English media personality Zara McDermott has presented six documentaries for the BBC. Whilst appearing on the fourth series of Love Island in 2018, her nude photos were shared without her consent, marking the second time it had happened to her. This became the background of her first documentary, Revenge Porn, which premiered in 2021. McDermott admitted that she had felt like the least successful person from her series of Love Island and wanted to take an unconventional approach to success. After departing from Made in Chelsea , she explained that she wanted to move on from short-term brand deals and reality television to continue making documentaries. [1]
Whilst appearing on the fourth series of Love Island in 2018, nude photos of McDermott were shared around the internet without her consent. This marked the second time it had happened to her, the first being when she was in school. She was emotional after being eliminated from Love Island and was further upset to learn of the nudes being shared. Two years later, she was contracted by BBC to make a documentary based around her experience, as well as other victims of revenge porn. They greenlit Zara McDermott: Revenge Porn and it was announced in February 2021. [2] It was billed as an informative documentary where she would discuss sexting and her experiences of revenge porn with fellow victims. McDermott emphasised that she would not shame anybody for sending nude pictures in the film. [3]
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Source | Rating |
Evening Standard | [4] |
i newspaper | [5] |
In the documentary, McDermott opened up about her school life. She revealed that at 14, she was bullied, lonely, not eating or sleeping properly. Days before her nude photos were leaked, she felt "worn down" and was in a constant state of depression that she could not lift. [6] She sent a nude photo to a boy at school that she wanted to like her, but he shared the photo to numerous friends without her consent. She knew that the images would make the bullying worse and began to contemplate suicide. A similar incident happened seven years later at the age of 21, whilst she was on Love Island. The suicidal thoughts returned and she was angered not only by the men who had shared the images, but by the victim blaming she encountered. McDermott found that people tend to focus on her having sent images to someone, rather than the pictures being shared without her consent. [6]
After the documentary's premiere, McDermott began receiving messages from over 10 women a day, telling her about their individual experiences with revenge porn and praising her film. [7] The Evening Standard praised McDermott's presenting skills, billing her as "an engaging and deeply empathetic presenter who does not shy away from grey areas". [4] They opined that the documentary should be shown in schools and gave it four out of five stars. [4] i newspaper described it as a "powerful and uncompromising documentary that centred its subjects and afforded them the dignity they had been denied". [5] They found that it "engaged with nuance" around the social issue and appreciated that it explored people's idea that some victims are more deserving of sympathy than others. They were impressed by McDermott's ability to connect with victims and to openly share her story, as well as billing her as brave for trying to contact the men who had leaked her nudes. Although i felt that the film should have covered more scrutiny of the judicial process and how rare a conviction is, [5] they hoped that people of all ages should watch the documentary, not just generation Z. [8]
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Source | Rating |
The Independent | [9] |
i newspaper | [10] |
McDermott's second documentary, Zara McDermott: Uncovering Rape Culture, delved into rape culture in the United Kingdom. She was inspired to make the documentary after she was sexually assaulted in 2017. She recalled being aged 21 and getting followed by a teenage boy in a park. He threatened that he would rape her, pushed her up against a fence and tries to pull her leggings down, before a group of people gathered and he ran away. [11] She thought the boy, who was never found by the police, was 15, and hence made it her goal to visit schools and talk about rape culture with students. [9]
Uncovering Rape Culture premiered on BBC in November 2021. [12] She kept hearing about the impact of pornography on rape culture and therefore decided to contact Pornhub about why they allow children to access their content. Unable to get through on the phone, she turned up at the headquarters of MindGeek, the company that owns Pornhub, and was dismissed from the premises after trying to gain access. The Independent hailed her as a "compassionate interviewer" in scenes where she talked with and comforts schoolgirls affected by rape culture. [9] They went on to describe her as "intrepid" for holding Pornhub accountable for their damage. They rated the documentary four out of five stars. [9] i newspaper rated it the same. They commended her for beginning a conversation about the topic and hoped that it would have an impact, as well as highlighting the scenes where she tried to enter MindGeek's premises, billing it "her own Louis Theroux moment". [10]
McDermott's third documentary film, Zara McDermott: Disordered Eating, focused on the rise of eating disorders (EDs) in young people throughout the early 2020s. It premiered on BBC in November 2022. [13] In the documentary, she talks about the trolling about her body that she received from Love Island viewers. The comments had inspired McDermott to lose weight and to begin an exercise and healthy eating journey, which she documented on her Instagram. However, after the lifestyle change, McDermott was being told that she was promoting unhealthy body standards. [14] She came up with the idea for the documentary and set out to discover if her social media, amongst other influencers, had negatively impacted others' mental health and relationship with food in the documentary. [13]
