Christine Maxwell

Last updated
Christine Maxwell
Born (1950-08-16) 16 August 1950 (age 73)
NationalityBritish
CitizenshipUnited States
France
Education Pitzer College
Oxford Brookes University
University of Texas at Dallas
Known forInformation technology
Spouse
(m. 1986)
Children3
Parents
Relatives Isabel Maxwell (twin sister)
Ghislaine Maxwell (sister)
Kevin Maxwell (brother)
Ian Maxwell (brother)

Christine Yvonne Malina-Maxwell (born 16 August 1950) is a British Internet content pioneer and educator. She is the creator and co-founder of Magellan, co-founder of the software company Chiliad and the author of several books. She was the Program Manager of Learning Technologies at the University of Texas at Dallas.

Contents

Early life and education

Christine Maxwell was born in Maisons Laffitte, France, on August 16, 1950. [1] She is the daughter of Elisabeth Maxwell, a French-born Holocaust scholar, and Robert Maxwell, a Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor. Her father was Jewish and her mother was of Huguenot descent. One of nine children, siblings include her twin sister Isabel Maxwell, brothers Kevin Maxwell and Ian Maxwell, and Ghislaine Maxwell. Her mother stated that all of her children were brought up Anglican. [2] From 1960, her family resided at Headington Hill Hall, where the offices to Robert Maxwell's Pergamon Press were located.

After attending senior school at Milham Ford School in Oxford, England, in 1969, she entered Pitzer College, Claremont, California, from which she received the degree of Bachelor of Arts with a major in Latin American Studies and Sociology in May 1972.

In September 1973, Maxwell entered Lady Spencer Churchill College of Education (now part of Oxford Brookes University). She graduated in June 1974 with a Post-Graduate Teaching Certificate. Maxwell later earned a master's degree in Interdisciplinary Studies from the University of Texas at Dallas.

Career

Maxwell was an editor for Pergamon Press Publishers, in the early 1970s.

According to Tatler , Maxwell spent most of the 1970s and 1980s working for her father, which included running the West Coast office of Pergamon Press and involvement in one of his software acquisitions. [3]

From September 1974 to June 1976, Maxwell worked as a middle-school teacher at Shepherd's Hill Middle School in Blackbird Leys, Oxford.

In the late 1970s, she became a school editor for A. Wheaton & Company in Exeter, England. Maxwell is the author of The Pergamon Dictionary of Perfect Spelling, [4] first published by Pergamon Press Ltd. in 1977. The book became an international bestseller, proving valuable for dyslexic learners. [5] Maxwell rewrote and updated the book in 2005. [6] Her book has been republished several times: in 2005 under the title Dictionary of Perfect Spelling by Barrington Stoke Publishers, in 2007 under the title Spell it Right by Berlitz, and most recently as the School Spelling Dictionary in 2012 by Barrington Stoke.

Information technology

Maxwell became a resident of the San Francisco Bay Area in 1979. [7]

In 1982, Maxwell acquired Information on Demand, one of the earliest information brokers, which was later renamed Research on Demand. [3]

Maxwell is the creator and co-founder of Magellan, one of the first professionally curated online search/reference guides to Internet content. [7] [8] In 1992, she created and co-authored one of the first hard-copy reference guides to the Internet: New Riders Official Internet Yellow Pages [9] and The McKinley Internet Yellow Pages; [10] both published by Macmillan Publishers in 1994 and 1995 respectively.

After Magellan was acquired by competing search engine Excite, in 1996, [11] she co-founded Chiliad: [12] a software company involved in the advance of on-demand, massively scalable, intelligent mining of structured and unstructured data through the use of natural language search technologies. The firm's software was behind the data search technology used by the FBI's counterterrorism data warehouse. [13] As of August 2019, Maxwell served as the board director of Chiliad, Inc. [5]

She is the Program Manager of Learning Technologies at The University of Texas at Dallas [14] where she is also involved in Special Projects for Information Resources. [5]

Maxwell is a former Trustee for Vint Cerf's Internet Society [15] and The Santa Fe Institute. [16]

She serves on the boards of the International Center for Disability Resources on the Internet [17] and Leonardo/OLATS. [18]

In 2011, she was appointed an IPv6 Fellow [19] of the Internet Protocol version 6 Forum in recognition of her contributions to support the promotion, deployment, and technology advantages of version 6 around the world.

