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Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium widely distributed in nature. It may be normally present in fish and frogs; it may be isolated from chronic infectious states, as in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients. In 1959, American bacteriologist Elizabeth O. King was studying unclassified bacteria associated with pediatric meningitis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, when she isolated an organism that she named Flavobacterium meningosepticum. In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus Chryseobacterium and renamed Chryseobacterium meningosepticum(chryseos = "golden" in Greek, so Chryseobacterium means a golden/yellow rod similar to Flavobacterium). In 2005, a 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree of Chryseobacteria showed that C. meningosepticum along with C. miricola were close to each other but outside the tree of the rest of the Chryseobacteria and were then placed in a new genus Elizabethkingia named after the original discoverer of F. meningosepticum.
The class Flavobacteriia is composed of a single order of environmental bacteria. According to Bernardet et al., Flavobacteriia are Gram-negative aerobic rods, 2–5 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide, with rounded or tapered ends that are motile by gliding, yellow colonies on agar, decompose several polysaccharides but not cellulose, G+C contents of 32–37%, and are widely distributed in soil and fresh and seawater habitats. In particular, Flavobacteriia are prominent members of marine biofilms. The type species Flavobacterium aquatile was isolated from a well in Kent, England.
Coenonia is a genus of bacteria. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known: Coenonia anatina.
Chryseobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. Chryseobacterium species are chemoorganotrophic, rod shape gram-negative bacteria. Chryseobacterium form typical yellow-orange color colonies due to flexirubin-type pigment. The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine fish, and human hosts.
Chryseobacterium bovis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile bacteria from the genus of Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from raw cow milk in Israel.
Cupriavidus gilardii is a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, oxidase-positive bacterium from the genus Cupriavidus and the family Burkholderiaceae. It is motil by a single polar flagellum. It is named after G. L. Gilardi, an American microbiologist. The organism was initially identified as Ralstonia gilardii in 1999, renamed Wautersiella gilardii, and most recently moved into the genus Cupriavidus after 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed it to be most closely related to Cupriavidus necator. Notably, species of this genus are not inhibited by copper due to the production of chelation factors, and may actually be stimulated by the presence of copper.
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Chryseobacterium piscium is a bacterium from the genus of Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from a fish from the South Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South Africa
Chryseobacterium vrystaatense is a Gram-negative bacteria from the genus of Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from a raw chicken from a chicken processing plant in Vrystaat in South Africa.
Chryseobacterium balustinum is a bacterium from the genus of Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from blood from a fish in Lausanne in Switzerland.
Tenacibaculum is a Gram-negative and motile bacterial genus from the family of Flavobacteriaceae.
Globicatella sulfidifaciens is a Gram-positive bacteria from the family of Globicatella which has been isolated from the lungs of cattles and lambs in Belgium. Globicatella sulfidifaciens bacteria are against the antibiotics neomycin, erythromycin and clindamycin resistant.
References
- 1 2 LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de
- ↑ Straininfo of Chryseobacterium scophthalmum
- 1 2 UniProt
- ↑ Nicky B, Buller (2014). Bacteria and fungi from fish and other aquatic animals ... [S.l.]: CABI. ISBN 978-1-84593-805-5.
- ↑ Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen
- ↑ Mudarris, M; Austin, B; Segers, P; Vancanneyt, M; Hoste, B; Bernardet, JF (July 1994). "Flavobacterium scophthalmum sp. nov., a pathogen of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 44 (3): 447–53. doi: 10.1099/00207713-44-3-447 . PMID 8068540.
- ↑ Austin, B. Austin, D. A. (2012). Bacterial fish pathogens (5th ed.). Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 978-94-007-4884-2.