Machine Carter Aviation Technologies Retrieved: 5 June 2010.
  5. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (n.d.). "Do you plan on going into production?". Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) CS1 maint: year (link)
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 O'Brien, Kevin. "CarterCopter Advances Towards Mu>1.0 (Part 1) (Part 2)" Aero-News, 26 April 2004. Accessed: 9 March 2014. Quote: "always adamantly opposed a Carter-produced aircraft"
  7. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (n.d.). "Carter Management" . Retrieved 26 February 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  8. ↑ "American Turbine makes 1975 - 1985" Winds of Change. Retrieved: 1 May 2010.
  9. ↑ Birzer, Brian. "Three Generations of Texas Wind Men" (video) Texas Monthly , August 2011. Accessed: 26 February 2014.
  10. 1 2 Galbraith, Kate and Price, Asher. "A mighty wind" page 2 Texas Monthly , August 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  11. ↑ "Carter's Efficient Props Find Customer Application" Aero-News, 6 June 2003. Accessed: 10 April 2014.
  12. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (n.d.). "CarterCopter Propeller System". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) CS1 maint: year (link)
  13. 1 2 3 Grady, Mary (April 2006). "CarterCopter Back In The Air". AVweb. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  14. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies, LLC - U.S.A
  15. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (n.d.). "Landing Gear System". Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) CS1 maint: year (link)
  16. 1 2 Plack, Paul. "ANN Special Feature -- A Long Flight For The Carter PAV" in netradio interview at 2m45s Aero-News, 21 August 2008. Accessed: 13 January 2011.
  17. ↑ "SBIR/STTR Carter Aviation Technologies" 1 2 3. Source: Small Business Innovation Research . Accessed: 20 December 2013.
  18. ↑ "CAT SBIR Award Summary"
  19. ↑ Vance, Christina. (Scripps Howard) Gyroplane adds sci-fi touch to air travel The Augusta Chronicle , 22 December 2000. Accessed: 25 September 2011. Mirror
  20. 1 2 3 "Carter 4-Place PAV" Jane's all the world's aircraft , 20 July 2010. Retrieved: 9 September 2010. Archive
  21. ↑ Grady, Mary (June 2005). "CarterCopter Claims To Break Mythical Barrier..." AVweb. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  22. ↑ Grady, Mary (July 2005). "CarterCopter Update -- Working Toward Replication". AVweb. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  23. ↑ Archive 2006 Mirror Carter Aviation, 2 January 2006. Retrieved: 7 August 2010. Quote: "For the past several months, Carter has been designing a new aircraft"
  24. ↑ "CarterCopter prototype in the works Archived 2014-12-24 at the Wayback Machine " Texomas, 20 December 2006. Accessed: 26 January 2014.
  25. 1 2 3 4 Trimble, Stephen (30 July 2014). "Carter reveals turbine plan, investor talks for VTOL prototype". FlightGlobal . Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  26. ↑ "Carter vehicle breaks records" Times Record News , 28 January 2014. Accessed: 28 January 2014.
  27. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "Lockheed/Piasecki Team Tackles Cargo UAV" page 3 Aviation Week, 24 February 2014. Accessed: 26 February 2014.
  28. ↑ "Carter announces change to R&D philosophy" Vertical (magazine) , 17 April 2007. Accessed: 26 February 2014. Archive
  29. ↑ " Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine ", row 644 (Excel spreadsheet). TaxPayer.net Accessed: 9 April 2014.
  30. ↑ Miller, Jay. "Origin of the Species" Air & Space/Smithsonian , July 2004. Accessed: 10 March 2014.
  31. ↑ Maisel, Martin D., Demo J. Giulianetti and Daniel C. Dugan. NASA SP-2000-4517, "The History of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft: From Concept to Flight" (PDF) NASA , 2000. Accessed: 17 March 2012.
  32. ↑ Wise, Jeff. "Jay Carter, Jr." Popular Science , 2005. Retrieved: 14 July 2012. Magazine
  33. ↑ Whittle, Richard. "The Dream Machine: The Untold History of the Notorious V-22 Osprey" pp30+389. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010. ISBN   1-4165-6295-8. Retrieved: 11 August 2012.
  34. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (6 October 2009). "Carter Lays Foundation for Expansion". Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  35. ↑ "HR0011-13-C-0097" 6 September 2013. Accessed: 8 September 2013.
  36. ↑ "DARPA's New TERN Program Aims for Eyes in the Sky from the Sea". DARPA. 1 March 2013. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  37. 1 2 John Keller. "DARPA program to launch long-range UAVs from small ships expands to five contractors" Military Aerospace Electronics, 6 October 2013. Accessed: 6 October 2013.
  38. ↑ "Carter Aviation Lands Multi-Million Dollar Development Contract Archived 2013-10-21 at the Wayback Machine " Texomas, 16 October 2013. Accessed: 19 October 2013.
  39. ↑ "Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) Program Solicitation Number: DARPA-BAA-13-28". 26 March 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  40. 1 2 Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation", 17 June 2014. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 1 August 2014. Mirror, page 26 Archived 2014-08-11 at the Wayback Machine
