| Cladonia botrytes | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Cladoniaceae |
| Genus: | Cladonia |
| Species: | C. botrytes |
| Binomial name | |
| Cladonia botrytes (K.G. Hagen) Willd. | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
Lichen botrytesK.G. Hagen | |
Cladonia botrytes or the wooden soldiers cup lichen [2] is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. Its habitat includes secondary xylem. [3]
Cladonia is a genus of moss-like lichens in the family Cladoniaceae. They are the primary food source for reindeer/caribou. Cladonia species are of economic importance to reindeer-herders, such as the Sami in Scandinavia or the Nenets in Russia. Antibiotic compounds are extracted from some species to create antibiotic cream. The light green species Cladonia stellaris is used in flower decorations.
The Cladoniaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. It is one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi, with about 560 species distributed amongst 17 genera. The reindeer moss and cup lichens (Cladonia) belong to this family. The latter genus, which comprises about 500 species, forms a major part of the diet of large mammals in taiga and tundra ecosystems. Many Cladoniaceae lichens grow on soil, but other can use decaying wood, tree trunks, and, in a few instances, rocks as their substrate. They grow in places with high humidity, and cannot tolerate aridity.
Cladonia fimbriata or the trumpet cup lichen is a species cup lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae.
Cladonia stellaris or the star-tipped cup lichen is an ecologically important species of cup lichen that forms continuous mats over large areas of the ground in boreal and arctic regions around the circumpolar north. The species is a preferred food source of reindeer and caribou during the winter months, and it has an important role in regulating nutrient cycling and soil microbiological communities. Like many other lichens, Cladonia stellaris is used by humans directly for its chemical properties, as many of the secondary metabolites are antimicrobial, but it also has the unique distinction of being harvested and sold as 'fake trees' for model train displays. It is also used as a sound absorber in interior design.
Cladonia borealis, commonly known as the boreal cup lichen, is a species of lichen in the genus Cladonia.
Cladonia amaurocraea, commonly known as the quill lichen or the quill cup lichen, is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the Cladoniaceae family.
Cladonia evansii, known as Evans' deer moss or Evans' reindeer moss, is a lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It is found in the Southeastern United States, with a few instances in Cuba. The species was first formally named by Henry Nicollon des Abbayes.
Cladonia alaskana, known as the Alaskan cup lichen, is a species of cup lichen in the Cladoniaceae family. It is found in and around the arctic circle, growing in acidic soils.
Cladonia arbuscula or the shrubby cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the Cladoniaceae family.
Cladonia cariosa, the split-peg lichen or the split-peg soldiers cup lichen, is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first formally named by Erik Acharius in 1799 as Lichen cariosus and transferred to the genus Cladonia in 1827 by Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel. It has a broad distribution, occurring in Europe, Asia, North America, and South America.
Cladonia bellidiflora or the toy soldiers cup lichen is a fruticose, cup lichen species in the Cladoniaceae family.
Cladonia carneola or the crowned cup lichen is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was described as a new species by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries. Lichenicolous fungi that have been recorded growing on Cladonia carneola include Phaeopyxis punctum and Taeniolella beschiana.
Cladonia caespiticia is a widespread and common species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was originally named Baeomyces caespiticius by German mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794. Heinrich Gustav Flörke transferred it to the genus Cladonia in 1827. In North America, it is commonly known as the stubby-stalked Cladonia.
Cladonia turgida or the crazy-scale cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae.
Cladonia deformis, also known as the lesser sulphur cup or the lesser sulphur cup lichen, is a light-coloured, fruticose, cup lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. This lichen was first described as Lichen deformis by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and transferred to the genus Cladonia in 1796 by Georg Franz Hoffmann.
Cladonia coniocraea, commonly known as the common powderhorn or the powderhorn cup lichen, is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first described by Heinrich Gustav Flörke in 1821 under the name Cenomyce coniocraea, until Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel reclassified it under the genus Cladonia in 1827.
Cladonia pyxidata or the pebbled cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae.
Cladonia squamosa or the dragon cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae.
Cladonia macilenta or the lipstick cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae.
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