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Source | Rating |
i newspaper | [15] |
For the film, McDermott met with numerous young people suffering from eating disorders. She asked them about the connection between social media and their disorder, as well as querying if they felt she had caused people to suffer from an ED. The Courier, an online journal written by Newcastle students, wondered if McDermott was the right person to be taking on such a documentary. They wrote that while her aim to shed light on the dark side of social media was admirable, giving influencers such as McDermott more public attention could do more harm than good. [16] McDermott, however, felt that it was important for influencers to take accountability and to use their voice. She stated: "I've made sensitive films before, and I continue to make sensitive films as it's something I've learned, especially in the last year, about being reflective and being able to look within and be introspective. Often, I think, especially in this industry, there's such a need to be perfect all the time and that’s hard. I understand why, because you never want to be criticised to actually say 'I don't know this and I want to learn', and I think that's just something that I've realised over the last few years is that it's fine to not know and to explore, and it is really where the difference can happen." [13]
Women's Health praised the film for showcasing both top eating disorder clinicians and Beat, a British charity for EDs. They also appreciated that it highlighted a racial bias within the public perception of EDs, since it covered how sufferers from non-white ethnic backgrounds can go unnoticed by doctors. The magazine found the documentary in general to be "deeply affecting" but felt that the documentary did not match the seriousness of the "crisis" that EDs are. [17] The New Statesman were unimpressed with the documentary and thought that it was hypocritical for an influencer to present it, but noted that McDermott was broaching a worthy topic. [18]
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Source | Rating |
The Times | [19] |
i newspaper | [20] |
The Guardian | [21] |
McDermott's fourth documentary saw her take a break from social issues to delve into the disappearance of Gaia Pope. Pope was a British teenager who went missing in November 2017, aged 19. Her body was found 11 days later. It marked the first documentary by McDermott that spanned across multiple episodes, with the BBC ordering three parts. Of the series, she thought it was "important to tell a story of tragedy" and hoped that it captured emotion for viewers. [22] The documentary's name was derived from Dancing Ledge in Dorset, which is where Pope's body was found. [22] Gaia: A Death on Dancing Ledge premiered in July 2023. [23]
The Guardian writer Lucy Mangan found the documentary to be "a humane, meaningful look" at Pope's death. She found that the interviews with Pope's families and friends were "delicately interwoven" and appreciated the in-depth analysis into why she disappeared. [21] i newspaper journalist Ed Power appreciated McDermott's take on the documentary. He reckoned that if Netflix were to cover Pope's story, it would be "piled high with cliff-hangers and padded out to the point where it was both repulsive and dull". [20] Power was therefore thankful that McDermott had presented it before they had a chance to, since she had a "hugely compassionate" approach. [20]
The BBC announced McDermott's fifth documentary, Ibiza: Secrets of the Party Island, in July 2023, when she began filming the series. On the four-part documentary, she stated: "I’ll be discovering what makes Ibiza tick and finding out what the future might hold for this ever changing island. As the 'Instagram effect' makes Ibiza the place to be seen for more and more young Brits I’m keen to explore how the island operates and deals with the challenges this poses." [24] She first visited Ibiza in 2019 and enjoyed it enough to go back several times; McDermott then wanted to understand the phenomenon of the island and how it looks to attract a more upmarket clientele. [24]
This marked McDermott's first international documentary project. Clare Sillery, head of commissioning in BBC's documentary department, said. "Zara's popularity is down to her ability to speak at eye level to the BBC Three audience about what matters most to them, so we're thrilled she'll be bringing that insight to Ibiza for us." [24] It is set to premiere on 21 April 2024. [25]
McDermott's sixth documentary for BBC three heads for the University of Idaho, where four students were murdered in November 2022. Internet sleuths started digging for information, posting their theories online. Eventually, police were forced to publicly respond to the social media rumours to try and stop the harassment of individuals who had been targeted by the true crime community. Zara McDermott tries to find out how much of what she saw online was even real, and how much was pure speculation. [26]
Larry Claxton Flynt Jr. was an American publisher and the president of Larry Flynt Publications (LFP). LFP mainly produces pornographic magazines, such as Hustler, pornographic videos, and three pornographic television channels named Hustler TV. Flynt fought several high-profile legal battles involving the First Amendment, and unsuccessfully ran for public office. He was paralyzed from the waist down due to injuries sustained in a 1978 assassination attempt by serial killer Joseph Paul Franklin. In 2003, Arena magazine listed him at No. 1 on the "50 Powerful People in Porn" list.
