Cycling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's individual road race

Last updated

Contents

Women's individual road race
at the Games of the XXXII Olympiad
orinpitsukuDong Jing 2020Da Hui noZi Zhuan Che rodoresudeDuo Mo niyutaunwoJi Zou suruXuan Shou tachi.jpg
Women's individual road race
VenuesMusashinonomori Park
Fuji Speedway
Date25 July 2021
Competitors67 from 40 nations
Winning time3h 52' 45"
Medalists
Gold medal icon.svg Anna Kiesenhofer
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
Silver medal icon.svg Annemiek van Vleuten
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
Bronze medal icon.svg Elisa Longo Borghini
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
  2016
2024  

The women's individual road race event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July 2021 on a course starting at Musashinonomori Park in Tokyo and ending at the Fuji Speedway in Shizuoka Prefecture. [1] 67 cyclists from 40 nations competed, with 48 completing the course. [2]

The race was won by rank outsider Anna Kiesenhofer of Austria. Kiesenhofer was part of the original breakaway, powering away at the very start of the race along with four other riders. She proceeded to drop her breakaway companions, all of whom were swallowed up by the peloton, soloing off the front at the Kagosaka Pass with 41 kilometres (25 mi) to go and holding off the late chase from the pack. She won by 1' 15" over the silver medalist, Annemiek van Vleuten of the Netherlands.

Van Vleuten made a late attack with 2.1 kilometres (1.3 mi) to go, distancing the remnants of the peloton. She celebrated after crossing the line, having mistakenly thought that all the breakaway riders had been caught and that she had won gold. [3] The bronze medal went to Elisa Longo Borghini of Italy, after unsuccessfully attempting to bridge up to van Vleuten's attack and holding off the peloton. [4]

The Olympic road races are unusual in the modern professional circuit in the complete absence of team radios, an anomaly which, together with Kiesenhofer's relative anonymity in the peloton, factored heavily into the shock outcome of the 2021 race. Approaching the line, the peloton appeared unaware that the unheralded Kiesenhofer had been one of the escapees, had stayed off the front and finished the race substantially ahead of them.

Kiesenhofer's win was considered a huge upset; she had trained for the event without a coach or a professional team, and was not viewed as a meaningful contender to win a medal. [4] [5] Her solo victory was described as one of the biggest upsets in Olympics history. [6]

Background

This was the 10th appearance of the event, which has been held at every Summer Olympics since 1984. The reigning Olympic champion was Anna van der Breggen of the Netherlands.

Qualification

A National Olympic Committee (NOC) could enter up to four qualified cyclists in the women's individual road race. All quota places are assigned to the NOC, which may select the cyclists that compete. There were 67 total quota spots available for the race. The assignments of spots to NOCs was a multi-stage process:

  1. First, 62 places were assigned through the UCI world ranking by nations. This ranking included Elite and U-23 women's races for the 2019 season (22 October 2018 to 22 October 2019). The top five nations each received the maximum of four quota places: the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, the United States, and Australia. Nations ranked 6th through 13th each received three quota places, and 14th through 22nd each received two quota places.
  2. Next, a special rule provided an opportunity for individuals ranked in the top 100 but whose nation was not in the top 22 to earn places (which would replace the lowest ranked nations). There were 17 eligible individuals. Their places were deducted from the lower-ranked nations: this reduced all of the 14th–22nd nations to one quota place each and all of the 6th–13th nations to two places each.
  3. Three more quota places were assigned through the 2019 African, Asian, and Pan-American championships; at each championship, among nations that were not yet qualified, the one with the highest placed road race cyclist earned a spot; these were taken by Ethiopia, South Korea, and Paraguay, respectively.
  4. The final two quota places were reserved for the host nation; if the host nation had already earned one or two places, they would be reallocated through the UCI world rankings. In this case, Japan had earned one quota place through standard qualification, and so they received only one additional place, whereas the other was recovered by sixth-ranked Belgium. [2] Because qualification was complete by 22 October 2019, this allocation was unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  5. Shortly before the start of the games, Finnish cyclist Lotta Henttala withdrew from the race. [7] She was replaced by Alison Jackson from eighth-ranked Canada. [8] Likewise, Swedish competitor Emilia Fahlin withdrew [9] and was replaced by Marta Lach from ninth-ranked Poland. [10]

