![]() | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations .(October 2018) |
Citroën Type B12 10CV | |
---|---|
![]() Citroën B12 with "Torpedo" bodywork | |
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Citroën |
Production | 1925–1927 38,381 produced |
Body and chassis | |
Body style | "Torpedo" "Conduite Intérieure" (saloon/sedan) Cabriolet Torpédo commercial Coupé de ville |
Layout | FR layout |
Powertrain | |
Engine | Petrol/gasoline: 1,452cc Straight-4 |
Transmission | 3-speed manual |
Dimensions | |
Wheelbase | 2,830 millimetres (111.4 in) |
Length | 4,000 millimetres (157 in) |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | Citroën Type B10 |
Successor | Citroën Type B14 |
The Citroën B12 is an automobile produced by Citroën at André Citroën's factory in central Paris, and available for public sale between October 1925 and January 1927[ citation needed ]. 38,381 were produced.
Major competitors included the Peugeot 177 and the Renault KZ.
The B12 was manufactured using modern mass production technologies which in France at the time, were still unique to Citroën. It also used "all-steel" ("tout-acier") bodies for its two most popular body types.
First displayed at the Paris Motor Show in October 1925, the Citroën B12 shared its chassis and engine with the B10, which it replaced.
The size of the 4-cylinder engine remained at 1,452 cc, and as with the earlier model, the B12 was sometimes known as the Citroën 10HP (or 10CV), the HP in the suffix being a reference to its fiscal horsepower, a number computed according to the cylinder diameters and used to define its taxation class.
A range of body types was listed, although most of the cars came with "Torpedo" type or "Conduite Intérieure" (two-box saloon/sedan) bodies. Other body types listed were a cabriolet, a "Torpédo commercial" and something called a "Normande".
The B10 had been the manufacturer's (and Europe's) first production car comprising an all-steel body. Its replacement -- the B12 -- was the second. This approach garnered much positive reaction in an age that valued innovation, but the B10 itself had forced the manufacturer onto a very steep learning curve, which unfortunately had been shared by customers. The B10 had been insufficiently rigid. Once the car got moving, the body had twisted and flexed, causing sections of bodywork to become detached and doors to open spontaneously. The B10 had inherited its chassis from the B2, but it was quickly apparent that a stronger and stiffer chassis would be needed to complement the necessary rigidity of an all-steel car body.
The "Type B12" came with a newly reinforced chassis which addressed the rigidity issues, but the car was nevertheless significantly heavier. With the engine still offering the same 20 HP of horsepower as before, the manufacturer's listed top speed was now 70 km/h (44 mph) as against the 72 km/h (45 mph) claimed four years earlier for the "Type B2". (Actual top speed would no doubt have varied according to the body type specified, weather conditions, and the weight of the passengers and their luggage.)
The popular "Torpedo" type and "Conduite Intérieure" (two-box saloon/sedan) cars were the only ones featuring the much vaunted "all-steel" bodies in full. The others used a combination of old and new body structures, which removed the need to tool up dies for stamping out the relatively small numbers of panels needed for the less ubiquitous body types.
Criticism of the B10's brakes was addressed with the "Type B12" which incorporated a new system of drum brakes that now worked on all four wheels. (On the earlier car the front wheels had been unbraked.) There was also a new semi-elliptical leaf spring arrangement at the front.
Like the "Type B10", the "Citroën Type B12" was in effect a one-year model. Partly because of the challenges with the new body making techniques, only 17,259 B10s had been manufactured. For the 1926 model year, the B12 more than doubled than figure, with 38,381 cars produced.
The successor model, the "Citroën Type B14", was formally released at the Paris Motor Show in October 1926 (although it would be 1927 before the last of the B12s found customers).
The car, like its three predecessors, was a 10 HP (10 CV).
Berliet was a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military vehicles among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it was put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by Renault in 1974 and merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks company in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.
The Nissan Sunny is an automobile built by the Japanese automaker Nissan from 1966 till 2004. In the early 1980s, the brand changed from Datsun to Nissan in line with other models by the company. Although production of the Sunny in Japan ended in 2004, the name remains in use in China and GCC countries for a rebadged version of the Nissan Almera.