Rape pornography is a subgenre of pornography involving the description or depiction of rape. Such pornography either involves simulated rape, wherein sexually consenting adults feign rape, or it involves actual rape. Victims of actual rape may be coerced to feign consent such that the pornography produced deceptively appears as simulated rape or non-rape pornography. The depiction of rape in non-pornographic media is not considered rape pornography. Simulated scenes of rape and other forms of sexual violence have appeared in mainstream cinema, including rape and revenge films, almost since its advent.
Michelle McManus is a Scottish singer, columnist, and television presenter who won the second and final series of the UK talent show Pop Idol in 2003. In January 2004, McManus made history when she became the first Scottish female artist to debut atop the UK Singles Chart with a debut single.
Ronald Jeremy Hyatt is an American writer and former pornographic actor.
Charlotte Anne Laws, also known by her stage name Missy Laws, is an American author, talk show host, animal rights advocate, anti-revenge porn activist, former politician, and actress. Laws is a former BBC News contributor and was a weekly commentator on KNBC-TV's The Filter with Fred Roggin from 2009 to 2013. She also co-hosted the Internet show,' Every Way Woman (2008–2013) and hosted a local television show called "Uncommon Sense" from October 2007 to September 2010.
Hunter Edward Moore is an American convicted criminal from Sacramento, California. Rolling Stone called him "the most hated man on the Internet." In 2010, he created the revenge porn website Is Anyone Up? which allowed users to post sexually explicit photos of people online without their consent, often accompanied by personal information such as their names and addresses. He refused to take down pictures on request. Moore called himself "a professional life ruiner" and compared himself to Charles Manson. The website was up for 16 months, during which Moore stated several times he was protected by the same laws that protect Facebook. Moore also paid a hacker to break into email accounts of victims and steal private photos to post.
Ferne Alice McCann is an English model, television personality and presenter. She was a cast member of the ITVBe reality series The Only Way Is Essex, joining in the ninth series and leaving in the eighteenth. In 2015, she participated in the fifteenth series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! and finished in third place.
Revenge porn is the distribution of sexually explicit images or videos of individuals without their consent. The material may have been made by a partner in an intimate relationship with the knowledge and consent of the subject at the time, or it may have been made without their knowledge. The subject may have experienced sexual violence during the recording of the material, in some cases facilitated by narcotics such as date rape drugs which also cause a reduced sense of pain and involvement in the sexual act, dissociative effects and amnesia. The possession of the material may be used by the perpetrators to blackmail the subjects into performing other sexual acts, to coerce them into continuing a relationship or to punish them for ending one, to silence them, to damage their reputation, and/or for financial gain. In the wake of civil lawsuits and the increasing numbers of reported incidents, legislation has been passed in a number of countries and jurisdictions to outlaw the practice, though approaches have varied and been changed over the years. The practice has also been described as a form of psychological abuse and domestic violence, as well as a form of sexual abuse.
MyEx.com was a controversial, free revenge porn website focusing on hosting nude photographs of people posted by former lovers along with their real names.