Competition format and course

The road race was a mass-start, one-day road race event. The courses for the men's and women's road races were revealed in August 2018. The women's race started at Musashinonomori Park in Chōfu, western Tokyo, at 13:00  Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) and finished at the Fuji Speedway circuit in the Shizuoka prefecture. The women's road race was 137 kilometres (85 mi) long with a total elevation gain of 2,692 metres (8,832 ft). [11]

The first part of the men's and women's races were identical. The course first passed through the mostly flat outskirts of Tokyo's metropolitan area. After 40 kilometres (25 mi), the riders gradually climbed towards the foot of the climb to Doushi Road, a 5.9-kilometre (3.7 mi) climb with an average gradient of 5.7 percent. The climb topped out after 80 kilometres (50 mi) of racing at an altitude of 1,121 metres (3,678 ft) above sea level. After reaching Lake Yamanakako in Yamanashi and crossing the Kagosaka Pass, the riders faced a 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) descent and from here, the courses were different for the men's and women's races. Following the descent, the women's race made their way towards the Fuji Speedway circuit, bypassing the climbs of Fuji Sanroku and the Mikuni Pass. The riders contested one and a half laps of the undulating track before crowning the winner at the Fuji Speedway. [12]

Start list

Nations: [13]

CyclistsNations
4Flag of the Netherlands.svg  NetherlandsFlag of Italy.svg  ItalyFlag of Germany.svg  GermanyFlag of Australia.svg  AustraliaFlag of the United States.svg  United States
3Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  BelgiumFlag of Poland.svg  PolandFlag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
2Flag of Denmark.svg  DenmarkFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great BritainFlag of South Africa.svg  South AfricaFlag of Spain.svg  SpainFlag of Norway.svg  NorwayFlag of Japan.svg  Japan
126 nations

Race overview

As soon as the racing started, Anna Kiesenhofer (Austria) attacked from the peloton. She was soon joined by Carla Oberholzer (South Africa), Vera Looser (Namibia), Omer Shapira (Israel), and Anna Plichta (Poland). Several riders attempted to bridge to the front but they were caught by the peloton. The break was considered unthreatening, and was allowed to build a maximum advantage of around 11 minutes over the favourites before the gap was stabilized. As the road began to go uphill, Looser struggled to follow the pace in the break and she began to drop back. With 88 kilometres (55 mi) to go, Oberholzer also lost contact with her breakaway companions as three riders were left at the front. The trio up front managed to maintain their gap over the peloton as no teams were willing to take up the chase behind, leaning on the extremely strong Netherlands team who likewise failed to pursue. As the peloton neared the foot of the climb to Doushi Road, Emma Norsgaard Jørgensen (Denmark)'s wheel aligned with an expansion joint in the road causing her to lose control and crash. Annemiek van Vleuten (Netherlands) could not evade the fallen rider and went head over, both bicycles becoming entangled. Both riders eventually got back up.

With around 61 kilometres (38 mi) to go, Demi Vollering (Netherlands) attacked from the peloton, sparking a flurry of attacks. However, all the moves were eventually covered while the break still enjoyed a lead of around eight and a half minutes. On the climb to Doushi Road, the lead began to come down as the pace in the peloton started to shed riders out the back. Around 51 kilometres (32 mi) from the finish, van Vleuten made another attack, this time building a gap over the peloton. At this point, the gap to the break up front still stood at around five and a half minutes. Van Vleuten managed to increase her lead to a minute over the peloton while up front, on the Kagosaka Pass, Kiesenhofer dropped Shapira and Plichta, going solo with 41 kilometres (25 mi) still left to race. Kiesenhofer maintained her five-minute advantage over van Vleuten on the descent from the Kagosaka Pass while the peloton was a further minute in arrears. As Kiesenhofer ended the descent, she still held a lead of four and a half minutes over the peloton. A few moments later, Juliette Labous (France) attacked from the peloton and gained a lead of around 20 seconds.

