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The Kassites were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire c. 1531 BC and until c. 1155 BC.
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Agum II was possibly a Kassite ruler who may have become the 8th or more likely the 9th king of the third Babylonian dynasty sometime after Babylonia was defeated and sacked by the Hittite king Mursilis I in 1595 BC, establishing the Kassite Dynasty which was to last in Babylon until 1155 BC. A later tradition, the Marduk Prophecy, gives 24 years after a statue was taken, before it returned of its own accord to Babylon, suggesting a Kassite occupation beginning around 1507 BC.
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The Kingdom of Khana or Kingdom of Hana was the Syrian kingdom from Hana Land in the middle Euphrates region north of Mari, which included the ancient city of Terqa. The kingdom emerged during the decline of the First Babylonian Dynasty. A newer view is that only the initial six rulers lived during that time and that after an interregnum, Khana re-emerged in the Middle Babylonian period under the last six kings. The Low Chronology dating scheme for Hana has gained much support. The kingdom was located in the middle Euphrates close to the junction of Khabur River. Its capital was the town of Terqa.
The Chronicle of Early Kings, named ABC 20 in Grayson’s Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles and CM 40 in Glassner’s Chroniques mésopotamiennes is a Babylonian chronicle preserved on two tablets: tablet A is well preserved whereas tablet B is broken and the text is fragmentary. The text is episodic in character, and seems to have been composed from linking together the apodoses of omen literature, excerpts of the Weidner Chronicle and kings year-names. The Chronicle begins with events from the late third-millennium reign of Sargon of Akkad and ends, where the tablet is broken away, with the reign of Agum III, c. 1500 BC.
References
- ↑ J. A. Brinkman (1976). "A Chronology of the Kassite Dynasty". Materials for the Study of Kassite History, Vol. I (MSKH I). Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. pp. 9–11.
- ↑ Albrecht Goetze (1964). "The Kassites and near Eastern Chronology". Journal of Cuneiform Studies. 18 (4): 97–101. doi:10.2307/1359248. JSTOR 1359248.
- ↑ William James Hamblin (2007). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. Taylor & Francis. p. 181.
- 1 2 Schwartz, Glenn M. (2013). Joan Aruz; Sarah B. Graff; Yelena Rakic (eds.). An Amorite Global Village. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-58839-475-0.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ↑ Podany, Amanda H. “Hana and the Low Chronology.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 73, no. 1, 2014, pp. 49–71
- ↑ Arnold, Bill T. (2005). Who Were The Babylonians?. BRILL. p. 46. ISBN 90-04-13071-3.
- ↑ Douglas Frayne (1990). Old Babylonian period (2003-1595 BC): Early Periods, Volume 4 (RIM The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia). University of Toronto Press. p. 727.
- ↑ J. A. Brinkman. "Gandaš". MSKH I. pp. 127–128.
- ↑ Peter Stein (2000). Die mittel- und neubabylonischen Königsinschriften bis zum Ende der Assyr erherrschaft. Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 149–150.
- ↑ Michael C. Astour (Apr–Jun 1986). "The Name of the Ninth Kassite Ruler". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 106 (2): 327–331. doi:10.2307/601597. JSTOR 601597.
- ↑ L. Sassmannshausen (2000). "The adaptation of the Kassites to the Babylonian Civilization". In K. Van Lerberghe; G. Voet (eds.). Languages and Cultures in Contact at the Crossroads of Civilizations in the Syro-Mesopotamia Realm. Peeters Publishers. pp. 413–414.
- ↑ Johannes Boese (2008). ""Ḫarbašipak", "Tiptakzi" und die Chronologie der älteren Kassitenzeit". Zeitschrift für Assyriologie (98): 201–210.
- ↑ J. A. Brinkman (March 2014). "The Seventh and Eighth Kings of the Kassite Dynasty" (PDF). Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires (N.A.B.U.) (1): 31–32.
