David G. Marr | |
---|---|
Born | Macon, Georgia, United States | September 22, 1937
Citizenship | United States/Australia |
Known for | Modern history of Vietnam |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | Dartmouth College (BA) University of California, Berkeley (MA; PhD 1968) |
Doctoral advisor | Frederic Wakeman |
Academic work | |
Discipline | History |
Institutions | Cornell University,University of California,Australian National University |
David George Marr (born September 22,1937) is an American/Australian historian specializing in the modern history of Vietnam. [1]
Marr was born in Macon,Georgia,the son of Henry George (an auditor) and Louise M. (a teacher;maiden name Brown). [2] Marr studied at Dartmouth College (BA),before joining the US Marine Corps as an intelligence officer. Marr learned Vietnamese in the US,then was assigned to Vietnam in 1962. [3] He married there in April 1963,and was reassigned to marine Intelligence in Hawaii a month later. After leaving the Marines in 1964 he sought to understand the roots of Vietnamese patriotism as a graduate student at UC Berkeley (PhD 1968). He taught at University of California,Berkeley and as assistant professor at Cornell University,1969–72,while becoming increasingly engaged in documenting the case for withdrawing from Viet Nam,notably as co-director of the Indochina Resource Center (Washington and Berkeley),1971-5. In 1975 he moved to Australia with his family,in research positions as Fellow,Senior Fellow and finally Professor at the Australian National University's Research School of Pacific Studies,in Canberra. He has also been editor of Vietnam Today. He is currently Emeritus Professor and Visiting Fellow,School of Culture,History &Language at the College of Asia and the Pacific,Australian National University.
French Indochina,officially known as the Indochinese Union and after 1947 as the Indochinese Federation,was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia until its demise in 1954. It comprised Cambodia,Laos,the Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan,and the Vietnamese regions of Tonkin in the north,Annam in the centre,and Cochinchina in the south. The capital for most of its history (1902–1945) was Hanoi;Saigon was the capital from 1887 to 1902 and again from 1945 to 1954.
The First Indochina War was fought between France and Việt Minh,and their respective allies,from 19 December 1946 until 20 July 1954. Việt Minh was led by VõNguyên Giáp and HồChíMinh. Most of the fighting took place in Tonkin in Northern Vietnam,although the conflict engulfed the entire country and also extended into the neighboring French Indochina protectorates of Laos and Cambodia.
The August Revolution,also known as the August General Uprising,was a revolution launched by the Việt Minh against the Empire of Vietnam and the Empire of Japan in the latter half of August 1945. The Việt Minh,led by the Indochinese Communist Party,was created in 1941 and designed to appeal to a wider population than the communists could command.
Trường Chinh was a Vietnamese communist political leader and theoretician. He was one of the key figures of Vietnamese politics. He played a major role in the anti-French colonialism movement and finally after decades of protracted war in Vietnam,the Vietnamese defeated the colonial power. He was the think-tank of the Communist Party who determined the direction of the communist movement,particularly in the anti-French colonialism movement. After the declaration of independence in September 1945,Trường Chinh played an important role in shaping the politics of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) and creating the socialist structure of the new Vietnam.
Benedict John Kerkvliet is Emeritus Professor at the Department of Political and Social Change,School of International,Political &Strategic Studies,Australian National University. He works across the areas of comparative politics,Southeast Asia and Asian studies. Kerkvliet was born and raised in Montana,surrounded by working-class relatives and friends for whom political discussion and debate were part of life. After graduating from the local public high schools,he earned his B.A. at Whitman College and his M.A. and Ph.D. at University of Wisconsin–Madison. He taught at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa) for nearly twenty years before joining the Australian National University in 1992 where he was a Professor and Head of the Department of Political and Social Change,Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies. Kerkvliet currently resides in Hawaiʻi with his wife Melinda.
Alfred "Al" William McCoy is an American historian and educator. He is the Fred Harvey Harrington Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He specializes in the history of the Philippines,foreign policy of the United States,European colonisation of Southeast Asia,illegal drug trade,and Central Intelligence Agency covert operations.
French Cochinchina was a colony of French Indochina,encompassing the whole region of Lower Cochinchina or Southern Vietnam from 1862 to 1946. The French operated a plantation economy whose primary strategic product was rubber.
