Dreaming My Dreams is the twenty-second studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings. The album was co-produced with Jack Clement and recorded at Glaser Sound Studios in Nashville, Tennessee, between February and July 1974.
Following the 1972 renewal of his contract with RCA Records, Jennings gained artistic freedom and started to produce his own records - a feat unheard of amongst artists signed to major Nashville record labels at the time. He changed his image to reflect the emerging outlaw movement which himself and other like-minded artists were driving in rebellion against the powerful and controlling Nashville recording establishment. Jennings recorded the critically acclaimed Lonesome, On'ry and Mean and Honky Tonk Heroes, and the commercial success This Time.
Jennings left the recording studios of RCA and moved his operation to the Glaser Sound Studio. After producer Clement married Jennings' sister-in-law and they became acquainted, Jennings was inspired to record an album upon hearing Allen Reynolds singing "Dreaming My Dreams with You" during a demo session hosted by Clement.
Dreaming My Dreams was released in June 1975, and instantly received critical acclaim from publications such as Rolling Stone, with critics praising the choice of songs and Jennings' vocals. It topped the country albums chart and peaked at number forty-nine on the Billboard's Top LPs & Tapes. It was certified gold by the RIAA and Jennings won the Male Vocalist of the Year Country Music Association award.
Rolling Stone magazine ranked Dreaming My Dreams at No. 2 on its list of the 100 Greatest Country Albums of All Time.[1]
Background
In 1972, Jennings' new manager Neil Reshen renegotiated the artist's contract with RCA Records. Under the new deal, Jennings received complete artistic control over his output.[2] As a leading figure in the emerging outlaw movement, Jennings changed his image. He grew his beard and started to wear jeans, a hat, and leather vests during live performances.[3] Jennings produced his next album, 1973's Lonesome, On'ry and Mean, himself and with the backing of his own band - as opposed to the label's elected band as was the conventional industry-wide practice. The same year he released the critically acclaimed album Honky Tonk Heroes, composed mainly of songs by then unknown songwriter Billy Joe Shaver.[4]
Recording at RCA's Nashville studios with the label's personnel did not please Jennings. During the sessions for the album This Time, he moved his operation to Glaser Sound Studio. RCA initially refused to release the record, citing their agreement with the Engineers Union. The deal established that RCA artists could only record in the company's studio with label engineers.[5] In a September 1973 interview with The Tennessean, Neil Reshen said RCA Records had violated Jennings' contract and talked about the possibility of signing the singer to another label. RCA Nashville director Jerry Bradley and New York-based label executive Mel Ilberman decided to allow Jennings to record at Glaser Sound, and broke RCA's deal with the Engineers Union.[6] Citing Jennings as a precedent, RCA artists requested to be allowed to record in external facilities. Eventually, the label sold its Nashville studios. This Time topped Billboard's Top Country Albums chart.[7]
Recording and composition
Dreaming My Dreams is the only Jennings album produced (in part) by "Cowboy" Jack Clement, an eccentric ex-Marine and former bluegrass sideman who was Sam Phillips right-hand man at Sun Records, producing Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis. Jennings later declared, "He was a sheer-out genius, all soul. If you got around him at the right moment, he could put the world back on track."[8] As Rich Kienzle observes in the liner notes to the 2001 reissue of the album, Clement and the renegade Jennings were kindred spirits when it came to their outlook on recording:
"In an era when most Nashville producers favored formulas over creativity, Clement viewed the studio as a painter viewed a blank canvas. To him, even the most whimsical or uncommon ideas were worth trying. Like Phillips, he favored an organic approach: recording singer and musicians together, live, in the studio and overdubbing only when necessary. Anything else, he felt, robbed a performance of soul and spontaneity."
Jennings c. 1973-74
After Jack Clement married Waylon Jennings' sister-in-law, Clement invited him to a Thursday night demo session in his personal studio.[9] Clement's friend, Allen Reynolds, gave Jennings his recently written song "I Recall a Gypsy Woman", and later his co-composition with Bob McDill "Dreaming My Dreams With You". The latter inspired Jennings to record an album.[10] The singer later remembered, "Jack liked to record musicians without earphones, trying to set up an environment that was live without sacrificing acoustics. He wanted everybody to be in the room, to be able to hear and see and interact with each other...He would always try to get as much of it live as he could, though he was riveted on the rhythm section. The main thing was to capture the drums and bass, and even if you got the bass just right, you could work from there."[11] Co-producing with Jack Clement, Jennings was backed by session musicians and his band members; drummer Richie Albright, bassist Duke Goff and steel-guitarist Ralph Mooney.[12] After tracking "I Recall A Gypsy Woman" and "Dreaming My Dreams with You" Jennings recorded the testosterone-driven "Waymore's Blues," a song he wrote with Curtis Buck and inspired by Jimmie Rodgers' songs.[10] The sessions were halted because of miscommunication with Jennings and problems caused by his drug use. While recording "Waymore's Blues", Clement tried to eject Jennings' wife and her sister from the control room. Confused by Clement's gestures, Jennings assumed that the producer was distracted by talking to the women instead of following the session.[13] The singer left the studio for two weeks and was persuaded to return after having dinner with Clement and his wife.[14] When Jennings and Clement returned to redo "Waymore's Blues," they found that they could not reproduce the feel of the original track. They decided to use the original on the album, and this explains the abrupt fade at the end of the song - to cover up Jennings storming out of the studio.