Alpina Burkard Bovensiepen GmbH & Co. KG is an automobile manufacturing company based in Buchloe, in the Ostallgäu district of Bavaria, Germany that develops and sells high-performance versions of BMW cars. Alpina works closely with BMW and their processes are integrated into BMW's production lines, and is recognized by the German Ministry of Transport as an automobile manufacturer, in contrast to other performance specialists, which are aftermarket tuners. The Alpina B7 is produced at the same assembly line in Dingolfing, Germany, as BMW's own 7 Series. The B7's twin-turbo 4.4-litre V8 is assembled by hand at Alpina's facility in Buchloe, Germany, before being shipped to BMW for installation, and the assembled vehicle is then sent back to Alpina for finishing touches.
The Citroën Type A was produced from June 1919 to December 1921 in Paris, France. It was the first car Citroën made. 24,093 were built.
The Fiat 518, also called Fiat Ardita, was a model of car produced by Italian car manufacturer Fiat between 1933 and 1938. The name "Ardita" was also used on the six-cylinder engined and more expensive Fiat Ardita 2500 or 527.
The Citroën Type C was a light car made by the French Citroën car company between 1922 and 1926 with almost 81,000 units being made. Known as Citroën 5HP or 5CV in France and 7.5HP in Britain, it was the second model of automobile designed and marketed by André Citroën, between 1922 and 1926. It followed the 10HP "Type A " (1919), then 10HP "B2" (1921); they were the first European mass-produced cars.
Buchet was a French motorcycle and automobile manufacturer between 1899 and 1930.
The Peugeot 402 is a large family car produced by Peugeot in Sochaux, France, from 1935 to 1942. It was unveiled at the Paris Motor Show in 1935, replacing the Peugeot 401.
The Panhard 24 is a compact two-door coupé automobile produced between 1964 and 1967 by French manufacturer Panhard. It was powered by a front-mounted air-cooled two-cylinder boxer motor: the basic design of this unconventional engine dated back to the 1940s. In 1965, a lengthened Panhard 24 was launched and promoted as a two-door four- or five-seat saloon. Plans for a four-door version which might have enabled the car more effectively to replace the commercially successful Panhard PL 17 saloon were never implemented, however.
Charron was a French automobile manufacturer, based in the Paris conurbation, and active between 1906 and 1930.
The Benz 10/25 PS was a midsize automobile introduced by Benz & Cie in 1912. The same year stated maximum output was increased which meant a name change to Benz 10/30 PS. The model disappeared for three years following the First World War but returned in 1921. A further power increase in 1926 meant another name change, now to Benz 10/35 PS. Following the "fusion" between the Daimler and Benz companies, production of the Benz 10/35 PS ended in 1927.
The Berliet Dauphine is a family car produced by Berliet at their Vénissieux plant on the south side of Lyon between summer 1934 and 1939. The original cars had a 1990cc engine placing them in the 11CV car tax band, but this was quickly joined by a 1,600cc (9CV) version, and at one stage a 14CV powered version was advertised as available “sur commande”.
SA des Anciens Établissements Secqueville-Hoyau was a French automobile producer between 1919 and 1924. The factory was established in what was then a small town, a short distance to the north-west of Paris, called Gennevilliers.
The Citroën B2 is the second model produced by Citroën. It is therefore the second European car to have been constructed according to modern mass production technologies. It was produced at André Citroën's factory in central Paris between May 1921 and July 1926.
The Citroën B10 is an automobile produced by Citroën at André Citroën's factory in central Paris between 1924 and 1925.
The Nervastella is a large automobile constructed by Renault between 1930 and 1937. It was used as a state car and pictures of the president of the French Republic sitting in a Nervastella can therefore be seen in newsreels from the mid-1930s.
The Salmson S4 is a mid-size executive-level car introduced as the Salmson S4 C by Société des Moteurs Salmson in Autumn 1932. It was the manufacturer's principal and often sole model for the next twenty years.
Automobiles J. Suère was a French manufacturer of automobiles between 1909 and 1931.
The Vivaquatre is a car produced by Renault between 1932 and 1939. Its large 4-cylinder engine placed it initially in the 10CV car tax class, though a larger engine later made it a contender in the 11CV class.
The Renault Vivasport was a 6-cylinder engined executive automobile introduced by Renault in September 1933 and produced till April 1935. A larger engined version was produced between December 1934 and February 1938. As with many Renaults during the 1930s, type changes as well as small often cosmetic facelifts and upgrades appeared frequently.