Cephalopyge

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Cephalopyge
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Nudibranchia
Suborder: Cladobranchia
Family: Phylliroidae
Genus: Cephalopyge
Hanel, 1905
Species:
C. trematoides
Binomial name
Cephalopyge trematoides
(Chun, 1889)
Synonyms [1] [2]

Genus synonymy

  • Bonneviia Pruvot-Fol, 1929
  • Boopsis Pierantoni, 1923
  • Ctilopsis André, 1906
  • Dactylopus Bonnevie, 1921
  • Nectophyllirhoe Hoffmann, 1922

Species synonymy

  • Boopsis mediterranea Pierantoni, 1923
  • Ctilopsis picteti André, 1906
  • Dactylopus michaelsarsii Bonnevie, 1921
  • Phylliroe trematoides Chun, 1889
  • Cephalopyge arabica [3]

Cephalopyge is a genus of pelagic nudibranchs comprising the single species Cephalopyge trematoides, a free-swimming marine gastropod in the family Phylliroidae. [1]

Contents

Etymology

Cephalopyge is a contraction of cephalus (Greek: κεφαλή kephale, "head") and pyge (πūγή, "behind") referring to the position of the anus close to the head. The species epithet trematoides expresses a likeness to flukes. [3]

Description

Cephalopyge trematoides grows to 2.5 cm (0.98 in) in length. It swims at approximately 12 cm/s (4.7 in/s), by passing several undulatory waves down its body each second. [4] It is flattened and transparent; its internal organs are visible. [5]

Pelagic nudibranchs

Of the approximately 3000 species of nudibranch, the vast majority are benthic, only a couple are neustonic, and Cephalopyge trematoides is very unusual in that it is pelagic. [6] [7] It is estimated to be one of only five planktonic nudibranch species (another epipelagic example is Phylliroe bucephala ). [8]

Further information (including photos):

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nudibranch</span> Order of gastropods

Nudibranchs belong to the order Nudibranchia, a group of soft-bodied marine gastropod molluscs that shed their shells after their larval stage. They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have been given colourful nicknames to match, such as "clown", "marigold", "splendid", "dancer", "dragon", and "sea rabbit". Currently, about 3,000 valid species of nudibranchs are known.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sea slug</span> Group of marine gastropods

Sea slug is a common name for some marine invertebrates with varying levels of resemblance to terrestrial slugs. Most creatures known as sea slugs are gastropods, i.e. they are sea snails that, over evolutionary time, have either entirely lost their shells or have seemingly lost their shells due to having a significantly reduced or internal shell. The name "sea slug" is often applied to nudibranchs and a paraphyletic set of other marine gastropods without apparent shells.

<i>Limacina</i> Genus of gastropods

Limacina is a genus of swimming predatory sea snails commonly known as sea butterflies in the family Limacinidae. This genus contains some of the world's most abundant gastropod species.

Desmopteridae is a family of pelagic sea snails or "sea butterflies", marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cymbulioidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clionidae</span> Family of gastropods

The Clionidae are a family of sea angels, which are a group of pelagic marine gastropods.

<i>Glaucus atlanticus</i> Species of mollusc

Glaucus atlanticus is a species of sea slug in the family Glaucidae.

<i>Glaucus marginatus</i> Species of gastropod

Glaucus marginatus is a species of small, floating, blue sea slug; a pelagic (open-ocean) aeolid nudibranch; a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusc in the family Glaucidae. This species is closely related to Glaucus atlanticus, and is part of a species complex along with Glaucus bennettae, Glaucus thompsoni, and Glaucus mcfarlanei. Like Glaucus atlanticus, it is commonly known as a blue dragon.

<i>Atlanta</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Atlanta is a genus of pelagic marine gastropod molluscs in the family Atlantidae. They are sometimes called heteropods.

<i>Carinaria</i> Genus of gastropods

Carinaria is a genus of medium-sized floating sea snails, pelagic gastropod molluscs in the family Carinariidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phylliroidae</span> Family of gastropods

The Phylliroidae are a family of nudibranch sea snails, highly adapted to a pelagic lifestyle and occurring in tropical surface waters around the globe. The two species of the genus Phylliroe and Cephalopyge trematoides that have been assigned to this family are small to average in size, slender and highly transparent. They swim by undulating their whole body. Their foot is very small, which helps to reduce drag. They are carnivores that prey on planktonic jelly fish.

<i>Phylliroe</i> Genus of gastropods

Phylliroe is a genus of average sized, highly transparent pelagic nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in the order Opisthobranchia, that consists of two known species. It is notable for being an open-ocean hunter that resembles a fish in body plan and locomotion, an example of convergent evolution.

<i>Boonea</i> Genus of gastropods

Boonea is a small genus of small sea snails, pyramidellid gastropod mollusks.

<i>Janthina janthina</i> Species of gastropod

Janthina janthina is a species of holoplanktonic sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Epitoniidae. Its common names include violet sea-snail, common violet snail, large violet snail and purple storm snail.

<i>Ceratostoma</i> Genus of gastropods

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<i>Janthina exigua</i> Species of gastropod

Janthina exigua, also known as the dwarf janthina, is a species of small holoplanktonic sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Epitoniidae, the violet snails or purple storm snails.

Atlanta oligogyra is a species of sea snail, a holoplanktonic marine gastropod mollusk in the family Atlantidae.

<i>Atlanta peronii</i> Species of gastropod

Atlanta peronii is a species of sea snail, a holoplanktonic marine gastropod mollusk in the family Atlantidae, as well as its typetaxon.

<i>Carinaria cristata</i> Species of gastropod

Carinaria cristata, commonly known as the glassy nautilus, is a species of pelagic marine gastropod mollusc in the family Carinariidae. It is found in the Pacific Ocean and is described as being holoplanktonic, because it spends its entire life as part of the plankton. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1767. Its fragile shell was much prized by early conchologists for their collections, being so rare that it was said to be worth more than its weight in gold.

Carinaria galea, common name the helmeted carinaria, is a species of sea snail, a marine pelagic marine gastropod mollusc in the family Carinariidae. It was first described in 1835 by William Henry Benson, an amateur malacologist in the Bengal Civil Service.

<i>Oppomorus</i> Genus of gastropods

Oppomorus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

References

  1. 1 2 "Cephalopyge". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 18 September 2024.
  2. "Cephalopyge trematoides". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 18 September 2024.
  3. 1 2 Lalli, Carol M.; Gilmer, Ronald W. (1989). Pelagic Snails: The Biology of Holoplanktonic Gastropod Mollusks. Stanford University Press. ISBN   9780804714907.
  4. Sea Slugs of Hawaii
  5. Marine species identification portal: Cephalopyge and Cephalopyge trematoides.
  6. J.E. Steinberg, The pelagic nudibranch, Cephalopyge trematoides (Chun, 1889), in New South Wales with a note on other species in this genus, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 81:184-192 (1956)
  7. G.M. Mapstone & M.N. Arai, Siphonophora (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of Canadian Pacific Waters, p.33. "The best documented predators of pelagic cnidarians from the phylum Mollusca are the neustonic nudibranchs and snails [...and] the pelagic nudibranch [...]"
  8. Orso Angulo-Campillo, Gerardo Aceves-Medina and Raymundo Avedaño-Ibarra, Holoplanktonic mollusks (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Gulf of California, México Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine