The United States Sentencing Commission is an independent agency of the judicial branch of the U.S. federal government. It is responsible for articulating the U.S. Federal Sentencing Guidelines for the federal courts. The Commission promulgates the Federal Sentencing Guidelines,which replaced the prior system of indeterminate sentencing that allowed trial judges to give sentences ranging from probation to the maximum statutory punishment for the offense. It is headquartered in Washington,D.C.
Terrence William Boyle is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina. He was chief judge of that court from 1997 to 2004. He served a second term as chief judge from 2018 to 2021. From 1991 to 1993 and again from 2001 to 2007,he was a nominee to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. His federal appellate nomination from 2001 to 2007 is the longest in history not to be acted upon by the United States Senate.
U.S. President Barack Obama nominated over 400 individuals for federal judgeships during his presidency. Of these nominations,Congress confirmed 329 judgeships,173 during the 111th &112th Congresses and 156 during the 113th and 114th Congresses.
Leonard Philip Stark is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. He is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware and was a United States magistrate judge of the same district.
Pamela Ki Mai Chen is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York.
Luis Felipe Restrepo,known commonly as L. Felipe Restrepo,is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. He is a member of the United States Sentencing Commission.
James "Jay" Maxwell Moody Jr. is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas and former circuit judge for the Third Division of the Sixth Judicial District of Arkansas.
Dale Alan Drozd is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California and former Chief United States magistrate judge of the same court.
Gregory Neil Stivers is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky.
Travis Randall McDonough is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee and former chief of staff and counselor to the mayor of Chattanooga,Tennessee.
Julien Xavier Neals is an American lawyer serving as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.
John Milton Younge is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
Gary Richard Brown is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York and former United States magistrate judge of the same court.
Donald Cecil Coggins Jr. is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina.
Walter David Counts III is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. He was formerly a United States magistrate judge of the same court.
David Charles Nye is an American lawyer and jurist who is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Idaho. He was a state court judge for Idaho's Sixth District Court from 2007 to 2017,and before that spent twenty years in private practice in Idaho.
William Frederic Jung is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida.
Claria Denise Horn Boom is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky and United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky. She is a member of the United States Sentencing Commission.
Donald Trump,President of the United States from 2017 to 2021,entered office with a significant number of judicial vacancies,including a Supreme Court vacancy due to the death of Antonin Scalia in February 2016. During the first eight months of his presidency,he nominated approximately 50 judges,a significantly higher number than any other recent president had made by that point in his presidency. By June 24,2020,200 of his Article III nominees had been confirmed by the United States Senate. According to multiple media outlets,Trump significantly impacted the composition of the Supreme Court and lower courts during his tenure.
