Chloritis minahassae

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Chloritis minahassae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group Sigmurethra
Superfamily:
Family:
Subfamily:
Genus:
Species:
C. minahassae
Binomial name
Chloritis minahassae
P. & F. Sarasin, 1899 [1]

Chloritis minahassae is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.

In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. While these definitions may seem adequate, when looked at more closely they represent problematic species concepts. For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation, in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies, and in a ring species. Also, among organisms that reproduce only asexually, the concept of a reproductive species breaks down, and each clone is potentially a microspecies.

Land snail Mollusc

A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells. However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.

Terrestrial animal animals living on land

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land, as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water, or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Terrestrial invertebratess include ants, flies, crickets, grasshoppers and spiders.

Contents

Distribution

Indonesia Sulawesi location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Mount Tongkoko, where Chloritis minahassae lives.

The type locality is the peak of the Sudara volcano, Northern Sulawesi; in German language: "Nord Celebes, Gipfel des Vulkans Sudara; Vulkan Lokon; Bone Gebirge". [2]

Sulawesi island of Indonesia

Sulawesi, formerly known as Celebes, is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. Within Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo and Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra have larger populations.

New records by Maassen (2009) [2] are from northern Sulawesi: Tangkoko Nature Reserve, moss forest at Sudara Vulcano; east Shore Lake Tondok, 12.5 km east of Kotamobagu, 00°43.44’N 124°26.40’E. [2]

Kotamobagu City

Kotamobagu is a city in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has a population of 107,459 (2010).

Shell description

The shell is small for the genus, brown, with hairs, with impressed spire, umbilicated, the ends of the peristome connected with a thin callus. [2] The width of the shell is 11–13 mm. [2]

Gastropod shell part of the body of a gastropod or snail

The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within (semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. An excellent source for terminology of the gastropod shell is "How to Know the Eastern Land Snails" by John B. Burch now freely available at the Hathi Trust Digital Library.

Spire (mollusc)

A spire is a part of the coiled shell of molluscs. The spire consists of all of the whorls except for the body whorl. Each spire whorl represents a rotation of 360°. A spire is part of the shell of a snail, a gastropod mollusc, a gastropod shell, and also the whorls of the shell in ammonites, which are fossil shelled cephalopods.

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<i>Tylomelania</i> genus of molluscs

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<i>Tylomelania neritiformis</i> species of mollusc

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<i>Tylomelania toradjarum</i> species of mollusc

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Tylomelania insulaesacrae is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania perfecta</i> species of mollusc

Tylomelania perfecta is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania celebicola</i> species of mollusc

Tylomelania celebicola is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania centaurus</i> species of mollusc

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References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference. [2]

  1. Sarasin P. & Sarasin F. (1899). "Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes". Band 2: Die Landschnecken von Celebes: I-VIII, 1-248, pls 1-31. Kreidel’s Verlag, Wiesbaden. page 199, plate 25, figs. 250-250b.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Maassen W. J. M. (2009). "Remarks on the genus Chloritis in Sulawesi, Indonesia, with the descriptions of two new species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Camaenidae)". Zoologische Mededelingen 83 HTM Archived 2014-01-16 at the Wayback Machine .