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Church of Saint Mark | |
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44°56′51″N93°11′04″W / 44.94750°N 93.18444°W | |
Location | 2001 Dayton Ave, Saint Paul, Minnesota |
Country | United States |
Denomination | Roman Catholic |
Website | https://www.onestrongfamily.org |
History | |
Status | Parish |
Founded | 1889 |
Consecrated | August 10, 1919 |
Architecture | |
Functional status | Active |
Architect(s) | John T. Comes |
Style | Gothic Revival, English Gothic |
Years built | 1918–1919 |
Specifications | |
Height | 150 feet (46 m) |
Administration | |
Diocese | Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis |
Clergy | |
Archbishop | Bernard Hebda |
The Church of Saint Mark is a Roman Catholic church in the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is a parish church of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, encompassing the Merriam Park neighborhood of Saint Paul. It is named for Saint Mark, one of the Four Evangelists of the New Testament. In addition to the building's unique architecture and long-standing local prominence, the church is notable for being the birthplace of Catholic scouting in the United States, as it is home to the first and oldest Catholic Boy Scouts of America troop in the United States, dating back over 100 years. Since 2010, the parish has been administered by the religious order Pro Ecclesia Sancta, a religious congregation consisting both of priests and religious sisters, both of which are present and minister at the parish.
The Catholic presence in the Saint Paul area reaches back extensively, to the establishment in 1839 of Saint Peter's Catholic Church on a strip of nearby land overlooking the Mississippi River that eventually became what is now the city of Mendota Heights. Bishop Mathias Loras, then the Bishop of Dubuque, who at the time had episcopal jurisdiction over Minnesota, visited Saint Peter's and the frontier Fort Snelling on missionary visits in 1839 and 1847. [1] As families continued to settle the area of the confluence of the Mississippi and the Minnesota River, the availability of Catholic sacraments for both Catholic settlers and those living at the Fort Snelling became a consideration. Permanently settled, what is now municipally Saint Paul was still disparate and rural, and the modern-day Merriam Park neighborhood (in which the church is located) was still a separate village from city of Saint Paul. Following the completion of the short-line railroad between Saint Paul and Minneapolis, and the continued growth of families and industries in the area, the village was incorporated into the burgeoning City of Saint Paul in 1885. Originally, there was initial consideration to build an archdiocesan cathedral in the Merriam Park neighborhhod. [2] After a brief period this course of action was abandoned, however, since it was deemed unfitting to have a cathedral in what was still considered a "country" area at the time, thus leading to the final location of the current Cathedral of Saint Paul. Although Catholic religious services in Merriam Park date back to 1877, when diocesan priests provided sacraments for families and religious brothers of the Franciscan Third Order (who operated a school there), a more permanent church presence separate from the local seminary was still needed in Merriam Park. Archbishop John Ireland, on a 1888 visit to the seminary during student exams,
"was visited by several residents of Merriam Park and vicinity in reference to the building of a church, the neighborhood having no place to worship thus far except the Seminary Chapel, which is not suited to their needs." [3]
In response, the decision was made in 1889 to erect a parish, which is now the Church of Saint Mark.
In September 1910, the pastor at the time, the Rev. Father William L. Hart, founded a Boy Scouts troop as part of the parish, exclusively for the boys who were members of the parish. This troop - the "George Washington Troop" - was not only the first Boy Scout troop in Saint Paul, [4] but also the first Boy Scout troop of its kind in the country at the time (being a parish-based troop), [5] bearing the distinction of being the first Catholic Boy Scout troop in the United States, and the birthplace of Catholic Scouting as a subset of the broader Scouting Movement. Father Hart would later serve as a chaplain with the US Army in World War I, where he would be mentioned in dispatches for heroism in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. [6] [7]
The parish had originally approached the architect Emmanuel Masqueray, who had also designed the Cathedral of Saint Paul and several other regional churches, to design the new church building. However, Masqueray died before a contract could be finalized. Work eventually went to the Pittsburgh-based architect John T. Comes, who created a design based on a pared-down English Gothic style.