  41. ↑ "AeroVironment joins DARPA program to develop long-range UAVs for launch from small ships" 4 September 2013. Accessed: 8 September 2013.
  42. ↑ "HR0011-13-C-0096" 6 September 2013. Accessed: 8 September 2013.
  43. ↑ "Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) – Phase II". 24 September 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  44. ↑ "Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) – Phase II". 22 September 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  45. ↑ "AHS International Announces 2014 Recipients of Its Prestigious Awards" AHS International , 31 March 2014. Accessed: 31 March 2014. Mirror
  46. ↑ "Textron Subsidiary To Develop Carter Rotor Technology" AVweb, 18 November 2009. Retrieved: 1 May 2010.
  47. ↑ Page, Lewis "VTOL gyro-copter flying car mates with killer robot" The Register , 20 November 2009. Retrieved: 10 March 2014.
  48. ↑ AAI Corporation (November 2009). "AAI and Carter Aviation Technologies Enter Exclusive Licensing Agreement for Slowed Rotor/Compound Technology" . Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  49. ↑ AAI Corporation via Reuters (November 2009). "AAI and Carter Aviation Technologies Enter Exclusive Licensing Agreement for Slowed Rotor/Compound Technology". Reuters . Archived from the original on 25 February 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  50. ↑ "Team K-MAX demonstrates successful unmanned Helicopter Cargo resupply to U.S. Marine Corps" Archived 2011-11-04 at the Wayback Machine , Lockheed Martin press release, 8 February 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2010.
  51. ↑ "Wichita Falls aviation company lands lucrative deal" Seven News, undated. Accessed: 28 January 2014.
  52. 1 2 3 4 Warwick, Graham. "Carter flies VTOL hybrid" Aviation Week , 26 January 2011. Accessed: 9 March 2014.
  53. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "AAI adds unpowered rotor to Shadow UAV for VTOL" [ dead link ] Aviation Week , 12 November 2010. Accessed: 27 January 2011.
  54. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "Transformer - Coming to a Theater Near You?" Archived 2014-03-08 at the Wayback Machine Aviation Week , 24 October 2011. Accessed: 8 March 2014.
  55. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "AAI Flies Precursor To Advanced Shadow UAVs" [ dead link ] Aviation Week , 1 August 2011. Accessed: 2 September 2011. Archive
  56. ↑ Skinner, Tony. "Textron pursues 'flying Humvee' programme" Shephard, 22 July 2010. Retrieved: 10 March 2014.
  57. ↑ Weinberger, Sharon. "The U.S. Military wants a battlefield-ready flying car" Popular Mechanics , 15 July 2010. Retrieved: 26 November 2010.
  58. ↑ "DARPA kicks off Transformer (TX) program" Archived 2013-02-24 at the Wayback Machine DARPA , 12 October 2010. Retrieved: 20 February 2014.
  59. ↑ Ossi, Ron. "Slowed rotor idea takes flight" Machine Design, 2 March 2011. Accessed: 31 May 2014. Archived 18 April 2014
  60. ↑ "AAI-Led team selected for ground-breaking DARPA Transformer program" AAI Corporation , 15 November 2010. Accessed: 16 December 2010.
  61. ↑ "AAI Offers VTOL Design for US Navy Medium-Range Maritime UAS" Accessed: 20 February 2014.
  62. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "AAI Unveils Shadow Knight UAV For MRMUAS" Archived 2014-03-10 at the Wayback Machine Aviation Week , 24 January 2012. Accessed: 30 January 2012. Mirror1 Archived 2014-03-10 at the Wayback Machine Mirror2
  63. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "Introducing AAI's Shadow Knight" Aviation Week , 24 January 2012. Accessed: 9 March 2014.
  64. ↑ "The best of fixed-wing unmanned aircraft—only better" [ dead link ]UVS / AAI / Carter, 2010. Retrieved: 10 June 2012.
  65. ↑ "PE 0305237N: Medium Range Maritime UAS" DTIC.mil, February 2012. Retrieved: 11 August 2012.
  66. ↑ Mortimer, Gary. "MRMUAS to be cancelled" SUAS news, 13 February 2012. Retrieved: 11 August 2012.
  67. ↑ Tuttle, Rich. "AUVSI: Transformers: Robots in disguise" Flight Global , 25 August 2010. Accessed: 10 March 2014.
  68. ↑ Lombardi, Frank. "Q&A with Carter Aviation CEO Jay Carter" Rotor&Wing, 6 May 2014. Accessed: 1 August 2014. Archived on 6 May 2014.
  69. ↑ "Carter Aviation Technologies Seeks Investors For PAV Prototype" Aero-News, 3 September 2014. Accessed: 27 September 2014.
  70. 1 2 3 4 Shores, Gary & Carter, Jay. Resolution 132-2009 [ permanent dead link ] mirror1 Archived 2014-01-07 at the Wayback Machine mirror2 City of Wichita Falls, Texas , 6 October 2009. Accessed: 4 January 2011.
  71. ↑ "Carter Signs $4 Million Incentive Agreement"
  72. 1 2 3 Crosbie, Katie. "Carter Aviation Technologies Shows Off New Facility" Archived 2015-06-23 at the Wayback Machine Texomas, 18 January 2012. Accessed: 5 March 2014.
  73. 1 2 3 Foy, Melissa. "Entrepreneur Hopes 4A Board Gives Company More Money" Texomas, 1 August 2012. Accessed: 26 February 2014.
  74. ↑ Wood, Janice. Carter signs $4 million incentive agreement General Aviation News, 3 May 2010. Retrieved: 4 June 2010.
