| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | Cumberland |
| Namesake | Cumberland |
| Operator |
|
| Builder | Holyhead [1] |
| Launched | 1826 |
| Fate | Foundered October 1849 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen |
|
Cumberland was launched at Holyhead in 1826 as a steam packet. In 1839 she underwent conversion to a sail barque. In 1846 Cumberland transported Parkhurst apprentices to the Swan River Colony. She foundered on 23 October 1849 while carrying rice from Bally, Netherlands East Indies, to Hong Kong.
Boulton, Watt, & Co. provided the engines for Cumberland and her sister ship Solvay. [4] She had masts to augment her engines. Because she had to give up potential cargo space to house the engines and the coal they required, her burthen, a measure of cargo volume, was reduced. This was not critical for packets as they carried passengers and mail. Packets under contract to the Royal Mail were banned from carrying cargo. [5]
Cumberland first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1827 with J. Beaney, master, Liverpool Shipping Company, owner, and trade Liverpool–London. [1]
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1830 | Bibby | Steam Company | London–Antwerp | Register of Shipping (RS) |
| 1835 | C. Little | St George Company | Liverpool–Newry | LR; large repair 1834 |
In 1838–9 Cumberland underwent conversion from steam to sail. She apparently was repaired/restored and became a barque. The removal of her engines and coal bunkers increased her burthen, i.e., her cargo capacity. She appeared twice in Lloyd's Register for 1839. The first entry described her as a steam vessel of 201 tons burthen. Her master was still C. Little, and her owner the St George Company. The entry also had a notation referring the reader to the supplemental pages. [6] There Cumberland was described as of 609 (430) tons burthen, with G. Shute, master, St George Company, owner, and based in Liverpool. It described her as a barque, and noted that she had undergone a thorough repair in 1839. Lastly, it carried the further notation "Restored 1839–6 yrs." [2]
Lloyd's Register from 1845 to 1847/48 showed Cumberland's owner as J. Dawson, her homeport as London, and her trade as London–Swan River Colony. It also showed her as having undergone small repairs in 1845. It did not show the name of her master. [7]
In 1846 Cumberland transported Parkhurst apprentices to the Swan River Colony.
Lloyd's Register for 1848/49 showed Cumberland's master as J. Lewis, her owner as J. Dawson, and her trade as London–Bombay. She had had damages repaired and small repairs in 1847. [8]
In September 1834 Cumberland transported the steam locomotive Stephenson's Rocket from Bowness-on-Solway to Liverpool for the Rainhill Trials; Rocket had come from Newcastle-on-Tyne to Carlisle by horse wagon, and from there by lighter to the Cumberland. [9] [10]
Lloyd's Register for 1850 carried the annotation "LOST" by her name. It still carried her master as J. Lewis and her owner as J. Dawson, but it did not give a trade. [11]
Cumberland was lost on 26 October 1849 when she foundered in the Pacific Ocean 40 nautical miles (74 km) off Santiago, Spanish East Indies with the loss of six of her 34 crew. She was on a voyage from Bali, Netherlands East Indies, to Hong Kong, with a cargo of rice. [12] "[t]wo passengers (one being Mr. Dawson, the owner) and 28 men were saved, but the captain and five seamen perished". [13]
Notes
Citations
References
| Shipwrecks |
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|---|---|
| Other incidents |
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HMS Assistance was an Arctic discovery barque of the Royal Navy, and the sixth vessel to carry the name. She began in 1834 as the India-built merchant vessel Acorn. Her name was changed to Baboo. Under that name she transported coolies between Mauritius and India, and immigrants to South Australia. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1850 and named her HMS Assistance. Assistance participated in two Arctic expeditions before her crew abandoned her in the ice in 1854.
Nimrod was launched late in 1821 at Calcutta. One report has her being sold in 1825; she did change her homeport to the United Kingdom. In 1832 her ownership and homeport changed to Sydney, Australia.
Irlam was a West Indiaman launched in Liverpool in 1813 for Barton & Co., which had lost an earlier Irlam in 1812. The current Irlam was of the same burthen as her predecessor, and was employed in the same trade, Liverpool to Barbados. She was wrecked in January 1824.
Honduras Packet was launched in Spain in 1798 under another name and was renamed when the British captured her in 1802. She was a merchantman that between 1804 and 1809 made one, two, or three voyages seal hunting or whaling in the Southern Fishery. She was also the first vessel to transport Scottish emigrants to Honduras in 1822-23 under Gregor MacGregor's ill-conceived and ill-fated "Poyais scheme". She was last listed in 1828-30.