Kiesenhofer soon passed through the finish line at the Fuji Speedway for the first time with 17 kilometres (11 mi) to go, holding a lead of two minutes over Shapira and Plichta, almost four minutes over Labous, and more than four minutes over the peloton. At this point, Netherlands began to set a faster pace, bringing back Labous and closing in on Shapira and Plichta. With 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) left, both Shapira and Plichta were finally caught by the peloton; at this point, some of the riders, not having radios as is common in road cycling outside the Olympics, thought that all the breakaway riders had been caught, when in reality Kiesenhofer was still leading by three minutes. 2.1 kilometres (1.3 mi) from the finish, van Vleuten attacked from the peloton, with Elisa Longo Borghini (Italy) going after her. However, van Vleuten continued to maintain her gap over Longo Borghini while up front, but not catching the lone leader. Kiesenhofer soloed to the biggest win of her career, winning the gold medal.

Van Vleuten went on to take the silver medal. She celebrated as she crossed the line, thinking that she won the gold medal. There was controversy afterward because during the race, without radio communication, the organisation had not informed riders properly that Kiesenhofer was in the lead, or by how far. [14] Longo Borghini held on to take the bronze medal. [4] [15]

Results

Result [16]
Rank#CyclistNationTimeDiff.
Gold medal icon.svg48 Anna Kiesenhofer Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 3:52:45
Silver medal icon.svg2 Annemiek van Vleuten Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 3:54:00+ 1:15
Bronze medal icon.svg7 Elisa Longo Borghini Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 3:54:14+ 1:29
420 Lotte Kopecky Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 3:54:24+ 1:39
54 Marianne Vos Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 3:54:31+ 1:46
611 Lisa Brennauer Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 3:54:31+ 1:46
728 Coryn Rivera Flag of the United States.svg  United States 3:54:31+ 1:46
86 Marta Cavalli Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 3:54:31+ 1:46
957 Olga Zabelinskaya Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan 3:54:31+ 1:46
1010 Cecilie Uttrup Ludwig Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 3:54:31+ 1:46
1122 Lizzie Deignan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 3:54:31+ 1:46
1233 Margarita Victoria García Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 3:54:31+ 1:46
1331 Ashleigh Moolman Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa 3:54:31+ 1:46
1425 Katarzyna Niewiadoma Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 3:54:31+ 1:46
151 Anna van der Breggen Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 3:54:31+ 1:46
1643 Karol-Ann Canuel Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 3:55:05+ 2:20
1750 Alena Amialiusik Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus 3:55:05+ 2:20
1824 Marta Lach Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 3:55:13+ 2:28
1940 Eugenia Bujak Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia 3:55:13+ 2:28
2041 Christine Majerus Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg 3:55:13+ 2:28
2164 Eri Yonamine Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 3:55:13+ 2:28
2249 Paula Patiño Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 3:55:15+ 2:30
2312 Liane Lippert Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 3:55:17+ 2:32
2454 Omer Shapira Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 3:55:23+ 2:38
253 Demi Vollering Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 3:55:41+ 2:56
2616 Tiffany Cromwell Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 3:55:41+ 2:56
2726 Anna Plichta Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 3:55:58+ 3:13
2834 Ane Santesteban Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 3:56:04+ 3:19
2929 Leah Thomas Flag of the United States.svg  United States 3:56:07+ 3:22
3036 Juliette Labous Flag of France.svg  France 3:56:07+ 3:22
3127 Chloé Dygert Flag of the United States.svg  United States 3:58:51+ 6:06
3244 Alison Jackson Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 3:59:47+ 7:02
3352 Tereza Neumanová Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic 3:59:47+ 7:02
3456 Arlenis Sierra Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 3:59:47+ 7:02
3547 Rasa Leleivytė Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania 3:59:47+ 7:02
3645 Leah Kirchmann Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 3:59:47+ 7:02
3737 Katrine Aalerud Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 3:59:52+ 7:07
3867 Na Ah-reum Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 4:01:08+ 8:23
3939 Tamara Dronova Russian Olympic Committee flag.png  ROC 4:01:08+ 8:23
4017 Sarah Gigante Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 4:01:08+ 8:23
4113 Hannah Ludwig Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 4:01:08+ 8:23
4221 Julie Van de Velde Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 4:01:08+ 8:23
4363 Hiromi Kaneko Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 4:01:08+ 8:23
445 Marta Bastianelli Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 4:02:16+ 9:31
4530 Ruth Winder Flag of the United States.svg  United States 4:02:16+ 9:31
4635 Marlen Reusser Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 4:02:16+ 9:31
4715 Grace Brown Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 4:02:16+ 9:31
488 Soraya Paladin Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 4:08:40+ 15:55
9 Emma Norsgaard Jørgensen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark DNF
19 Valerie Demey Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
38 Stine Borgli Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
66 Teniel Campbell Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago
62 Antri Christoforou Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus
61 Sun Jiajun Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
53 Agua Marina Espínola Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay
18 Amanda Spratt Flag of Australia.svg  Australia
14 Trixi Worrack Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
23 Anna Shackley Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain
32 Carla Oberholzer Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
42 Valeriya Kononenko Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine
46 Jutatip Maneephan Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
51 Vera Looser Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia
55 Lizbeth Salazar Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
58 Selam Amha Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia
59 Mosana Debesay Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea
60 María José Vargas Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica
65 Catalina Soto Flag of Chile.svg  Chile

