Contactin 2

CNTN2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2OM5
Identifiers
Aliases	CNTN2 , AXT, FAME5, TAG-1, TAX, TAX1, contactin 2, transient axonal glycoprotein-1
External IDs	OMIM: 190197 MGI: 104518 HomoloGene: 3720 GeneCards: CNTN2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	205,078,289 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	132,543,256 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	corpus callosum; ; inferior ganglion of vagus nerve; ; globus pallidus; ; subthalamic nucleus; ; internal globus pallidus; ; substantia nigra; ; medulla oblongata; ; Brodmann area 46;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein self-association ; identical protein binding ; carbohydrate binding ; cell-cell adhesion mediator activity ;
Cellular component	membrane ; myelin sheath ; voltage-gated potassium channel complex ; plasma membrane ; node of Ranvier ; synapse ; integral component of plasma membrane ; cell surface ; axon ; neuronal cell body ; anchored component of membrane ; neuron projection ; juxtaparanode region of axon ; anchored component of postsynaptic membrane ;
Biological process	clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels ; negative regulation of neuron differentiation ; central nervous system myelination ; receptor internalization ; neuron migration ; learning ; presynaptic membrane organization ; regulation of astrocyte differentiation ; regulation of axon diameter ; cell adhesion ; positive regulation of protein processing ; establishment of protein localization to juxtaparanode region of axon ; positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway ; cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration ; regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity ; protein localization to juxtaparanode region of axon ; regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation ; neuron projection development ; axonal fasciculation ; microtubule cytoskeleton organization ; adult walking behavior ; axon guidance ; nervous system development ; homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules ; dendrite self-avoidance ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6900
	21367
	ENSG00000184144
	ENSMUSG00000053024
	Q02246
	Q61330
	NM_005076 ; NM_001346083
	NM_011531 ; NM_177129
	NP_001333012 ; NP_005067
	NP_796103
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated November 06, 2021

Contactin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTN2 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored neuronal membrane protein that functions as a cell adhesion molecule. It may play a role in the formation of axon connections in the developing nervous system. It may also be involved in glial tumorigenesis and may provide a potential target for therapeutic intervention.^[7]

Interactions

CNTN2 has been shown to interact with CNTNAP2 ^[8] and NFYB.^[9]

Related Research Articles

The L1 family is a family of cell adhesion molecules that includes four different L1-like proteins. They are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The members of the L1-family in humans are called L1 or L1cam, CHL1, Neurofascin and NRCAM. L1 family members are found on neurons, especially on their axons. Sometimes they are found on glia, such as Schwann cells, radial glia and Bergmann glia cells and, as such, are important for neural cell migration during development. L1 family members are expressed throughout the vertebrate and invertebrate kingdoms.

L1, also known as L1CAM, is a transmembrane protein member of the L1 protein family, encoded by the L1CAM gene. This protein, of 200-220 kDa, is a neuronal cell adhesion molecule with a strong implication in cell migration, adhesion, neurite outgrowth, myelination and neuronal differentiation. It also plays a key role in treatment-resistant cancers due to its function. It was first identified in 1984 by M. Schachner who found the protein in post-mitotic mice neurons.

DSCAM and Dscam are both abbreviations for Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule. In humans, DSCAM refers to a gene that encodes one of several protein isoforms.

Myelin protein zero is a single membrane glycoprotein which in humans is encoded by the MPZ gene. P0 is a major structural component of the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Myelin protein zero is expressed by Schwann cells and accounts for over 50% of all proteins in the peripheral nervous system, making it the most common protein expressed in the PNS. Mutations in myelin protein zero can cause myelin deficiency and are associated with neuropathies like Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease and Dejerine–Sottas disease.

Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM2), also known as CD102, is a human gene, and the protein resulting from it.

Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFYB gene.

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) also known as CD66a, is a human glycoprotein, and a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family.

Junctional adhesion molecule A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F11R gene. It has also been designated as CD321.

Contactin 1, also known as CNTN1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CNTN1 gene.

Neurofascin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFASC gene.

Neuronal cell adhesion molecule is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRCAM gene.

CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ST8SIA4 gene.

Contactin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTN4 gene.

Poliovirus receptor-related 3 (PVRL3), also known as nectin-3 and CD113, is a human protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily which forms part of adherens junctions.

Contactin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTN3 gene.

Protein sidekick-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SDK2 gene.

