Joseph Mallord William Turner, known in his time as William Turner, was an English Romantic painter, printmaker and watercolourist. He is known for his expressive colouring, imaginative landscapes and turbulent, often violent marine paintings. He left behind more than 550 oil paintings, 2,000 watercolours, and 30,000 works on paper. He was championed by the leading English art critic John Ruskin from 1840, and is today regarded as having elevated landscape painting to an eminence rivalling history painting.
The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, 16th October, 1834 is the title of two oil on canvas paintings by J. M. W. Turner, depicting different views of the fire that broke out at the Houses of Parliament on the evening of 16 October 1834. They are now in the Philadelphia Museum of Art and Cleveland Museum of Art.
Dido building Carthage, or The Rise of the Carthaginian Empire is an oil on canvas painting by J. M. W. Turner. The painting is one of Turner's most important works, greatly influenced by the luminous classical landscapes of Claude Lorrain. Turner described it as his chef d'oeuvre. First exhibited at the Royal Academy summer exhibition in 1815, Turner kept the painting until he left it to the nation in the Turner Bequest. It has been held by the National Gallery in London since 1856.
Sunrise with Sea Monsters is an unfinished oil painting by English artist J. M. W. Turner.
Snow Storm, or Snow Storm: Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth, is a painting by English artist Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775–1851) from 1842.
The Dort, or Dort or Dordrecht: The Dort packet-boat from Rotterdam becalmed is an 1818 painting by J. M. W. Turner, based on drawings made by him in mid September 1817. It shows a view of the harbour of Dordrecht. It is the finest example of the influence of Dutch marine painting on Turner's work.
Fishermen at Sea, sometimes known as the Cholmeley Sea Piece, is an early oil painting by English artist J. M. W. Turner. It was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1796 and has been owned by the Tate Gallery since 1972. It was the first oil painting by Turner to be exhibited at the Royal Academy. It was praised by contemporary critics and burnished Turner's reputation, both as an oil painter and as a painter of maritime scenes.
Peace – Burial at Sea is an oil painting on canvas by the English Romantic artist J. M. W. Turner (1775–1851), first exhibited in 1842. The painting serves as a memorial tribute to Turner's contemporary, the Scottish painter Sir David Wilkie (1785–1841), depicting Wilkie's burial at sea off Gibraltar. It was intended as a companion piece to War. The Exile and the Rock Limpet which alludes to the sordid demise of the former Emperor of France Napoleon Bonaparte. The two works are characterized by their sharply contrasting colours and tones: War utilizes a strident yellow and red while Peace is painted a cool blend of white, blue and black.
Cologne, the Arrival of a Packet Boat in the Evening is an 1826 landscape painting by the British artist Joseph Mallord William Turner. It shows a scene as the Rhine River passes through the city of Cologne as a packet boat arrives. Visible on the skyline to the right is Great St. Martin Church, Cologne.
The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire is an 1817 history painting by the British artist William Turner. It shows the Sun setting on the city of Carthage, capital of Ancient Carthage. Carthage had been the major rival of the Roman Empire until its defeat in the Punic Wars. Turner intended to draw comparisons with Britain's recent defeat of its own major rival the French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. Stylistically it is inspired by the work of the seventeenth century artist Claude Lorrain.
East Cowes Castle is an 1828 landscape painting by the British artist J. M. W. Turner. It depicts the Cowes Regatta and is sometimes known as The Regatta Starting for their Moorings to distinguish it from a companion piece The Regatta Beating to Windward.
Frosty Morning is an 1813 landscape painting by the British artist J. M. W. Turner. Based on a sketch made when Turner was journeying to Yorkshire and the coach paused. It depicts a bright but frosty early morning in winter and group of men clearing a ditch at the side of the road. The girl in the painting, with a hare stole around her shoulders, is believed to be modelled on Turner's eldest daughter Evelina.
Forum Romanum is an 1826 cityscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner depicting the Roman Forum in the Italian capital of Rome. Painted during the Regency era it features surviving buildings from Ancient Rome seen in the afternoon light. It looks towards the Capitoline Hill with the Arch of Titus on the left and the Basilica of Constantine on the right.
The Bay of Baiae, with Apollo and the Sibyl is an 1823 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It shows a view of the Bay of Baiae in the Gulf of Naples. Combining genres, it also features the Cumaean Sibyl encountering the god Apollo in the foreground. Turner had sketched Baiae during his 1819 visit to Italy, and this provided the basis for this work produced in London.
The Prince of Orange, William III, Embarked from Holland, and Landed at Torbay, November 4th, 1688, after a Stormy Passage is an 1832 marine history painting by the English artist Joseph Mallord William Turner. It depicts an event from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 when William III had landed at Brixham. It is also known by the shorter title The Prince of Orange Landing at Torbay.
The Garreteer's Petition is an 1809 genre painting by the British artist J. M. W. Turner. It depicts a struggling young poet in his garret at night. On the wall is an image of Mount Parnassus, the mythological home of the Muses. The work is a parody of the popular image of a struggling young artistic type.
Ploughing Up Turnips, near Slough ('Windsor') is an 1809 oil-on-canvas painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner combining elements of landscape art and genre painting. It depicts a view of Windsor in Berkshire, some miles west of London. Despite the presence of Windsor Castle and Eton College on the skyline, the focus is on the farm labourers harvesting turnips during the winter. The turnips were then used to fatten cattle.
Sun Rising through Vapour is a c.1807 landscape painting by the English artist J.M.W. Turner. Also known by the longer title Sun Rising through Vapour: Fishermen Cleaning and Selling Fish it depicts a scene on the English coast.
Crossing the Brook is an 1815 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It depicts a view towards Plymouth down the Tamar valley. Turner gave the English countryside an Italianate look. He produced it based on sketches he had made during a trip to Devon in 1813.
Walton Bridges is a c.1806 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It depicts a view on the River Thames at Walton. Two stone bridges existed at the time, creating twin parabolas. This had replaced the older mid-eighteenth century bridge once painted by Canaletto. Rather than displaying it at the Summer Exhibition of the Royal Academy, he possibly exhibited at his own studio in Queen Anne Street. 1807.