PhúRiềng Đỏ or the Red PhúRiềng was a communist-instigated strike that took place in Michelin's Thuân-Loïrubber plantation near PhúRiềng in the Biên Hòa Province of Cochinchina on 4 February 1930. Most of the plantation labourers were peasants from Tonkin and Annam driven by poverty to seek livelihood in southern Vietnam. Working and living conditions on the plantations,however,were harsh and this situation was capitalised by the communists to launch the strike. Although the strike lasted only about a week,the unfolding of events at PhúRiềng Đỏwas significant as it served as a harbinger for important tactical and strategic considerations for other communist-led uprisings that followed later in the year. Hence,while the communists may not seem to have achieved much from PhúRiềng Đỏ,it actually offered them some valuable first lessons in their anti-colonial struggle.
The Japanese invasion of French Indochina was a short undeclared military confrontation between Japan and Vichy France in northern French Indochina. Fighting lasted from 22 to 26 September 1940;the same time as the Battle of South Guangxi in the Sino-Japanese War,which was the main objective as to why Japan occupied Vietnam during this time.
David Murray Horner,is an Australian military historian and academic.
The Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina,known as MeigōSakusen,was a Japanese operation that took place on 9 March 1945,towards the end of World War II. With Japanese forces losing the war and the threat of an Allied invasion of Indochina imminent,the Japanese were concerned about an uprising against them by French colonial forces.
Trần Trọng Kim,courtesy name LệThần,was a Vietnamese scholar and politician who served as the Prime Minister of the short-lived Empire of Vietnam,a state established with the support of Imperial Japan in 1945 after Japan had seized direct control of Vietnam from Vichy France toward the end of World War II. He was an uncle of Bùi Diễm.
North Vietnam,officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam,was a socialist state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1945 to 1976,with formal sovereignty being fully recognized in 1954. A member of the Eastern Bloc,it opposed the French-backed State of Vietnam and later the Western-allied Republic of Vietnam. North Vietnam emerged victorious over South Vietnam in 1975 and ceased to exist the following year when it unified with the south to become the current Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
The 1945–46 War in Vietnam,codenamed Operation Masterdom by the British,and also known as the Southern Resistance War by the Vietnamese,was a post–World War II armed conflict involving a largely British-Indian and French task force and Japanese troops from the Southern Expeditionary Army Group,versus the Vietnamese communist movement,the Viet Minh,for control of the southern half of the country,after the unconditional Japanese surrender.
In mid-1940,Nazi Germany rapidly defeated the French Third Republic,and the colonial administration of French Indochina passed to the French State. Many concessions were granted to the Nazi-allied Empire of Japan,such as the use of ports,airfields,and railroads. Japanese troops first entered parts of Indochina in September 1940,and by July 1941 Japan had extended its control over the whole of French Indochina. The United States,concerned by Japanese expansion,started putting embargoes on exports of steel and oil to Japan from July 1940. The desire to escape these embargoes and to become self-sufficient in resources ultimately contributed to Japan's decision to attack on December 7,1941,the British Empire and simultaneously the USA. This led to the USA declaring war against Japan on December 8,1941. The US then joined the side of the British Empire,at war with Germany since 1939,and its existing allies in the fight against the Axis powers.
The New Vietnam Revolutionary Party or Revolutionary Party of the New Vietnam 1925-1930,was a non-communist revolutionary party in Vietnam's early independence movement founded by Nguyễn ThịMinh Khai.
Christopher E. Goscha is an American-Canadian historian specializing in the history of the Cold War in Asia,decolonization,and the wars for Vietnam. He teaches the history of international relations,the Vietnam Wars,and world history at the Universitédu Québec àMontréal (UQAM). He is a member of the Royal Society of Canada since 2019.
Keith Weller Taylor is an American sinologist,historian and writer noted for his expertise on Vietnamese history and Vietnamese literature. He currently is Professor of Sino-Vietnamese Cultural Studies in the Department of Asian Studies at Cornell University. Unlike most Western Vietnam historians,who write primarily about the 20th century and,in particular,about the US intervention,Taylor's research focuses mostly on pre-colonial Vietnamese history before the 20th century. He is now considered one of the pioneer experts in this field. He fought in Vietnam as a soldier in the United States Army,and subsequently has visited Vietnam for research and scholarly exchange many times and lived continuously in Vietnam for two years in the early 1990s while studying and teaching. He has researched all periods of the Vietnamese past and has developed a particular interest in Vietnamese poetry and how it has changed from generation to generation. In 2015 he received the Phan Châu Trinh Cultural Foundation Prize for Vietnamese Studies in Ho Chi Minh City.
Tran Van Soai,also known as Nam Lua,was a Vietnamese general and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Hòa Hảo.
Lam Thanh Nguyen,also known as Hai Ngoán,was a Vietnamese military leader,lieutenant general of the Vietnamese National Army and the deputy commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Hòa Hảo. Receiving French military education,he was a native of Nhơn Nghĩa village in Cần Thơ.