I-set domains are found in several cell adhesion molecules, including vascular (VCAM), intercellular (ICAM), neural (NCAM) and mucosal addressin (MADCAM) cell adhesion molecules, as well as junction adhesion molecules (JAM). I-set domains are also present in several other diverse protein families, including several tyrosine-protein kinase receptors, the hemolymph protein hemolin, the muscle proteins titin, telokin, and twitchin, the neuronal adhesion molecule axonin-1, and the signalling molecule semaphorin 4D that is involved in axonal guidance, immune function and angiogenesis.

Contactin 6 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the CNTN6 gene.

Transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain containing 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMIGD2 gene. TMIGD2 was discovered by Nader Rahimi.

Sidekick cell adhesion molecule 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SDK1 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000184144 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053024 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Tsiotra PC, Karagogeos D, Theodorakis K, Michaelidis TM, Modi WS, Furley AJ, Jessell TM, Papamatheakis J (Dec 1993). "Isolation of the cDNA and chromosomal localization of the gene (TAX1) encoding the human axonal glycoprotein TAG-1". Genomics. 18 (3): 562–7. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80357-X. PMID 8307567.
↑ Yoshihara Y, Kawasaki M, Tamada A, Nagata S, Kagamiyama H, Mori K (Sep 1995). "Overlapping and differential expression of BIG-2, BIG-1, TAG-1, and F3: four members of an axon-associated cell adhesion molecule subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily". Journal of Neurobiology. 28 (1): 51–69. doi:10.1002/neu.480280106. PMID 8586965.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: CNTN2 contactin 2 (axonal)".
↑ Traka M, Goutebroze L, Denisenko N, Bessa M, Nifli A, Havaki S, Iwakura Y, Fukamauchi F, Watanabe K, Soliven B, Girault JA, Karagogeos D (Sep 2003). "Association of TAG-1 with Caspr2 is essential for the molecular organization of juxtaparanodal regions of myelinated fibers". The Journal of Cell Biology. 162 (6): 1161–72. doi:10.1083/jcb.200305078. PMC 2172849 . PMID 12975355.
↑ Pise-Masison CA, Dittmer J, Clemens KE, Brady JN (Mar 1997). "Physical and functional interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 protein and the CCAAT binding protein NF-Y". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17 (3): 1236–43. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.3.1236. PMC 231848 . PMID 9032250.