Other activities

Maxwell was appointed director of The Environment4Change Foundation, a London-based environmental consulting organization, in June 2019. [20]

Personal life

In June 1986, she married physicist and educator Roger Malina of Berkeley, California. [21] Maxwell and Malina have three children. [21] Maxwell has a second residence in France in Meyreuil, a village near Aix-en-Provence. [22]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Internet</span> Global system of connected computer networks

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and file sharing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Internet Engineering Task Force</span> Open Internet standards organization

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet and is responsible for the technical standards that make up the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Vixie</span> American internet pioneer

Paul Vixie is an American computer scientist whose technical contributions include Domain Name System (DNS) protocol design and procedure, mechanisms to achieve operational robustness of DNS implementations, and significant contributions to open source software principles and methodology. He also created and launched the first successful commercial anti-spam service. He authored the standard UNIX system programs SENDS, proxynet, rtty and Vixie cron. At one point he ran his own consulting business, Vixie Enterprises. In 2002, Vixie held the record for "most CERT advisories due to a single author".

The Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) is a network protocol based on the Internet protocol suite for advertisement and discovery of network services and presence information. It accomplishes this without assistance of server-based configuration mechanisms, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) or Domain Name System (DNS), and without special static configuration of a network host. SSDP is the basis of the discovery protocol of Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) and is intended for use in residential or small office environments. It was formally described in an IETF Internet Draft by Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard in 1999. Although the IETF proposal has since expired, SSDP was incorporated into the UPnP protocol stack, and a description of the final implementation is included in UPnP standards documents.

The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) is "a committee of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and an advisory body of the Internet Society (ISOC). Its responsibilities include architectural oversight of IETF activities, Internet Standards Process oversight and appeal, and the appointment of the Request for Comments (RFC) Editor. The IAB is also responsible for the management of the IETF protocol parameter registries."

Software art is a work of art where the creation of software, or concepts from software, play an important role; for example software applications which were created by artists and which were intended as artworks. As an artistic discipline software art has attained growing attention since the late 1990s. It is closely related to Internet art since it often relies on the Internet, most notably the World Wide Web, for dissemination and critical discussion of the works. Art festivals such as FILE Electronic Language International Festival, Transmediale (Berlin), Prix Ars Electronica (Linz) and readme have devoted considerable attention to the medium and through this have helped to bring software art to a wider audience of theorists and academics.

In computer networking, Teredo is a transition technology that gives full IPv6 connectivity for IPv6-capable hosts that are on the IPv4 Internet but have no native connection to an IPv6 network. Unlike similar protocols such as 6to4, it can perform its function even from behind network address translation (NAT) devices such as home routers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Maxwell</span> Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor, fraudster, and MP (1923–1991)

Ian Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor, politician, fraudster, and the father of the convicted sex offender Ghislaine Maxwell.

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Ian Maxwell is a British businessman and co-founder of the think tank Combating Jihadist Terrorism. In the 1990s, Maxwell was acquitted of charges of criminal financial malpractice relating to the business practices of his father, publishing tycoon Robert Maxwell.

The deployment of IPv6, the latest version of the Internet Protocol (IP), has been in progress since the mid-2000s. IPv6 was designed as the successor protocol for IPv4 with an expanded addressing space. IPv4, which has been in use since 1982, is in the final stages of exhausting its unallocated address space, but still carries most Internet traffic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorcas Muthoni</span> Kenyan computer engineer and businesswoman

Dorcas Muthoni is a Kenyan entrepreneur, computer scientist and founder of OPENWORLD LTD, a software consulting company she started at the age of 24. Through her work as an entrepreneur and computer scientist, Muthoni seeks to see technology positively transforming the lives of the African society, governments and enterprises.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghislaine Maxwell</span> British sex trafficker and former socialite (born 1961)

Ghislaine Noelle Marion Maxwell is a British former socialite and convicted sex offender. In 2021, she was found guilty of child sex trafficking and other offences in connection with the deceased financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. In June 2022, she was sentenced in a New York court to twenty years' imprisonment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roger Malina</span> American physicist and astronomer

Roger Malina is an American physicist, astronomer, Executive Editor of Leonardo Publications by Leonardo, the International Society of Arts, Sciences and Technology and distinguished professor of arts and technology, and professor of physics at the University of Texas at Dallas.

Isabel Sylvia Margaret Maxwell is a French-born entrepreneur and the co-founder of Magellan, an early search engine that was acquired by Excite. Maxwell has been listed as a Technology Pioneer of the World Economic Forum, She served as the President of Commtouch, an Israeli internet company that became CYREN. She was a Director of Israel Venture Network and built up their Social Entrepreneur program in Israel from 2004–2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elisabeth Maxwell</span> Anglo-French historical researcher (1921-2013)

Elisabeth Jenny Jeanne Maxwell was a French-born researcher of the Holocaust who established the journal Holocaust and Genocide Studies in 1987. She was married to publishing tycoon Robert Maxwell from 1945 until his death in 1991 when the family soon came under scrutiny for his business dealings, especially his responsibility for the Mirror Group pension scandal. Later in life, she was recognized for her work as a proponent of Interfaith dialogue and received several awards including an honorary fellowship from the Woolf Institute at Cambridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The TerraMar Project</span> Environmental organization (2012–2019)