  75. ↑ Wichita Falls City Council Minutes page 697 Wichita Falls, Texas , 6 October 2009. Retrieved: 7 March 2014.
  76. ↑ Dockery, Jim. "Comprehensive annual financial report" short link page ii City of Wichita Falls, Texas , 24 March 2010. Accessed: 4 January 2011.
  77. ↑ "Carter Aviation Technology reaches first City benchmark" Texomas, 13 April 2010. Accessed: 5 March 2014.
  78. ↑ Shores, Gary et al. "Notice of meeting (amended)" Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine , 13 September 2010. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 4 January 2011. Mirror
  79. ↑ Plack, Paul. "ANN Special Feature: Part II - Carter Aviation Technologies - 05.05.10" in netradio interview at 5m40s Aero-News, 5 May 2010. Accessed: 4 January 2011.
  80. ↑ Crosbie, Katie. "Carter announces plans to stay in W.F.; major contract with AAI" Texomas, 22 November 2009. Accessed: 5 March 2014.
  81. 1 2 Wood, Janice. "Carter PAV hits first milestone" General Aviation News , 17 January 2011. Accessed: 13 February 2012.
  82. 1 2 "Carter PAV Completes 1st Funding Milestone Flight" Aero News , 18 January 2011. Accessed: 10 March 2014.
  83. ↑ City clerk. "Resolution 84-2011", 20 September 2011. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 1 December 2012.
  84. ↑ Wood, Janice. "Carter moves to new facility" General Aviation News, 7 June 2011. Accessed: 31 August 2011.
  85. 1 2 3 Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation" p2, 2 August 2012. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 26 November 2012.
  86. 1 2 Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation" p2, 18 April 2012. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 20 February 2014. Mirror, page 12
  87. 1 2 Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation", 29 June 2012. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 29 November 2012.
  88. ↑ Foy, Melissa. "Carter Aviation Technology Continues to Reach Aviation Milestones". Texomas, 10 December 2012. Accessed: 5 March 2014.
  89. 1 2 3 "Carter Aviation Hoping to Move Forward With Production Plans" Texomas, 8 January 2016. Accessed: 8 February 2016.
  90. ↑ Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation" p1-3, 18 June 2012. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 20 July 2012.
  91. ↑ Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation" p2, 4 June 2012. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 26 November 2012.
  92. ↑ "Wichita Falls' 4A Board Approves Business Incentives; Extensions" Texomas, 16 April 2014. Accessed: 22 April 2014.
  93. ↑ Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation", 15 April 2014. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 1 August 2014.
  94. 1 2 Ingle, John. "Funding, lack of investors temporarily grounds Carter Aviation" Times Record News , 1 September 2014. Accessed: 2 September 2014. Mirror1 Mirror2 Archived 2014-09-02 at archive.today Archive
  95. ↑ Shores, Gary et al. "Minutes of the Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation", 21 June 2013. Wichita Falls Economic Development Corporation . Accessed: 2 September 2012.
  96. ↑ Grady, Mary. "Carter Shows Off VTOL Capabilities" AVweb, 8 April 2014. Accessed: 10 April 2014.
  97. ↑ Carter Aviation (2020). "Pioneers in High Speed VTOL". carteraero.com. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  98. ↑ "Carter Personal Air Vehicle completes first flights with new rotor Archived 2013-11-25 at the Wayback Machine " Carter Aviation, 29 August 2013. Accessed: 2 September, 2013.
  99. ↑ Garvey, William. "Coast to coast on 125 gal" page 48, Popular Mechanics , June 1996. Accessed: 9 January 2014.
  100. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (June 2005). "CarterCopter Technology Demonstrator". Archived from the original on 26 December 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  101. ↑ Grady, Mary (June 2005). "...As Company Celebrates Achievement". AVweb. Retrieved 20 December 2009. Diagram of Mu
  102. ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (March 2012). "FAA Registry - Name Inquiry Results" . Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  103. ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (March 2012). "FAA Registry - N899CC" . Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  104. ↑ O'Brien, Kevin. "Carter Copter's little brother" Aero-News, 30 July 2004. Accessed: 4 January 2011. Archived on 28 August 2014.
  105. ↑ Anderson, Rod. "The CarterCopter and its legacy" Issue 83, pages 11-24 Contact Magazine, 30 March 2006. Accessed: 11 December 2010. Mirror
  106. ↑ Carter Aviation Technologies (n.d.). "2+2 Place Personal Air Vehicle & UAV". Archived from the original on 26 December 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) CS1 maint: year (link) Performance archive
  107. ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (March 2012). "FAA Registry - PAV" . Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  108. ↑ Federal Aviation Administration (2014). "FAA Registry - PAV2, N210AV" . Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  109. ↑ "N210AV" Flight Aware. Accessed: 2 September 2013