External links

Human CNTN2 genome location and CNTN2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Walsh FS, Doherty P (Nov 1991). "Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored recognition molecules that function in axonal fasciculation, growth and guidance in the nervous system". Cell Biology International Reports. 15 (11): 1151–66. doi:10.1016/0309-1651(91)90061-M. PMID 1838307.
Kuhn TB, Stoeckli ET, Condrau MA, Rathjen FG, Sonderegger P (Nov 1991). "Neurite outgrowth on immobilized axonin-1 is mediated by a heterophilic interaction with L1(G4)". The Journal of Cell Biology. 115 (4): 1113–26. doi:10.1083/jcb.115.4.1113. PMC 2289947 . PMID 1720120.
Dodd J, Morton SB, Karagogeos D, Yamamoto M, Jessell TM (Apr 1988). "Spatial regulation of axonal glycoprotein expression on subsets of embryonic spinal neurons". Neuron. 1 (2): 105–16. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(88)90194-8. PMID 3272160. S2CID 36629050.
Kenwrick S, Leversha M, Rooke L, Hasler T, Sonderegger P (Sep 1993). "Localization of the human TAX-1 gene to 1q32.1: a region implicated in microcephaly and Van der Woude syndrome" (PDF). Human Molecular Genetics. 2 (9): 1461–2. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.9.1461. PMID 8242070.
Rader C, Stoeckli ET, Ziegler U, Osterwalder T, Kunz B, Sonderegger P (Jul 1993). "Cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interaction of the neuronal recognition molecule axonin-1". European Journal of Biochemistry. 215 (1): 133–41. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18015.x . PMID 8344273.
Hasler TH, Rader C, Stoeckli ET, Zuellig RA, Sonderegger P (Jan 1993). "cDNA cloning, structural features, and eucaryotic expression of human TAG-1/axonin-1". European Journal of Biochemistry. 211 (1–2): 329–39. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb19902.x. PMID 8425542.
Kozlov SV, Giger RJ, Hasler T, Korvatska E, Schorderet DF, Sonderegger P (Nov 1995). "The human TAX1 gene encoding the axon-associated cell adhesion molecule TAG-1/axonin-1: genomic structure and basic promoter". Genomics. 30 (2): 141–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9892. PMID 8586412.
Milev P, Maurel P, Häring M, Margolis RK, Margolis RU (Jun 1996). "TAG-1/axonin-1 is a high-affinity ligand of neurocan, phosphacan/protein-tyrosine phosphatase-zeta/beta, and N-CAM". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (26): 15716–23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.26.15716 . PMID 8663515.
Pise-Masison CA, Dittmer J, Clemens KE, Brady JN (Mar 1997). "Physical and functional interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 protein and the CCAAT binding protein NF-Y". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17 (3): 1236–43. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.3.1236. PMC 231848 . PMID 9032250.
Williams H, Schachner M, Wang B, Kenwrick S (Nov 1997). "Radiation hybrid mapping of the genes for tenascin-R (TNR), phosducin (PDC), laminin C1 (LAMC1), and TAX in 1q25-q32". Genomics. 46 (1): 165–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4994. PMID 9403076.
Malhotra JD, Tsiotra P, Karagogeos D, Hortsch M (Dec 1998). "Cis-activation of L1-mediated ankyrin recruitment by TAG-1 homophilic cell adhesion". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (50): 33354–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.50.33354 . PMID 9837910.
Freigang J, Proba K, Leder L, Diederichs K, Sonderegger P, Welte W (May 2000). "The crystal structure of the ligand binding module of axonin-1/TAG-1 suggests a zipper mechanism for neural cell adhesion" (PDF). Cell. 101 (4): 425–33. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80852-1. PMID 10830169. S2CID 15440572.
Rickman DS, Tyagi R, Zhu XX, Bobek MP, Song S, Blaivas M, Misek DE, Israel MA, Kurnit DM, Ross DA, Kish PE, Hanash SM (Mar 2001). "The gene for the axonal cell adhesion molecule TAX-1 is amplified and aberrantly expressed in malignant gliomas". Cancer Research. 61 (5): 2162–8. PMID 11280781.
Pavlou O, Theodorakis K, Falk J, Kutsche M, Schachner M, Faivre-Sarrailh C, Karagogeos D (Jul 2002). "Analysis of interactions of the adhesion molecule TAG-1 and its domains with other immunoglobulin superfamily members". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 20 (3): 367–81. doi:10.1006/mcne.2002.1105. PMID 12139915. S2CID 714233.
Traka M, Goutebroze L, Denisenko N, Bessa M, Nifli A, Havaki S, Iwakura Y, Fukamauchi F, Watanabe K, Soliven B, Girault JA, Karagogeos D (Sep 2003). "Association of TAG-1 with Caspr2 is essential for the molecular organization of juxtaparanodal regions of myelinated fibers". The Journal of Cell Biology. 162 (6): 1161–72. doi:10.1083/jcb.200305078. PMC 2172849 . PMID 12975355.
Nagaraja GM, Kandpal RP (Jan 2004). "Chromosome 13q12 encoded Rho GTPase activating protein suppresses growth of breast carcinoma cells, and yeast two-hybrid screen shows its interaction with several proteins". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 313 (3): 654–65. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.001. PMID 14697242.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000184144 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053024 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8307567-5] Tsiotra PC, Karagogeos D, Theodorakis K, Michaelidis TM, Modi WS, Furley AJ, Jessell TM, Papamatheakis J (Dec 1993). "Isolation of the cDNA and chromosomal localization of the gene (TAX1) encoding the human axonal glycoprotein TAG-1". Genomics. 18 (3): 562–7. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80357-X. PMID 8307567.

[pmid8586965-6] Yoshihara Y, Kawasaki M, Tamada A, Nagata S, Kagamiyama H, Mori K (Sep 1995). "Overlapping and differential expression of BIG-2, BIG-1, TAG-1, and F3: four members of an axon-associated cell adhesion molecule subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily". Journal of Neurobiology. 28 (1): 51–69. doi:10.1002/neu.480280106. PMID 8586965.

[entrez-7] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: CNTN2 contactin 2 (axonal)".

[pmid12975355-8] Traka M, Goutebroze L, Denisenko N, Bessa M, Nifli A, Havaki S, Iwakura Y, Fukamauchi F, Watanabe K, Soliven B, Girault JA, Karagogeos D (Sep 2003). "Association of TAG-1 with Caspr2 is essential for the molecular organization of juxtaparanodal regions of myelinated fibers". The Journal of Cell Biology. 162 (6): 1161–72. doi:10.1083/jcb.200305078. PMC 2172849 . PMID 12975355.

[pmid9032250-9] Pise-Masison CA, Dittmer J, Clemens KE, Brady JN (Mar 1997). "Physical and functional interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 protein and the CCAAT binding protein NF-Y". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17 (3): 1236–43. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.3.1236. PMC 231848 . PMID 9032250.

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