Codex Sabaiticus

Last updated

Codex Sabaiticus can refer to a number of ancient manuscripts, most of which are currently housed in the Patriarchal Library in Jerusalem, that were originally preserved by "Sabaite" monks from the monastery of Mar Saba in what is today the Bethlehem Governorate of Palestine, in the West Bank. [1]

Contents

Each specific codex is denoted by a number, e.g. "Sabaiticus 242", but some authors may generically refer to any one of these as "Codex Sabaiticus".

These are mostly works on Christian subjects, but this corpus also contains some fragments on non-Christian subjects, such as the Greek mythological Agapenor. [2]

Cassian the Sabaite

Several codices are manuscripts relating to Cassian, a Sabaite monk of the 6th century. [3] These include:

Codex Hierosolymitanus

Several codices (such as Sabaiticus 13, 70, and 72) constitute the renowned Codex Hierosolymitanus, otherwise known as "Hierosolymitanus Sabaiticus", or, in the scholarly discourse, as "H". [4]

Sabaiticus 231

Sabaiticus 231 contains scholia on the Psalms, attributed to Athanasius of Alexandria. [5]

Sabaiticus 232

Sabaiticus 232 contains commentaries on the Gospel of Matthew by a number of writers: Origen, Theodore of Heraclea, Eusebius of Caesarea, John Chrysostom, Cyril of Alexandria, Severus of Antioch, Theodore of Mopsuestia, Gregory of Nyssa, and Photios I of Constantinople. [6]

This volume is a codex mostly of parchment, with a few pages of linen paper, consisting of 240 folios. In the 15th century it was preserved in the Monastery of St. Gerasimus. [6]

Sabaiticus 242

Sabaiticus 242 is a 10th-century manuscript that contains a hagiography of the 4th century Christian martyr named Athenogenes of Pedachtoë, attributed to Anysius. [7]

Sabaiticus 259

Sabaiticus 259 is a manuscript of the 11th century containing Christian apocryphal books. [8] [9] It was discovered in Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai. [1]

It is the oldest known manuscript containing the complete Infancy Gospel of Thomas (a fragmentary version from the 4th or 5th century also exists), [10] and contains a version of the story likely dating to a period some time between the 4th and 7th centuries CE. [11] This codex also contains a unique recension of the Infancy Gospel (variant "Gs") not found in other manuscripts. [12]

This volume is a codex of parchment consisting of 317 folios, measuring 260 by 212 millimeters. [12] It is most often dated to 1089 or 1090.

Sabaiticus 261

Sabaiticus 261 is a manuscript of a hagiography of Saint Nicholas by Byzantine historian Nikephoros Kallistos Xanthopoulos, titled Narration in Iambic Verses of St Nicholas' Miracles. It is the longest known piece of hagiography in verse. [13]

Sabaiticus 366

Sabaiticus 366 is a tract by 5th century monk Marcus Eremita against Nestorianism, dating to the 13th century, titled Against those who say that the flesh of the Lord is not united to the Word, but that it is merely worn like a garment, and that, for this reason, there is a difference between him who carries and that which is carried (often shortened to "Against the Nestorians"). [14]

It is also the source of some short biographical material about Euphratas, eunuch architect under the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great. [15]

Sabaiticus 429

Sabaiticus 429 is a manuscript dated to 1619 that is a recitation of ideas and concepts from the Old and New Testaments in question and answer form, titled Questionnaires (Ἐρωταποκρίσεις. Ποίημα κὺρ Λέοντος τοῦ σοφοῦ). It is attributed to the 9th and 10th century Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise, but scholars believe it was written pseudonymously. An edition of this work was published by N. Krasnoselčev in 1899. [16]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palimpsest</span> Reused manuscript with visible prior text

In textual studies, a palimpsest is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off in preparation for reuse in the form of another document. Parchment was made of lamb, calf, or kid skin and was expensive and not readily available, so, in the interest of economy, a page was often re-used by scraping off the previous writing. In colloquial usage, the term palimpsest is also used in architecture, archaeology and geomorphology to denote an object made or worked upon for one purpose and later reused for another; for example, a monumental brass the reverse blank side of which has been re-engraved.