33°52′47″N98°34′57″W / 33.879648°N 98.582613°W / 33.879648; -98.582613

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The CarterCopter is an experimental compound autogyro developed by Carter Aviation Technologies in the United States to demonstrate slowed rotor technology. On 17 June 2005, the CarterCopter became the first rotorcraft to achieve mu-1 (μ=1), an equal ratio of airspeed to rotor tip speed, but crashed on the next flight and has been inoperable since. It is being replaced by the Carter Personal Air Vehicle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AAI Corporation</span> Aerospace manufacturer in Maryland, US

AAI Corporation is an aerospace and defense development and manufacturing firm, located in Hunt Valley, Maryland, US. Formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of United Industrial Corporation, AAI was acquired by Textron in 2007. It currently operates as a unit of Textron Systems and employs more than 2,000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boeing A160 Hummingbird</span> Unmanned aerial vehicle by Boeing

The Boeing A160 Hummingbird is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) helicopter. Its design incorporates many new technologies never before used in helicopters, allowing for greater endurance and altitude than any helicopter currently in operation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gyrodyne</span> Type of VTOL aircraft

A gyrodyne is a type of VTOL aircraft with a helicopter rotor-like system that is driven by its engine for takeoff and landing only, and includes one or more conventional propeller or jet engines to provide thrust during cruising flight. During forward flight the rotor is unpowered and free-spinning, like an autogyro, and lift is provided by a combination of the rotor and conventional wings. The gyrodyne is one of a number of similar concepts which attempt to combine helicopter-like low-speed performance with conventional fixed-wing high-speeds, including tiltrotors and tiltwings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Personal air vehicle</span> Type of aircraft

A personal air vehicle (PAV) is a proposed class of passenger aircraft providing on-demand air transport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carter PAV</span> Two-bladed compound autogyro

The Carter PAV is a two-bladed, compound autogyro developed by Carter Aviation Technologies to demonstrate slowed rotor technology. The design has an unpowered rotor mounted on top of the fuselage, wings like a conventional fixed-wing aircraft mounted underneath, and a controllable pitch pusher propeller at the rear of the fuselage. Heavy weights are placed in the rotor tips to enhance rotational energy and to reduce flapping.