Welton was launched at Hull in 1809. She first traded between Hull and Quebec and then later with South America and the Caribbean. Lastly, she traded with India. She was lost in 1817 at Bengal.
Recovery was built at Liverpool in 1793. She was a West Indiaman that sailed under a letter of marque. The French privateer Courageaux captured her in 1799. She returned to British ownership by 1800 and continued to trade until she foundered in June 1818 on her way from Hull to Miramichi Bay.
Egrid was launched at Shields in 1810. She was initially a London-based transport but then after the British East India Company in 1813 lost its monopoly on the trade between Britain and the East Indies started trading with India. Egfrid put into St Helena in September 1821 leaky and was condemned there.
True Briton was launched at Pont Neuf, Quebec, in 1811. Her primary trade was sailing between Britain and New Brunswick, but she also sailed to Jamaica, and made two voyages to India. Her crew abandoned her in the Atlantic in 1822.
Earl of Buckinghamshire was built at Montreal in 1814. She sailed to Britain and made two voyages to India. She then started trading between Liverpool and North America. In 1821 she carried some 600 settlers from Greenock to Quebec. Her crew abandoned her in the North Atlantic in October 1822 and she was wrecked in November when she drifted ashore at Galway Bay, Ireland.
Stirling was built in 1812 at Montreal, Quebec. She apparently traded out of Liverpool as a West Indiaman. There is little evidence that she traded as an East Indiaman. She was last listed in 1821 and a vessel named Sterling, sailing out of Quebec, was wrecked in November 1821.
Minerva was launched in 1812 at Aberdeen. Her early career is obscure. In 1823 she visited New South Wales and was condemned at Valparaiso in 1823 on her way home. She was repaired and from about 1827 she sailed to India under a license from the British East India Company. She transferred her registry to Calcutta prior to 1829, but continued to be listed in the British registries until 1833.
Harpooner was launched at Whitby in 1769, or possibly a few years later. Her early career is obscure. She may have been a Greenland whaler between 1786 and 1792. She appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1801, and thereafter traded across the Atlantic. She was wrecked in 1816 with heavy loss of life.
Salisbury was launched c.1814 in the Brazils almost certainly under another name and was possibly a prize. She was possibly captured by the British or sold to British owners in 1815. She made one voyage seal hunting in 1820 and transported settlers to South Africa in 1821. She was lost in 1827.
Earl Fauconberg was launched at Whitby in 1765. From 1784 on she made numerous voyages as a Greenland whaler. She was lost there in 1821.
Lord Wellington was launched in 1811 in Montreal. She became a London-based transport that made one voyage to India in 1819 under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). Afterwards she continued to sail to the Baltic and North America. She was last listed in 1829.
Ganges was launched at Calcutta in 1806. In 1807 or 1809 a French privateer captured her. The British Royal Navy recaptured her the next year. She assumed British Registry in 1812, but had traded out of London since late 1810 or early 1811. By 1820 she was trading between London and Bengal. She was last listed in 1846.
Eliza was launched in Philadelphia in 1792 and came into British ownership in 1802. She was briefly a privateer sailing out of Liverpool. A highly valuable prize that she captured in 1805, in company with another privateer, resulted in a court case in which Eliza's captain successfully sued a captain in the British Royal Navy for having pressed some of her crew. Eliza spent the great bulk of her career as a merchantman, either as a coaster or in sailing between England and the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula. She was last listed in 1820.
Albion Packet was a schooner launched at Berwick by Gowan. She sailed primarily along Britain's coasts, and later to the Baltic. She disappeared from the registers between 1816 and 1822, when she reappeared as Albion. Circa 1827 she became Albion Packet again. She underwent two maritime mishaps, one in August 1802 and one circa December 1827, before being wrecked on 17n November 1832 near Orford High Light.
Cyrus was launched in 1811 in Whitby. She spent her early career as a transport. Then after the war she made one or more voyages to Bengal and Ceylon under a license from the British East India Company. After her return she traded between Great Britain and North America. She was wrecked at Quebec in November 1844.
Indus was launched in 1813 at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. She initially traded as a West Indiaman. In 1820–1821 she probably made one voyage carrying cargo from Batavia, Dutch East Indies, to Hamburg and Antwerp. After the probably voyage to Batavia Indus traded between Liverpool and Canada. The cargo that Indus carried from Canada back to Liverpool consisted mainly of lumber, including staves. Her surviving crew members abandoned Indus on 8 January 1839 after she became waterlogged.