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tour of Flanders for Women</span> Cycling competition

The Tour of Flanders, formerly the Tour of Flanders for Women, is an annual road bicycle racing event in Flanders, Belgium, held in early April. It is held on the same day as the men's race, on much of the same roads but at a shorter distance. Dutch riders Mirjam Melchers, Annemiek van Vleuten, Belgian Lotte Kopecky and German Judith Arndt hold the record with two wins each. Lotte Kopecky won the most recent edition in 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazakhstan at the 2012 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Kazakhstan competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's fifth appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annemiek van Vleuten</span> Dutch cyclist (born 1982)

Annemiek van Vleuten is a Dutch professional road racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Movistar Team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elisa Longo Borghini</span> Italian racing cyclist

Elisa Longo Borghini is an Italian professional road cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Lidl–Trek.

The cycling competitions of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo featured 22 events in five disciplines. The 2020 Olympics were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anna van der Breggen</span> Dutch cyclist

Anna van der Breggen is a Dutch former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2009 and 2021 for Team Flexpoint, Sengers Ladies Cycling Team, Rabo–Liv and SD Worx. She won the gold medal in the women's road race at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, and has won the Giro d'Italia Femminile on four occasions. In 2018 and 2020, she won the women's road race at the UCI Road World Championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Katarzyna Niewiadoma</span> Polish cyclist (born 1994)

Katarzyna "Kasia" Niewiadoma is a Polish racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Canyon–SRAM. Among her eighteen professional wins are the Amstel Gold Race in 2019, the Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio in 2018, and The Women's Tour stage race in 2017. She is a former national champion in both the Polish National Road Race Championships and the Polish National Time Trial Championships, winning both in 2016.

The 2015 Philadelphia Cycling Classic, known as The Parx Casino Philly Cycling Classic for sponsorship purposes, was the sixth round of the 2015 UCI Women's Road World Cup. It was held on June 7, 2015, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The event had last appeared in the Women's Road World Cup in 2001, as the Liberty Classic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anna Kiesenhofer</span> Austrian cyclist (born 1991)

Anna Kiesenhofer is an Austrian professional cyclist and mathematician, who rides for UCI Women's Team Israel Premier Tech Roland. She is currently a postdoctoral fellow in mathematics at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 La Course by Le Tour de France</span> Cycling race

The 2017 La Course by Le Tour de France with FDJ was the fourth edition of La Course by Le Tour de France, a women's cycle race held in France. The race was held before stage 18 of the 2017 Tour de France, between Briançon and the Col d'Izoard, on 20 July, and was followed by a pursuit race before stage 20 of the Tour de France. It was organised by the ASO. The first day counted also as the thirteenth race of the 2017 UCI Women's World Tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lidl–Trek (women's team)</span> American cycling team

Lidl–Trek is a professional cycling team that competes in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's World Tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cycling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race</span>