AeroCopter Inc. is a new venture backed by YAS Ventures LLC and two Entrepreneurs Siamak Yassini and George Syrovy and it is aimed at pioneering the third generation of airborne transportation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora Flight Sciences</span> American aviation and aeronautics research subsidiary of Boeing

Aurora Flight Sciences (AFS) is an American aviation and aeronautics research subsidiary of Boeing that specializes in special-purpose unmanned aerial vehicles. Aurora's headquarters is at Manassas Regional Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slowed rotor</span> Helicopter design variant

The slowed rotor principle is used in the design of some helicopters. On a conventional helicopter the rotational speed of the rotor is constant; reducing it at lower flight speeds can reduce fuel consumption and enable the aircraft to fly more economically. In the compound helicopter and related aircraft configurations such as the gyrodyne and winged autogyro, reducing the rotational speed of the rotor and offloading part of its lift to a fixed wing reduces drag, enabling the aircraft to fly faster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aerial Reconfigurable Embedded System</span> Roadable aircraft

The Aerial Reconfigurable Embedded System (ARES) was a concept for an unmanned VTOL flight module that can transport various payloads. The concept started as the TX (Transformer) in 2009 for a terrain-independent transportation system centered on a ground vehicle that could be configured into a VTOL air vehicle and carry four troops. ARES' primary function was the same as TX, to use flight to avoid ground-based transportation threats like ambushes and IEDs for units that don't have helicopters for those missions. It was to be powered by twin tilting ducted fans and have its own power system, fuel, digital flight controls, and remote command-and-control interfaces. The flight module would have different detachable mission modules for specific purposes including cargo delivery, CASEVAC, and ISR. Up to 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) of payload would be carried by a module.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skyworks Aeronautics</span> American autogyro research and development company

Skyworks Aeronautics Corp., formerly Groen Brothers Aviation, Inc., Groen Aeronautics Corporation and Skyworks Global, is an American autogyro research and development company based in Chicago. The company was founded in 1986 by David Groen and his late brother Jay Groen in Salt Lake City, Utah. David Groen remains as Senior Advisor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VTOL X-Plane</span> American experimental aircraft

The Vertical Take-Off and Landing Experimental Aircraft program was an American research project sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The goal of the program was to demonstrate a VTOL aircraft design that can take off vertically and efficiently hover, while flying faster than conventional rotorcraft. There have been many previous attempts, most of them unsuccessful as of 2015.

Krossblade Aerospace Systems is an aviation company founded in 2014 in Phoenix Arizona, USA. The company is known for developing a 5-seat VTOL concept, SkyCruiser, hybrid vehicle for vertical take-off and landing, and for its drone/UAV prototype, named SkyProwler. Both aircraft employ the switchblade transformation mechanism to transform from a multirotor aircraft for vertical take-off and landing, to a pure winged aircraft, for rapid and efficient cruise.

Urban air mobility (UAM) is the use of small, highly automated aircraft to carry passengers or cargo at lower altitudes in urban and suburban areas which have been developed in response to traffic congestion. It usually refers to existing and emerging technologies such as traditional helicopters, vertical-takeoff-and-landing aircraft (VTOL), electrically propelled vertical-takeoff-and-landing aircraft (eVTOL), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These aircraft are characterized by the use of multiple electric-powered rotors or fans for lift and propulsion, along with fly-by-wire systems to control them. Inventors have explored urban air mobility concepts since the early days of powered flight. However, advances in materials, computerized flight controls, batteries and electric motors improved innovation and designs beginning in the late 2010s. Most UAM proponents envision that the aircraft will be owned and operated by professional operators, as with taxis, rather than by private individuals.

eVTOL Type of aircraft

An electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft is a variety of VTOL aircraft that uses electric power to hover, take off, and land vertically. This technology came about owing to major advances in electric propulsion and the emerging need for new aerial vehicles for urban air mobility that can enable greener and quieter flights. Electric and hybrid propulsion systems (EHPS) have also the potential of lowering the operating costs of aircraft.

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