On August 31, 2014, a collection of nearly five hundred private pictures of various celebrities, mostly women, with many containing nudity, were posted on the imageboard 4chan, and swiftly disseminated by other users on websites and social networks such as Imgur and Reddit. The leak was dubbed "The Fappening" or "Celebgate" by the public. The images were initially believed to have been obtained via a breach of Apple's cloud services suite iCloud, or a security issue in the iCloud API which allowed them to make unlimited attempts at guessing victims' passwords. Apple claimed in a press release that access was gained via spear phishing attacks.
Clare Mary Smith McGlynn is a Professor of Law at Durham University in the UK. She specialises in the legal regulation of pornography, image-based sexual abuse, cyberflashing, online abuse, violence against women, and gender equality in the legal profession. In 2020, she was appointed an Honorary KC in recognition of her work on women's equality in the legal profession and shaping new criminal laws on extreme pornography and image-based sexual abuse. She was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Lund University, Sweden, in 2018 in recognition of the international impact of her research on sexual violence and she is a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences. She is a member of the UK Parliament's Independent Expert Panel hearing appeals in cases of sexual misconduct, bullying and harassment against MPs. She has given evidence before Scottish, Northern Irish and UK Parliaments on how to reform laws on sexual violence and online abuse, as well as speaking to policy audiences across Europe, Asia and Australia. In November 2019, she was invited to South Korea to share international best practice in supporting victims of image-based sexual abuse and she has worked with Facebook, TikTok and Google to support their policies on non-consensual intimate images.
Pornhub is a Canadian-owned internet pornography video-sharing website, one of several owned by adult entertainment conglomerate Aylo. As of February 2024, Pornhub is the 13th-most-visited website in the world and the second-most-visited adult website, after XVideos.
Love Island is a British dating game show. It is a revival of the earlier celebrity series of the same name, which aired for two series in 2005 and 2006. The series is the originator of the international Love Island franchise, with twenty-two versions of it having been produced so far worldwide. The show is presented by Maya Jama and narrated by Iain Stirling. The show was previously hosted by both Caroline Flack and Laura Whitmore.
Carrie Goldberg is an American lawyer specializing in sex crimes with her law firm C.A. Goldberg PLLC. She has represented: five clients who described sexual abuse committed by Harvey Weinstein; the former Democrat Member of Congress Katie Hill after her naked photos were published in the media; and the author Emma Cline after an ex-partner sued for plagiarism. Her legal cases with low-profile individuals—involving revenge porn, intimate partner violence and online abuse—often draw national media attention.
Deepfake pornography, or simply fake pornography, is a type of synthetic porn that is created via altering already-existing pornographic material by applying deepfake technology to the faces of the actors. The use of deepfake porn has sparked controversy because it involves the making and sharing of realistic videos featuring non-consenting individuals, typically female celebrities, and is sometimes used for revenge porn. Efforts are being made to combat these ethical concerns through legislation and technology-based solutions.
Nobody's Victim: Fighting Psychos, Stalkers, Pervs, and Trolls is a 2019 book by Carrie Goldberg, co-written with Jeannine Amber. It describes incidents of sexual violence experienced by Goldberg's clients and herself, as well as other famous cases. The acts of violence include rape and sexual assault, revenge porn, "doxing", "swatting", "sextortion", and abusive messages. Goldberg categorizes perpetrators as "assholes", "psychos", "pervs" or "trolls" depending on their nature, though "assholes" was omitted in the book's subtitle to avoid profanity.
Zara Nicole McDermott is an English media personality. After working for the Department for Education as a policy advisor, she became a contestant on the fourth series of Love Island (2018) and subsequently appeared on The X Factor: Celebrity (2019) and Made in Chelsea (2019–2020).
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Gaia Pope, also known as Gaia Kima Pope-Sutherland,, was a British teenager who went missing in November 2017, aged 19. Her body was found 11 days later.
Georgia Louise Harrison is an English television personality. After making her debut as a cast member on the ITVBe reality series The Only Way Is Essex in 2014, she appeared on the third series of Love Island in 2017 and has since appeared on various other television shows including The Challenge: War of the Worlds and The Challenge: War of the Worlds 2 (2019), Celebrity Ex on the Beach (2020), as well as fronting a documentary, Revenge Porn: Georgia vs Bear (2023) and returning for Love Island: All-Stars (2024)
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