This article needs to be updated.(April 2020) |
Sigmurethra Temporal range: | |
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Various examples of Sigmurethra | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Order: | Stylommatophora |
Informal group: | Sigmurethra |
Superfamilies | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Sigmurethra is a taxonomic category of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This is an informal group which includes most land snails and slugs.
The two strong synapomorphies of Sigmurethra are a long pedal gland placed beneath a membrane and retractile tentacles. [2]
Several families in this group contain species of snails and slugs that create love darts.
Sigmurethra are known from the Cretaceous to the Recent periods. [3]
In the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005, Sigmurethra is an "Informal Group", a subsection of the Stylommatophora. [4] It consists of the following families:
Two superfamilies belongs to clade Sigmurethra, but they are not in the limacoid clade.
(Families that are exclusively fossil are indicated with a dagger †)
After excluding groups not related, the informal group Sigmurethra becomes suborder Helicina, with the following nine infraorders and a collection of families with no superfamily: [6]
Dentaliida is one of the two orders of scaphopod mollusks, commonly known as elephant's tusk shells. The order Dentaliida contains most of the larger scaphopods, and is distinguished from the other order by the shape of its shell, the shape of the foot, and the arrangement of some of their internal organs.
Stylommatophora is an order of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon includes most land snails and slugs. Stylommatophorans lack an operculum, but some close their shell apertures with temporary "operculum" (epiphragm) made of calcified mucus. They have two pairs of retractile tentacles, the upper pair of which bears eyes on the tentacle tips. All stylommatophorans are hermaphrodites.
Idiosepiidae, also known as the pygmy squids, is a family of squids in the superorder Decapodiformes. They are the smallest known squids.
Plakobranchidae is a family of sea slugs, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Plakobranchoidea. They superficially resemble nudibranchs but they are sacoglossans, members of the clade Sacoglossa within the Opisthobranchia.
Roblinella is a monotypic genus of small land snails in the family Charopidae. The sole species is Roblinella roblini, also known as Roblin's pinwheel snail. It is endemic to Tasmania.
Pterygioteuthis is a genus of squid in the family Pyroteuthidae. Members are differentiated from the genus Pyroteuthis due to size and head shape. The genus is characterised by the presence of a lidded photophore over each eye.
Lanascalidae is an extinct family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs.
Speightiidae is an extinct taxonomic family of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family is not assigned to a superfamily. It has been traditionally classified near the family Turridae. But in 1993 it was shown that many, if not all, species that were placed in this family should instead be placed in the family Fasciolariidae.
Amphidromus coeruleus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.
Antillipecten is a monotypic genus of bivalves in the family Pectinidae. The only species is Antillipecten antillarum, also known as the Antillean scallop. It can be found in Caribbean waters, ranging from southern Florida to the West Indies and Bermuda.
Calliostoma tsuchiyai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.
Calliobasis festiva is a species of small deep water sea snail in the family Seguenziidae.
Occidenthella is a genus of sea slugs, specifically aeolid nudibranchs, in the family Flabellinidae. The only described species is Occidenthella athadona, a combination named in 2017. It was originally described as Coryphella athadona in 1875. The genus name Occidenthella, from occidens, meaning "west" in Latin, refers to its distribution in the Western Pacific Ocean.
After excluding groups not related, the informal group Sigmurethra has become the suborder Helicina, with the following infraorders and a collection of families with no superfamily:
Coronium petalos is a species of sea snail in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Rokopella goesi is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc.
Rokopella segonzaci is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc.
Amonovula is a monotypic genus of marine gastropod molluscs in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries
Hemisinidae is a family of snails in the superfamily Cerithioidea. They occur in freshwater and brackish environments on all continents except Australia and Antarctica.
Lirophora paphia, also known as the king venus, is a species of bivalve belonging to the family Veneridae. The species is found in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.