Commelina mosaic virus

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Commelina mosaic virus
Virus classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Stelpaviricetes
Order: Patatavirales
Family: Potyviridae
Genus: Potyvirus
Species:
Commelina mosaic virus

Commelina mosaic virus (CoMV) is a plant pathogenic virus [1] in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae . Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, CoMV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 707-808 nm in length. This virus is transmitted by two species of aphids, Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii, and by mechanical inoculation. [2]

Contents

Commercial antiserum is not available for this virus. However, diagnosis in this plant can be made by symptoms and by the presence of plate-like inclusions. [3]

Symptoms and Inclusions of Commelina mosaic virus in Commelina diffusa.

(Potyviruses make proteinaceous inclusions in infected plant cells. These inclusions can be seen in the light microscope in leaf strips of infected plant tissue stained with Orange-Green (protein stain) but not Azure A (nucleic acid stain) [4] [5] . [6] There are four different kinds of Potyvirus inclusions. [7] (CoMV belongs to group II. )

Host Range and Geographic Distribution

Commelina mosaic virus was first reported in 1977 and was the first Potyvirus found infecting a member of the plant family, Commelinaceae (2). Since then, two, possibly three, other potyviruses have been reported to infect members of this family, Tradescantia mosaic virus (=Tradescantia/Zebrina virus), [8] Aneilema virus (3) and Tradescantia mild mosaic virus [9]

CoMV was originally found in the host plant Commelina diffusa (2). Later it was also found in Tradescantia spathacea (Rhoeo spathacea) kept under greenhouse conditions (3). Plants of C. diffusa infected with this virus were first found in Florida (2) and in a later study the virus was found in a plant from the Dominican Republic (3). Host range studies indicate that this virus, though common in Florida, has a limited host range and does not pose a risk to agricultural crops. However, it was often found in a double infection with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) which is an important pest for Florida agriculture. Plants infected with both viruses were found to be “significantly more effective sources of CMV 5-8 weeks after inoculation that singly infected plants.”(2)

Related Research Articles

<i>Potyvirus</i> Genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Potyviridae

Potyvirus is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Potyviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. Like begomoviruses, members of this genus may cause significant losses in agricultural, pastoral, horticultural, and ornamental crops. More than 200 species of aphids spread potyviruses, and most are from the subfamily Aphidinae. The genus contains 190 species and potyviruses account for about thirty percent of all currently known plant viruses.

<i>Papaya ringspot virus</i> Species of virus

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a pathogenic plant virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae which primarily infects the papaya tree.

Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) is one of the nine known viruses that infects asparagus plants. It is a member of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae. Initially reported by G. L Hein in 1960, it causes no distinct symptoms in asparagus plants. The only known natural plant host is the asparagus. It is spread by aphid vectors, which means that aphids do not cause the AV-1, but they do spread it.

Bean yellow mosaic virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, it is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 750 nm in length. This virus is transmitted by species of aphids and by mechanical inoculation.

<i>Bidens mottle virus</i> Species of virus

Bidens mottle virus (BiMoV) is a pathogenic plant virus in the plant virus family Potyviridae. BiMoV is a flexuous filamentous particle, 720 nm long, and belongs to the Potyviridae genus Potyvirus. Like other viruses in this genus, Bidens mottle virus is transmitted both mechanically by sap and by aphids in a stylet-borne fashion.

Clover yellow mosaic virus (ClYMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus and the virus family Alphaflexiviridae. Its flexuous rod-shaped particles measure about 539 nm in length.

<i>Cucumber mosaic virus</i> Species of virus

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the family Bromoviridae. This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range, having the reputation of the widest host range of any known plant virus. It can be transmitted from plant to plant both mechanically by sap and by aphids in a stylet-borne fashion. It can also be transmitted in seeds and by the parasitic weeds, Cuscuta sp. (dodder).

Papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus and the family Alphaflexiviridae. PapMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 530 nm in length.

<i>Peanut mottle virus</i> Species of virus

Peanut mottle virus(PeMoV) is a pathogenic plant virus of the family Potyviridae. As with other members of this virus family, PeMoV is a flexuous filamentous virus with particles 740–750 nm long. It is transmitted by several species of aphids and by mechanical inoculation. It was first given its name in 1965 when it was isolated from peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) in Georgia, United States. The virus was found to be seed transmitted in its host.

Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, PepMV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 737 nm in length. Isolates of this virus has been completely sequenced and its RNA is 9640 nucleotides long. This virus is transmitted by several species of aphids in a nonpersitant manner and by mechanical inoculation.

White clover mosaic virus (WClMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus and the family Alphaflexiviridae. WClMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 480 nm in length and 13 nm wide.

<i>Tobacco etch virus</i> Species of virus

Tobacco etch virus (TEV) is a plant virus in the genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae. Like other members of the genus Potyvirus, TEV has a monopartite positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome surrounded by a capsid made from a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 730 nm in length. It is transmissible in a non-persistent manner by more than 10 species of aphids including Myzus persicae. It also is easily transmitted by mechanical means but is not known to be transmitted by seeds.

Tradescantia mosaic virus (TZV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, TZV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 754 nanometers in length. This virus is transmitted by two species of aphids, Myzus persicae and Rhapalosiphum padi and by mechanical inoculation.

Apium virus Y (ApVY) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae.

<i>Celery mosaic virus</i> Species of virus

Celery mosaic virus (CeMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae .

Mouralia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae, consisting of only one species Mouralia tinctoides. It is found from Florida to South-east Texas, Georgia, Southern California, the Antilles, from Mexico through Brazil to Northern Argentina and in Peru.

Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, ClYVV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 760 nm in length. This virus is transmitted by several species of aphids in a nonpersistent manner and by mechanical inoculation.

Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the genus Potyvirus, PWV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 745 nm in length.

References

  1. ↑ "About Plant Viruses". Archived from the original on 2014-10-10. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  2. ↑ Morales, F. J. (1977). "Characterization and Electron Microscopy of a Potyvirus Infecting Commelina diffusa" (PDF). Phytopathology. 67 (7): 839. doi:10.1094/phyto-67-839.
  3. ↑ C.A.Baker and F.W. Zettler. Viruses infecting wild and Cultivated Species of the Commelinaceae. Plant Disease 72: 513-518, 1988 (See Figures 1 and 3)
  4. ↑ "Materials and Methods for the Detection of Viral Inclusions". Archived from the original on 2014-10-13. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  5. ↑ Christie, R.G. and Edwardson, J.R. (1977). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 9, 150 pp.
  6. ↑ "How do you diagnose a virus infection in a plant?". Archived from the original on 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  7. ↑ "Potyvirus Cylindrical Inclusions". Archived from the original on 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  8. ↑ B. E. Lockhart, J.A. Betzold, and F.L. Pfleger. Characterization of a Potyvirus Causing a Leaf Distortion Disease of Tradescantia and Zebrina Species. Phytopathology 71:602-604, 1981.
  9. ↑ Ciuffo, M.; Masenga, V.; Turina, M. (2006). "Characterization of a potyvirus isolated from Tradescantia fluminensis in northern Italy". Archives of Virology. 151 (6): 1235–1241. doi:10.1007/s00705-005-0691-x. PMID   16369859. S2CID   23281354.
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