Chaetostoma, also known as the bristlemouth catfish, is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America with one species, C. fischeri, extending into Panama. Most species inhabit flowing rivers in the lower Andes and its foothills. Some species are kept in unheated aquaria.
Chaetostoma anale is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater species native to South America, where it occurs in the Orteguaza River basin, which is part of the Japurá River drainage in Colombia. The species reaches 16 cm in total length.
Chaetostoma breve is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Zamora River basin, which is part of the Marañon River drainage in Ecuador. The species is large for a loricariid, reaching 30 cm in total length.
Chaetostoma brevilabiatum is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Magdalena River and the Cimitarra River in Colombia. The species reaches 11.9 cm SL and is known from high-altitude environments.
Chaetostoma changae is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Peru. The species reaches 7.6 cm SL and its specific epithet honors Fonchii Chang, a Peruvian ichthyologist of the National University of San Marcos.
Chaetostoma thomsoni is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Magdalena River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 10.1 cm in total length. It is sometimes seen in the aquarium trade, sometimes as Chaetostoma thomasi, a name which originated as a misspelling but has become relatively widely used despite being incorrect.
Chaetostoma chimu is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Andean foothills of the Orinoco basin in Colombia. It was described in 2020 by Alexander Urbano-Bonilla and Gustavo A. Ballen on the basis of the distinctive morphology and coloration of the 119 specimens examined. FishBase does not list this species.
Chaetostoma daidalmatos is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Huallaga River basin in Peru. The species was described alongside the species Chaetostoma stroumpoulos in 2006 by Norma J. Salcedo of the College of Charleston on the basis of distinctive morphology and coloration.
Chaetostoma formosae is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Meta River and the Guaviare River in the Orinoco drainage in the departments of Meta and Casanare in Colombia. The species reaches 9.7 cm SL. This species is sometimes seen in the aquarium trade, where it is known as the rubberlip pleco or referred to by its L-number, L-444.
Chaetostoma loborhynchos is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Tambo River basin, which is part of the Ucayali River drainage in Peru. The species reaches 14.2 cm SL. It is the type species of the genus Chaetostoma.
Chaetostoma lepturum is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the San Juan River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 21.5 cm SL.
Chaetostoma leucomelas is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Patía River and the Cauca River in Colombia. The species reaches 20 cm SL.
Chaetostoma marginatum is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Bogotá River, the Chimbo River, and the San Juan River. The species reaches 19 cm SL.
Chaetostoma marmorescens is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Huallaga River basin in the Marañón River drainage in Peru. The species reaches 13.5 cm SL and reportedly inhabits high-altitude areas.
Chaetostoma milesi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Magdalena River and the Apure River. The species reaches 13 cm SL. It appears in the aquarium trade, where it is most frequently referred to as either the bulldog pleco or the rubbernose pleco.
Chaetostoma nudirostre is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Lake Valencia basin in Venezuela. The species reaches 12.6 cm in total length.
Chaetostoma spondylus is a freshwater species of catfish in the family Loricariidae and the genus Chaetostoma. It is a demersal fish with a pH range of about 6–7.1. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Chotano River, the Huancabamba River, the Sendamal River, and the Utcubamba, which are mountain tributaries of the Marañón River located at around 1500 to 2000 meters above sea level. These rivers are, by extension, part of the Amazon River basin in Peru.
Chaetostoma sovichthys is a freshwater species of catfish in the family Loricariidae and the genus Chaetostoma. It is a demersal fish native to tropical South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Motatán River and Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. It reaches 7.2 cm SL. The species reportedly prefers a pH of 6.0 to 7.0 and a temperature of 23 to 27°C.
Chaetostoma palmeri is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Tamana River basin in the San Juan River drainage in Colombia. The species reaches 9.5 cm in total length.
Chaetostoma platyrhynchus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Caquetá River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 9.5 cm in total length. The species is known to be of disputed classification and spelling.