Although Jennings was at the forefront of "progressive" country music during this time, many of the songs on Dreaming My Dreams are rooted in the past, with Jennings celebrating his musical heroes and the cowboy tradition. As music critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine in his review of the LP on AllMusic:
"This is an unabashedly romantic album, not just in its love songs, but in its tributes to Waylon's heroes. 'Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way' opens and 'Bob Wills Is Still the King' closes the album - making Jennings an heir apparent to their legacies. Between those two extremes, Waylon appropriates Jimmie Rodgers ('Waymore's Blues'), covers Roger Miller ('I've Been a Long Time Leaving'), ups the outlaw ante ('Let's All Help the Cowboys'), and writes and records as many sentimental tunes as possible without seeming like a sissy."
Songwriter Billy Ray Reynolds, who had befriended Ernest Tubb's bassist, told Jennings of an expression used by Tubb's band the Texas Troubadours. During breaks from the Midnight Jamboree, moving from Tubb's Record Shop to the air-conditioned bus, the musicians would ask if "Hank done it this way".[13] While driving to the sessions for Dreaming My Dreams, inspired by the line and Hank Williams' influence, Jennings wrote on an envelope the lyrics to "Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way." He recorded the song upon his arrival to the studio.[15] In the book Outlaw: Waylon, Willie, Kris, and the Renegades of Nashville, Clement told author Michael Streissguth, "That was one of the key tracks. We'd worked on it. I played something on it, guitar or something. Then he left, and I started mixing it. And I mixed it in a whole different way. I brought them guitars way up there, and he came in the next day or whenever we got back there and listened to it and loved it." Jennings later said of the song:
With its relentless four-on-the-floor rhythm, phased guitars, and eerie drums, 'Hank' didn't sound like a standard country song. There was no clear-cut verse and chorus, no fiddle middle break, no bridge, nothing but an endless back-and-forth seesaw between two chords. Jack mixed the guitars together so they sounded like one huge instrument, matching their equalization settings so you couldn't tell where one blended into the other. It felt like a different music, and Outlaw was as good a description as any.[16]
Jennings also recorded the Hank Williams song "Let's Turn Back the Years." In his autobiography Jennings recalls, "I felt chills all over me the first time I heard Hank Williams sing 'Lost Highway.' I would stay up late on Saturday night listening for him, happy if I could just hear him speak. I always wanted to be a singer, but he etched it in stone."[17] Clement provided backing vocals to his original composition "Let's All Help the Cowboys (Sing the Blues)" and Autry Inman's "She's Looking Good".[18] The last addition to the LP, "Bob Wills Is Still The King" was recorded live in Austin, Texas, on September 27, 1974.[19] The production of the record lasted six months, between February and July 1974.[12]
"Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way" backed with "Bob Wills Is Still The King", was released in August 1974,[20] and topped the Hot Country Singles chart, while "Dreaming My Dreams with You," backed with "Waymore's Blues," peaked at number ten on that chart.[21] In his 1996 autobiography, Waylon, Jennings called Dreaming My Dreams his favorite among the albums he recorded. The liner notes, that stated that "the human voice is the only instrument that manages to give a glimpse of [Jennings'] soul", were written by Neil Diamond.[22] The 2001 reissue features the bonus tracks "All Around Cowboy" and Billy Joe Shaver's "Ride Me Down Easy" from the film Mackintosh and T.J. starring Roy Rogers.
Tony Glover of Rolling Stone described Jennings as "an ultimate performer". Comparing his studio recordings with his live performances, Glover said Jennings' work in the studio "seems to aim more for the midnight mind."[24]Billboard praised Jennings' blend of Country music with other genres. The review said "...the show belongs to Jennings' powerfully distinctive voice and the excellent production of the artist and Jack Clement." It called the recordings a "solid mix of ballad and rockers, some straight country and lots that cannot be classified," and said Jennings is "one of the few artists whose voice is immediately recognizable."[25]Stereo Review praised the album, called Jennings "one of the rare good singers capable of playing his own lead guitar," and called the instrumental breaks "witty and surprising."[18]
The American Home delivered a favorable review, saying the release "features fine interpretive material."[26]Allmusic rated the album five stars out of five, calling it "[Jennings'] best album since Honky Tonk Heroes, and one of the few of his prime outlaw period to deliver from beginning to end".[27] In the liner notes to the 2001 reissue of the LP, country music historian Rich Kienzle calls Jennings' singing on the title track, "a moving performance, brimming with passion and eloquence that in many ways summarized his musical essence."
