Church of San Cipriano, Toledo

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San Cipriano, Toledo Iglesia de San Cipriano, Toledo 001.JPG
San Cipriano, Toledo

The Church of San Cipriano is a church located in Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. The medieval building was rebuilt in the 17th century apart from the tower.

Toledo, Spain City in Castile–La Mancha, Spain

Toledo is a city and municipality located in central Spain; it is the capital of the province of Toledo and the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 for its extensive monumental and cultural heritage.

Spain Kingdom in Southwest Europe

Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.

Contents

History

In 1125 (40 years after the Reconquista) it was cited as a parish following the Latin Rite (rather than the Mozarabic one). It is thought that the building could have originally been a mosque, [1] based upon its layout and a preceding courtyard, which was later used as a cemetery.

<i>Reconquista</i> Medieval Christian extended conquest of Muslim areas in the Iberian Peninsula

The Reconquista was the period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492. The completed conquest of Granada was the context of the Spanish voyages of discovery and conquest, and the Americas—the "New World"—ushered in the era of the Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires.

Mozarabic Rite liturgical rite of the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Church in Spain and Portugal

The Mozarabic Rite, also called the Visigothic Rite or the Hispanic Rite, is a liturgical rite of the Latin Church once used generally in the Iberian Peninsula (Hispania), in what is now Spain and Portugal. While the liturgy is often called 'Mozarabic' after the Christian communities that lived under Muslim rulers in Al-Andalus that preserved its use, the rite itself developed before and during the Visigothic period. After experiencing a period of decline during the Reconquista, when it was superseded by the Roman Rite in the Christian states of Iberia as part of a wider programme of liturgical standardization within the Catholic Church, efforts were taken in the 16th century to revive the rite and ensure its continued presence in the city of Toledo, where it is still performed today.

Mosque Place of worship for followers of Islam

A mosque is a place of worship for Muslims. Any act of worship that follows the Islamic rules of prayer can be said to create a mosque, whether or not it takes place in a special building. Informal and open-air places of worship are called musalla, while mosques used for communal prayer on Fridays are known as jāmiʿ. Mosque buildings typically contain an ornamental niche (mihrab) set into the wall that indicates the direction of Mecca (qiblah), ablution facilities and minarets from which calls to prayer are issued. The pulpit (minbar), from which the Friday sermon (khutba) is delivered, was in earlier times characteristic of the central city mosque, but has since become common in smaller mosques. Mosques typically have segregated spaces for men and women. This basic pattern of organization has assumed different forms depending on the region, period and denomination.

One of the first churches in Toledo, it retains a tower of Umayyad architecture. It has a square base and a masonry body a pointed round arch on each side of the tower, framed with a Moorish panel, and brickwork for the corners and rows. When the church was rebuilt the free-standing tower was incorporated in the building. [2]

Umayyad architecture

Umayyad architecture developed in the Umayyad Caliphate between 661 and 750, primarily in its heartlands of Syria and Palestine. It drew extensively on the architecture of other Middle Eastern civilizations and that of the Byzantine Empire, but introduced innovations in decoration and new types of building such as mosques with mihrab's and minarets.

Between 1612 and 1613, the church was rebuilt by Juan Bautista Monegro, based upon the design by Juan de Orduña and at the expense of Don Carlos Venero y Leyba, canon of Toledo.[ citation needed ] The original building, in bad disrepair, was razed, except for the medieval tower, which was not attached to the church building. [2] The new building is larger, with a longer main chapel, the addition of two sacristy rooms. The city gave Don Carlos Venero an alley that was attached to the main chapel. Two chapels were opened at the beginning of the nave. The one on the side of the epistle has a private sacristy. In 1662, a room dedicated to Virgin of Hope of Macarena was built off the main chapel. It had retablos, ornaments and rent for its chaplains.

Juan de Orduña Spanish film director

Juan de Orduña y Fernández-Shaw was a Spanish film director, screenwriter and actor.

Sacristy part of a church

A sacristy is a room for keeping vestments and other church furnishings, sacred vessels, and parish records. In some countries, it is known as the vestry.

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References

  1. ↑ abc (newspaper). "The ten lesser known churches of Toledo".
  2. 1 2 "The Tower of San Cipriano". Patronato Municipal de Turismo. Ayuntamiento de Toledo. Retrieved March 1, 2017.

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