The men's individual road race event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place on 24 July 2021 on a course starting at Musashinonomori Park in Tokyo, and ending at the Fuji Speedway in Shizuoka Prefecture. 128 cyclists from 57 nations competed, with 85 completing the course.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cycling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's road time trial</span>

The men's road time trial event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place on 28 July 2021 around the Fuji Speedway in the Shizuoka Prefecture. 39 cyclists from 31 nations competed in the race, with everyone bar one rider eventually finishing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cycling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's road time trial</span>

The women's road time trial event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place on 28 July 2021 around the Fuji Speedway in Shizuoka Prefecture. 25 cyclists from 20 nations competed in the event.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race</span> Cycling race

The Women's road race of the 2020 UCI Road World Championships was a cycling event that took place on 26 September 2020 in Imola, Italy. Annemiek van Vleuten was the defending champion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Tour de France Femmes</span> Cycling race

The 2022 Tour de France Femmes was the first edition of the Tour de France Femmes, which took place from 24 to 31 July 2022. It was the 16th event in the 2022 UCI Women's World Tour and followed years of campaigning by the women's professional peloton for an equivalent race to the men's Tour de France. The race drew large crowds and had substantial international media coverage, and was highly praised by the public, media, teams and riders.

The 2022 Tour de France Femmes,, was the first edition of the current Tour de France Femmes, one of women's cycling's two grand tours. The race started on 24 July and finished on 31 July 2022, and is the 16th event in the 2022 UCI Women's World Tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Tour de France Femmes</span> Cycling race

The 2023 Tour de France Femmes was the second edition of the Tour de France Femmes. The race took place from 23 to 30 July 2023, and was the 21st race in the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour calendar. The race was organised by the Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), which also organises the men's Tour de France.

The 2023 Tour de France Femmes was the second edition of the Tour de France Femmes. The race took place from 23 to 30 July 2023, and was the 21st race in the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Tour of Flanders for Women</span> Cycling race

The 2023 Ronde van Vlaanderen was a Belgian road cycling one-day race that took place on 2 April 2023. It was the 20th edition of Tour of Flanders for Women and the 10th event of the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour.

References

  1. "Cycling Road – Results". Tokyo 2020. Archived from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Qualification System – Games of the XXXII Olympiad – Road Cycling" (PDF). UCI . Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  3. Jones, Amy (25 July 2021). "Olympics: Van Vleuten celebrates but mistakes silver for gold". CyclingNews. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 Benson, Daniel (25 July 2021). "Olympics: Shock gold for Anna Kiesenhofer in women's road race". CyclingNews. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  5. Boren, Cindy (25 July 2021). "A Dutch cyclist thought she had won Olympic gold, but an Austrian was way ahead of her". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  6. Wire, Coy; Noor Haq, Sana. "Anna Kiesenhofer is a math genius who just pulled off one of the biggest shocks in Olympics history". CNN . Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  7. "Ammattipyöräilijä Lotta Henttala odottaa esikoistaan, eikä lähde Tokion olympialaisiin". yle.fi. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  8. "Alison Jackson gets last-minute Olympic invite". cyclingmagazine.ca. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  9. "Ingen start för Emilia Fahlin i OS". sok.se. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  10. "Tokio 2020. Polska z dodatkowym miejscem, Marta Lach jedzie na igrzyska". tvp.pl. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  11. "Tokyo 2020 unveil cycling road races courses for Olympic Games". Insidethegames.biz. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  12. Frattini, Kirsten (21 July 2021). "Tokyo Olympics 2021: Women's Road Race - Preview". CyclingNews. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  13. (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20210725132203/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/CRD/OG2020-_CRD_C32C_CRDWRR----------------------------.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2021.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. Long, Jonny (25 July 2021). "Dutch riders thought they were racing for gold in Tokyo Olympics women's road race". CyclingWeekly. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  15. Windsor, Richard (25 July 2021). "Anna Kiesenhofer takes shock solo victory in Tokyo 2020 Olympics women's road race". Cycling Weekly. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  16. "Results" (PDF). 2020 Summer Olympics . Omega SA. 25 July 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2021.