The TerraMar Project was a self-described environmental nonprofit organization. It was founded in 2012 in the United States by convicted sex offender Ghislaine Maxwell. A sister organisation in the United Kingdom was incorporated in 2013. TerraMar (U.S.) announced its closure on 12 July 2019. This was shortly after New York federal prosecutors arrested Maxwell's behind the scenes Boss Jeffrey Epstein. Epstein was a financier who was being charged with sex trafficking crimes for a second time. TerraMar (UK) was officially dissolved on 3 December 2019.

Maria K. Farmer is an American visual artist known for providing the first criminal complaint to law enforcement, to the New York City Police Department and to the FBI, in 1996 about the conduct of financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Farmer, a figurative painter, had described her and her sister Annie's experiences of sexual misconduct from Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell to a journalist at Vanity Fair in 2002 but the publication refrained from including it in their accounts.

Anna Pasternak is an international best-selling British author of books and articles as well as being a frequent commentator on television and radio. Her work features regularly in just about every British national newspaper including The Sunday Times, The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail as well as in magazines such as Vanity Fair, Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar, and Tatler.

References

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  2. McFerran, Ann (April 11, 2004). "Relative Values: Elisabeth Maxwell, the widow of Robert Maxwell, and their daughter Isabel". The Sunday Times. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  3. 1 2 Willis, Tim (April 2000). "Tatler Archive: The return of the Maxwells, as Ghislaine is finally found". Tatler. Archived from the original on 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2020-07-14.
  4. The Pergamon Dictionary of Perfect Spelling by Christine Maxwell, "http://www.worldcat.org/title/pergamon-oxford-dictionary-of-perfect-spelling/oclc/630918434/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true"
  5. 1 2 3 Wise, Kathy (2019-08-20). "Jeffrey Epstein Conspiracy Theories and Ghislaine Maxwell's Dallas Family Tree". D Magazine. Archived from the original on 2019-08-20. Retrieved 2020-07-15.
  6. Smithers, Rebecca (2005-06-23). "'I am not a Maxwell'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2014-09-19. Retrieved 2020-07-15.
  7. 1 2 Abate, Tom (1995-08-14). "Serving up the web". SFGate. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2020-07-14.
  8. OnTheInternet: International Electronic Publication of the Internet Society, "http://www.isoc.org/oti/articles/0998/stokes.html" Archived 2012-09-25 at the Wayback Machine - September/October 1998. Maxwell's Silver Hammer: The Irresistable[ sic ], Irrepressible Christine Maxwell...an Interview with ISOC's VP of Membership by Mark Stokes
  9. "New Riders' official Internet yellow pages" by Christine Maxwell, Czeslaw Jan Grycz. New Riders Publishing, 1994.
  10. "New Riders Official Internet Yellow Pages, 1996"
  11. Internet Search Engine Companies Merging, "http://www.djc.com/news/tech/10011783.html", Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce - July 1, 1996.
  12. Company Overview of Chiliad, Inc., Bloomberg Businessweek.
  13. Data Search Technology Used by FBI Makes Its Way to Enterprises by Brian Prince, posted 2009-04-29 in "eWeek"
  14. The University of Texas at Dallas staff directory, "http://www.utdallas.edu/directory"
  15. Internet Society, 2002 Board of Trustees Election - Election Results, "http://www.internetsociety.org/who-we-are/board-trustees/trustee-elections/2002/results" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  16. Santa Fe Institute, 1993 Annual report on scientific programs: A broad research program on the sciences of complexity, "http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/41287"
  17. International Center for Disability Resources on the Internet, "http://www.icdri.org/about_us.htm"
  18. Christine Maxwell, Leonardo/ISAST Advisory Board Member, "http://leonardo.info/rolodex/maxwell.christine.html"
  19. "IPv6 Forum Fellows, IPv6 Forum Awards", archived from the original on 2020-08-29
  20. "THE ENVIRONMENT4CHANGE FOUNDATION - Officers". Companies House. Archived from the original on 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2020-07-15.
  21. 1 2 APOTHÉLOZ, Christian. "Elisabeth Jeanne Meynard Betty: Family Tree". Geneanet. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  22. Briquelet, Kate; Cartwright, Lachlan; Kennedy, Dana; Ross, Jamie; Frias, Jordan (August 15, 2019). "Jeffrey Epstein's 'Madam' Ghislaine Maxwell Spotted at In-N-Out Burger". The Daily Beast. Retrieved August 16, 2019.