Dreaming My Dreams is considered one of the greatest country albums ever released.[28]
Waylon Arnold Jennings was an American singer, songwriter, musician, and actor. He is considered a chief pioneer of the outlaw movement in country music, and was one of the most commercially successful country artists from the late 1960s to the late 1980s, with a string of number one hits and critically acclaimed albums following his rebellion against the conservative Nashville recording industry.
Outlaw country is a subgenre of American country music created by a small group of iconoclastic artists active in the 1970s and early 1980s, known collectively as the outlaw movement, who fought for and won their creative freedom outside of the Nashville establishment that dictated the sound of most country music of the era. Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, Merle Haggard, Johnny Cash, Kris Kristofferson, Johnny Paycheck and David Allan Coe were among the movement's most commercially successful members.
Mirriam Johnson, known professionally as Jessi Colter, is an American country singer who is best known for her collaborations with her second husband, country musician Waylon Jennings, and for her 1975 crossover hit "I'm Not Lisa".
Leavin' Town is the second studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released in 1966 via RCA Victor. It peaked at #3 on the Billboard country albums chart.
The One and Only is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released in 1967 on RCA Camden. It peaked at #19 on the Billboard country albums chart.
Country-Folk is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings featuring the Kimberlys on vocals. It was released in 1969 on RCA Victor.
Ladies Love Outlaws is an album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Nashville in 1972. Together with Jennings' previous album Good Hearted Woman, it marks his transition toward his Outlaw Country image and style. "Ladies Love Outlaws" coined the use of the term "Outlaw" to refer to the country music subgenre, which was developing at the time of its release.
Lonesome, On'ry and Mean is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1973. It was, after Good Hearted Woman and Ladies Love Outlaws, the third in a series of albums which were to establish Jennings as one of the most prominent representatives of the outlaw country movement. Like its successor, Honky Tonk Heroes, the album is considered an important milestone in the history of country music. It represented the first of Jennings' works produced and recorded by himself, following his fight for artistic freedom against the constraints of the Nashville recording establishment.
Honky Tonk Heroes is a country music album by Waylon Jennings, released in 1973 on RCA Victor. With the exception of the final track on the album, "We Had It All", all of the songs on the album were written or co-written by Billy Joe Shaver. The album is considered an important piece in the development of the outlaw sub-genre in country music as it revived the honky tonk music of Nashville and added elements of rock and roll to it.
This Time is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1974, at the peak of the outlaw country movement. It was produced by Jennings and Willie Nelson.
Wanted! The Outlaws is a compilation album by Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Jessi Colter, and Tompall Glaser, released by RCA Records in 1976. The album consists of previously released material with four new songs. Released to capitalize on the new outlaw country movement, Wanted! The Outlaws earned its place in music history by becoming the first country album to be platinum-certified, reaching sales of one million.
Waylon & Willie is a duet studio album by American singers Waylon Jennings and Willie Nelson, released by RCA Records in 1978. In the US, it stayed at #1 album on the country album charts for ten weeks and would spend a total of 126 weeks on the country charts.
Greatest Hits is a compilation album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released in 1979 by RCA Records.
Are You Ready for the Country is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1976.
Ol' Waylon is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings. It was released on RCA Victor in 1977. It eventually became one of Jennings' highest-selling albums, due in no small part to the phenomenal success of the chart-topping "Luckenbach, Texas ." It was also the singer's fourth solo album in a row to reach the top of the country charts, remaining there for thirteen weeks and becoming country music's first platinum album by any single solo artist.
I've Always Been Crazy is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1978.
What Goes Around Comes Around is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1979.
Black on Black is a studio album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1982.
"Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Waylon Jennings. It was released in August 1975 as the first single from the album Dreaming My Dreams. The song was Jennings' fourth number one on the country chart as a solo artist, and it remained at number one for one week and spent a total of sixteen weeks on the country charts. The song was one of many major hits for Jennings, and became an anthem of the outlaw country movement, as well as the wider genre.
"Bob Wills Is Still the King" is a song written and performed by American country music artist Waylon Jennings, as a tribute of sorts to the Western swing icon Bob Wills.
References
Albertson, Chris (1975). "Waylon Jennings: One Cowboy Who Needs No Help With His Hits". Stereo Review (35). CBS Magazines.
American Home Staff (1975). "New Music Releases". The American Home (78). Doubleday & Doran, inc.
Billboard staff (1975). "Top Album Picks". Billboard. Vol.87, no.25. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN0006-2510.
Country Music Foundation (1994). Country. The music and the musicians: from the beginnings to the '90s. Country Music Foundation. ISBN978-1-558-59879-9.
Diamond, Neil (1975). Dreaming My Dreams (LP). Waylon Jennings. RCA Records. APL1-1062.
Erlewine, Stephen Thomas; Bogdanov, Vladimir; Woodstra, Chris (2003). All Music Guide to Country: The Definitive Guide to Country Music. ISBN9780879307608.
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