<i>Infancy Gospel of Thomas</i> Gospel about the childhood of Jesus

The Infancy Gospel of Thomas is an apocryphal gospel about the childhood of Jesus. The scholarly consensus dates it to the mid-to-late second century, with the oldest extant fragmentary manuscript dating to the fourth or fifth century, and the earliest complete manuscript being the Codex Sabaiticus from the 11th century. The document is generally considered to be Gnostic in origin because of references in letters to a "Gospel of Thomas", but it is unclear whether those letters refer to the Infancy Gospel or the Gospel of Thomas, a sayings gospel discovered near Nag Hammadi, Egypt in 1945.

The Codex Zographensis is an illuminated Old Church Slavonic canon manuscript. It is composed of 304 parchment folios; the first 288 are written in Glagolitic containing Gospels and organised as Tetraevangelium, and the rest written in Cyrillic containing a 13th-century synaxarium. It is dated back to the end of the 10th or beginning of the 11th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dishna Papers</span> Collection of ancient manuscripts from 200 AD until the 6th century

The Dishna Papers, also often known as the Bodmer Papyri, are a group of twenty-two papyri discovered in Dishna, Egypt in 1952. Later, they were purchased by Martin Bodmer and deposited at the Bodmer Library in Switzerland. The papyri contain segments from the Old and New Testaments, early Christian literature, Homer, and Menander. The oldest, P66 dates to c. 200 AD. Most of the papyri are kept at the Bodmer Library, in Cologny, Switzerland outside Geneva.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Climaci Rescriptus</span> New Testament manuscript

Codex Climaci rescriptus is a collective palimpsest manuscript consisting of several individual manuscripts underneath, Christian Palestinian Aramaic texts of the Old and New Testament as well as two apocryphal texts, including the Dormition of the Mother of God, and is known as Uncial 0250 with a Greek uncial text of the New Testament and overwritten by Syriac treatises of Johannes Climacus : the scala paradisi and the liber ad pastorem. Paleographically the Greek text has been assigned to the 7th or 8th century, and the Aramaic text to the 6th century. It originates from Saint Catherine's Monastery going by the New Finds of 1975. Formerly it was classified for CCR 5 and CCR 6 as lectionary manuscript, with Gregory giving the number ℓ 1561 to it.

Minuscule 144, ε 1001 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th-century. It has full marginalia.

Minuscule 180, ε 1498, α 300 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. The Gospels palaeographically have been assigned to the 12th century, the rest of New Testament books are dated by colophon to the 1273. Formerly it was deciphered as the year 1284. It has complex contents with full marginalia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minuscule 480</span> Greek manuscript of New Testament

Minuscule 480, δ 462, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1366. The manuscript is lacunose. The manuscript was adapted for liturgical use. It has marginalia. It contains liturgical books with hagiographies: Synaxarion and Menologion.

Minuscule 512, ε 441, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 498. The manuscript has complex contents. It was adapted for liturgical use.

Minuscule 1073, δ97, is a 10th or 11th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition. It contains additional non-biblical matter. There is no marginalia.

Minuscule 1216, ε1043, is an 11th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

Minuscule 994 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A227 Cι33 (von Soden), is a 10th or 11th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition. It has some marginalia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minuscule 905</span> New Testament manuscript

Minuscule 905, ε1130, is a 12th or 13th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition. It has liturgical books and marginalia.

Minuscule 908, ε1251, is a 13th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition. It has liturgical books and marginalia.

Minuscule 927, δ 251, is a 12th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

Minuscule 928, δ 478, is a 14th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia and was prepared for liturgical use. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

Minuscule 938, ε 1451 von Soden), is a 14th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition. It contains some liturgical matter.

