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A lipoma is a benign tumor made of fat tissue. They are generally soft to the touch, movable, and painless. They usually occur just under the skin, but occasionally may be deeper. Most are less than 5 cm in size. Common locations include upper back, shoulders, and abdomen. A few people have a number of lipomas.
Acanthosis nigricans is a medical sign characterised by brown-to-black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is usually found in body folds, such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the armpits, groin, navel, forehead and other areas.
Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. It results in redness, pimples, swelling, and small and superficial dilated blood vessels. Often, the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin are most involved. A red, enlarged nose may occur in severe disease, a condition known as rhinophyma.
An infantile hemangioma (IH) is a type of benign vascular tumor that affects babies. They appear as a red or blue raised lesion. Typically they begin during the first four weeks of life, grow until about five months of life, and then shrink in size over the next few years. Often skin changes remain following involution. Complications may include pain, bleeding, ulcer formation, heart failure, or disfigurement.
{{Drugbox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 464206673 | IUPAC_name = (3S,4R,5S,8R,9E,12S,14S,15R,16S,18R,19R,26aS)-3-{(E)-2-[(1R,3R,4S)-4-chloro-3 -methoxycyclohexyl]-1-methylvinyl}-8-ethyl-5,6,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,24,25,26,26a-hexadecahydro-5,19-dihydroxy-14,16-dimethoxy-4,10,12,18-tetramethyl-15,19-epoxy-3H-pyrido[2,1-c][1,4]oxaazacyclotricosin-1,7,20,21(4H,23H)-tetrone | image = Pimecrolimus2DACS.svg | width = 200 | image2 = Pimecrolimus ball-and-stick.png | tradename = Elidel | Drugs.com = Monograph | pregnancy_AU = B3 | pregnancy_US = C | legal_US = Rx-only | routes_of_administration = topical | bioavailability = low systemic absorption | protein_bound = 74%–87% | metabolism = Hepatic CYP3A | elimination_half-life = | excretion = | CAS_number_Ref =
| DrugBank = DB00337
Keratin 2A also known as keratin 2E or keratin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT2A gene.
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 also known as cytokeratin-10 (CK-10) or keratin-10 (K10) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT10 gene. Keratin 10 is a type I keratin.
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT17 gene.
Keratin 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT16 gene.
Darier's disease (DAR) is an autosomal dominant disorder discovered by French dermatologist Ferdinand-Jean Darier. Darier's is characterized by dark crusty patches on the skin that are mildly greasy and that emit a strong odor. These patches, also known as keratotic papules, keratosis follicularis, or dyskeratosis follicularis, most often appear on the scalp, forehead, upper arms, chest, back, knees, elbows, and behind the ear.
A dermatofibroma, or benign fibrous histiocytomas, is a benign skin growth.
A benign tumor is a mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize. When removed, benign tumors usually do not grow back, whereas malignant tumors sometimes do. Unlike most benign tumors elsewhere in the body, benign brain tumors can be life-threatening. Benign tumors generally have a slower growth rate than malignant tumors and the tumor cells are usually more differentiated. They are typically surrounded by an outer surface or stay contained within the epithelium. Common examples of benign tumors include moles and uterine fibroids.
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration. This can be a secondary effect of a condition that increases a person's risk of forming blood clots, including a wide array of pathological and nonpathological conditions. Examples include hyperlipidemia, microvascular hematological or anemia states, nutritional deficiencies, hyper- and autoimmune diseases, and drugs/toxins.
Michelin tire baby syndrome, is a condition occurring in babies that is characterized by multiple, symmetric, circular skin creases, or bands, on the forearms, lower legs, and often the neck that are present at birth. The creases disappear later in life. They are reminiscent of those of Bibendum, the mascot of the tire manufacturer Michelin, hence the name of the syndrome. Associated abnormalities vary and may include facial dysmorphism, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, cleft palate, genital anomalies, mild developmental delay, ureterocele, smooth muscle hamartoma, nevus lipomatosus, Laron syndrome, and other defects.
Copper(II) bromide (CuBr2) is a chemical compound. It is used in photographic processing as an intensifier and as a brominating agent in organic synthesis.
Kasabach–Merritt syndrome, also known as hemangioma with thrombocytopenia is a rare disease, usually of infants, in which a vascular tumor leads to decreased platelet counts and sometimes other bleeding problems, which can be life-threatening. It is also known as hemangioma thrombocytopenia syndrome. It is named after Haig Haigouni Kasabach and Katharine Krom Merritt, the two pediatricians who first described the condition in 1940.
Muir–Torre syndrome is a rare hereditary, autosomal dominant cancer syndrome that is thought to be a subtype of HNPCC. Individuals are prone to develop cancers of the colon, genitourinary tract, and skin lesions, such as keratoacanthomas and sebaceous tumors. The genes affected are MLH1, MSH2, and more recently, MSH6, and are involved in DNA mismatch repair.
Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud is an uncommon but distinctive acquired ichthyosiform dermatosis characterized by persistent dark, scaly, papules and plaques that tend to be localized predominantly on the central trunk.
Verruciform xanthoma is an uncommon benign lesion that has a verruciform (wart-like) appearance, but it may appear polypoid, papillomatous, or sessile. The verruciform was first described by Shafer in 1971 on the oral mucosa. Usually found on the oral mucosa of middle-aged persons, verruciform xanthomas have also been reported on the scrotum and penis of middle-aged to elderly Japanese males. While the most common site is the oral mucosa, lesions that occur elsewhere usually arise on the perineum or on the skin with some predisposing factor, such as lymphedema or an epidermal nevus.
A variety of health effects can result from tattooing. Because it requires breaking the skin barrier, tattooing carries inherent health risks, including infection and allergic reactions. Modern tattooists reduce such risks by following universal precautions, working with single-use disposable needles, and sterilising equipment after each use. Many jurisdictions require tattooists to undergo periodic bloodborne pathogen training, such as is provided through the Red Cross and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
References
- ↑ Aradi AJ, Wong J, Walsh M (March 1988). "The dimple sign of a ruptured lateral ligament of the ankle: brief report". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 70 (2): 327–8. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.70B2.3126191. PMID 3126191.
- ↑ Naversen DN, Trask DM, Watson FH, Burket JM (February 1993). "Painful tumors of the skin: "LEND AN EGG"". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 28 (2 Pt 2): 298–300. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(93)70039-V. PMID 8436643.
- ↑ Zaballos P, Llambrich A, Ara M, Olazarán Z, Malvehy J, Puig S (February 2006). "Dermoscopic findings of haemosiderotic and aneurysmal dermatofibroma: report of six patients". Br. J. Dermatol. 154 (2): 244–50. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06844.x. PMID 16433792. S2CID 22308659.