The exterior of the church building consists of red bricks and large blocks of gray stone. Large windows are found both along the trancepts and in the front and rear walls, with pointed arches set at wider angles than typical gothic arches (which normally rise to a more dramatic and sharp apex). Stone steps lead up to the main doors of the church, an entrance set within a similarly gentle gothic arch entry, topped with a statue of the Christ the Teacher. Atop the east narthex doors, a statue of the titular evangelist Saint Mark rests on a pediment above the entrance. A predominantly notable feature of the exterior is its unique six-sided, sharp needle-like spire that rises up from the tower over the sanctuary end of the church, topped with an oxidized copper cross.
The main sanctuary of the church is notable for its large ornate reredos altarpiece of dark-stained wood, with various gilt carved trim motifs. A particular and unique feature of the reredos is the inlcusion of several carved squirrels along each side of the reredos, with each squirrel holding an acorn. This is extraordinarily rare; the squirrel is not a common symbol in the tradition of Catholic sacred art, and thus is rarely, if ever, depicted throughout the history of Christian sacred art. The symbolism of the squirrels, and what they represent on the altarpiece, remains unknown.
An altarpiece is an work of art in painting, sculpture or relief representing a religious subject made for placing at the back of or behind the altar of a Christian church. Though most commonly used for a single work of art such as a painting or sculpture, or a set of them, the word can also be used of the whole ensemble behind an altar, otherwise known as a reredos, including what is often an elaborate frame for the central image or images. Altarpieces were one of the most important products of Christian art especially from the late Middle Ages to the era of Baroque painting.
The Cathedral of Saint Paul is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is the co-cathedral of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, along with the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis. One of the most distinctive cathedrals in the United States, it sits on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown Saint Paul and features a distinctive copper-clad dome. It is dedicated to Paul the Apostle, who is also the namesake of the City of Saint Paul. The current building opened in 1915 as the fourth cathedral of the archdiocese to bear this name. On March 25, 2009, it was designated as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. It is the third-largest Catholic cathedral and sixth-largest church in the United States.
John Ireland was an American religious leader who was the third Roman Catholic bishop and first Roman Catholic archbishop of Saint Paul, Minnesota (1888–1918). He became both a religious as well as civic leader in Saint Paul during the turn of the 20th century. Ireland was known for his progressive stance on education, immigration and relations between church and state, as well as his opposition to saloons, alcoholism, political machines, and political corruption.
The Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in the United States. It is led by an archbishop who administers the archdiocese from the cities of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. The archbishop has both a cathedral and co-cathedral: the mother church – the Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul, and the co-cathedral, the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis.
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Emmanuel Louis Masqueray (1861–1917) was a Franco-American preeminent figure in the history of American architecture, both as a gifted designer of landmark buildings and as an influential teacher of the profession of architecture dedicated to the principles of Beaux-Arts architecture.
John Francis Kinney was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the ninth bishop of the Diocese of St. Cloud in Minnesota from 1995 to 2013.
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The metropolitan city of Kraków, former capital of Poland, is known as the city of churches. The abundance of landmark, historic Roman Catholic churches along with the plenitude of monasteries and convents earned the city a countrywide reputation as the "Northern Rome" in the past. The churches of Kraków comprise over 120 Roman Catholic places of worship, of which over 60 were built in the 20th century. They remain the centers of religious life for the local population and are attended regularly, while some are often crowded on Sundays.
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The Cathedral of Saint Mary and Saint Anne, also known as Saint Mary's Cathedral, The North Cathedral or The North Chapel, is a Roman Catholic cathedral located at the top of Shandon Street in Cork, Ireland. It is the seat of the Bishop of Cork and Ross, and the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cork and Ross. Its name derived from the fact that it encompassed the ecclesiastical parish of St. Mary and the civil parish of St. Anne.
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