Minuscule 942, ε 1365 von Soden), is a 10th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minuscule 1582</span> Greek minuscule manuscript of the four Gospels

Minuscule 1582, ε183, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the four Gospels, written on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to 948. The manuscript was written by a monk named Ephraim, of which there are at least four other manuscripts known to have been written by him, including another New Testament manuscript, minuscule 1739. It is considered to be part of a group of manuscripts known as Family 1 (ƒ1) as a leading member, with a very similar text to minuscule 1.

The Life and Miracles of Saint Thecla is a Greek hagiography of Thecla, the reputed follower of Paul of Tarsus. The text was composed between 445 and 474.

References

  1. 1 2 Vukovic, Marijana (2022). Survival and Success of an Apocryphal Childhood of Jesus: Reception of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas in the Middle Ages. De Gruyter. pp. 32, 56. ISBN   9783110752786 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  2. ↑ Scheer, Tanja S. (2018). "Myth, Memory, and the Past". In Dignas, Beate; Audley-Miller, Lucy Gaynor (eds.). Wandering Myths: Transcultural Uses of Myth in the Ancient World. De Gruyter. ISBN   9783110421514 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  3. ↑ Tzamalikos, Panayiotis (2012). The Real Cassian Revisited: Monastic Life, Greek Paideia, and Origenism in the Sixth Century. Brill Publishers. p. 443. ISBN   9789004224407 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  4. ↑ Spanos, Apostolos (2010). Codex Lesbiacus Leimonos 11. Byzantinisches Archiv. Vol. 23. De Gruyter. ISBN   9783110221305 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  5. ↑ Dorival, Gilles (1989). Les chaînes exégétiques grecques sur les Psaumes: contribution à l'étude d'une forme littéraire (in French). Vol. 2. Peeters. p. 349. ISBN   9789068310009 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  6. 1 2 Tzamalikos, Panayiotis (2016). Anaxagoras, Origen, and Neoplatonism: The Legacy of Anaxagoras to Classical and Late Antiquity. Vol. 1. De Gruyter. p. 1565. ISBN   9783110420104 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  7. ↑ Barnes, Timothy David (2010). Early Christian Hagiography and Roman History. Mohr Siebeck. pp. 147–148. ISBN   9783161502262 . Retrieved 2024-09-12.
  8. ↑ Simunovic, Katharina (2018). Gospels and Gospel Traditions in the Second Century: Experiments in Reception. De Gruyter. ISBN   9783110541267 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  9. ↑ Watson, Francis (2020). An Apostolic Gospel: The 'Epistula Apostolorum' in Literary Context. Cambridge University Press. p. 95. ISBN   9781108840415 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  10. ↑ Georgiou, Aristos (2024-06-07). "Experts decipher oldest manuscript of Jesus childhood gospel". Newsweek. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  11. ↑ Perry, Peter S. (2023). Biblical Humor and Performance. Cascade Books. p. 222. ISBN   9781666711295 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  12. 1 2 Aasgaard, Reidar (2022). "Infancy Gospel of Thomas". In Wassén, Cecilia; Evans, Craig A.; Edwards, J. Christopher (eds.). Early New Testament Apocrypha. Zondervan Academic. p. 80. ISBN   9780310099727 . Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  13. ↑ Efthymiadis, Stephanos (2020). "Greek Byzantine Hagiography in Verse". The Ashgate Research Companion to Byzantine Hagiography: Genres and Contexts. Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis. ISBN   9781351393270 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  14. ↑ Plested, Marcus (2004). The Macarian Legacy: The Place of Macarius-Symeon in the Eastern Christian Tradition. Oxford University Press. pp. 127–128. ISBN   9780191533181 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  15. ↑ Ringrose, Kathryn M. (2007). The Perfect Servant: Eunuchs and the Social Construction of Gender in Byzantium. University of Chicago Press. p. 102. ISBN   9780226720166 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  16. ↑ Antonopoulou, Theodora (2015). "A Theological Opusculum allegedly by Emperor Leo VI the Wise". In Loukaki, Marina; Kotzabassi, Sofia; Antonopoulou, Theodora (eds.). Myriobiblos: Essays on Byzantine Literature and Culture. De Gruyter. p. 39. ISBN   9781501501562 . Retrieved 2024-09-15.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.