El Paso Police Department

Last updated
El Paso Police Department
El Paso PD Patch.jpg
EPPD Shoulder Patch
El Paso PD Badge.png
EPPD Badge (Since 2004) (Used on side doors of new fleet of marked police cars) [1]
AbbreviationEPPD
Agency overview
Employees1,341 (2020)
Annual budget$158 million (2020) [2]
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionEl Paso, Texas, USA
Population682,686 (2018)
General nature
Operational structure
Headquarters El Paso, Texas
Agency executive
  • Peter Pacillas, Chief of Police
Website
El Paso Police

El Paso Police Department (EPPD) is the principal law enforcement agency serving El Paso, Texas, United States. As of Fiscal Year 2014, the agency had an annual budget of more than $118 million and employed around 1,300 personnel, including approximately 1,100 officers. [3] Greg Allen was appointed as the EPPD's chief of police in March 2008 [4] and served until his death in January 2023. [5]

Contents

History

Early history

El Paso City Marshal Dallas Stoudenmire Dallas Stoudenmire.jpg
El Paso City Marshal Dallas Stoudenmire

The early history of the department is difficult to study. Many older newspaper accounts are inaccurate and documents from before about 1950 were lost in a fire. [6] Newspaper accounts were often heavily exaggerated for local entertainment value or to bolster a "wild west" image for the city to readers in the eastern United States. [7]

The formal establishment date for the department is 1884, but historical references to the department exist before that official date. [7] During this period, the department employed a series of City Marshals who were known to be as rough and wild as the criminals in the frontier town, with shootouts and small scale wars being much more common than today for example in 1881 the "Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight." . Some marshals were involved in confrontations out of town including the El Paso Salt War and the Lincoln County War. It was also not unheard of to have local, state and federal law enforcement at odds, including armed confrontations. [7]

In 1889, the police department had its first appointed chief, T.C. Lyons. Lyons had previously served in the Fire Department and was not the typical "rough" character previously known in El Paso law enforcement. His tenure may mark the beginning of the more modern and civilized approach to law enforcement in the city. [7]

20th century

An El Paso Police patrol officer (dark uniform) and an El Paso fireman (light uniform) help provide security and protection at a 1989 wrestling event at the El Paso Civic Center. Andre the Giant in the late '80s.jpg
An El Paso Police patrol officer (dark uniform) and an El Paso fireman (light uniform) help provide security and protection at a 1989 wrestling event at the El Paso Civic Center.

Newspaper accounts show the police starting to use motor vehicles for law enforcement in 1909. Fingerprinting began in 1915. [7] By the 1920s, pictures are available showing some of these advancements. [6] Radar was introduced for speed enforcement in 1955, and the department formed its first SWAT unit in 1972. [7] For a couple years, until 1976, the department had a mounted patrol, the only one in Texas at the time. [8]

In 1946, the department hired its first African American officer (the official website states that four African American veterans were appointed in 1945 [7] ) However, between that time and the 1970s-1980s, black officers were not allowed to do many of the things other officers could do, including arrests, driving vehicles or writing reports. The current chief, Greg Allen, is the department's first African American chief. [6] The department started actively recruiting women in the 1940s, but none actually served as officers until 1974. [7] However, during this time women actively served as "meter maids" or worked in the jail. Today, several women have achieved high ranks in the police department and the department has hosted the Women in Law Enforcement conference multiple times. [6] [9]

In 1972, the department opened a second station to serve the east side and parts of the lower valley. Growth since then has increased the number of stations to five (not including the central command). [6] In the 1990s and early 2000s, the department has implemented many other advancements, including computers, cameras and non-lethal weapons like the Taser. [7]

Recent history

Community policing has been an important goal of the police department in recent years. A 2011 study showed that police officers were spending 75% of their time responding to calls and 25% of their time on administrative work with little time left over for community patrols. Since the study, the department implemented several reforms to free up officer time, including privatized prisoner transport from stations to the jail, a call center for non-urgent reports and changes in the ways officers are called to testify. The goal is for "60-20-20" or 60% of time on reactive work (responding to calls), 20% of time on administrative tasks and 20% of time for community patrols and community involvement. [10] [11]

In 2012, the City Council honored Lt. Charles Harvey for serving in the department for 45 years. Harvey is the longest-serving member of the department and currently presides over the Criminal Investigation Division and Tactical Unit at the Central Regional Command. He told an El Paso Times reporter that he does not plan to retire any time soon. [12]

Despite being near the border with Mexico and across the river from Ciudad Juarez (one of the most violent cities in the western hemisphere), El Paso is a very safe city with low crime. This may be caused by the high immigrant population in the city and the generally immigrant-welcoming environment. [13] El Paso has been in the top three large cities (500,000+ population) with the lowest crime rates since 1997, and took the #1 spot for 2010–2013. [14] [15]

Proposed consolidation with county sheriff's office

For years, city officials and officials in the El Paso County government have been discussing a possible consolidation of EPPD with the El Paso County Sheriff's Office to reduce costs and improve law enforcement capability in the area. Proponents of this change include current sheriff Richard Wiles, city manager Joyce Wilson and others. Possible methods of consolidation include a Las Vegas style merger with the sheriff in charge of all aspects of policing or a split consolidation with the sheriff in charge of some things and a police chief in charge of others. [16] All El Paso County sheriffs since 1985 have been former EPPD officers, including current Sheriff Wiles, who was formerly EPPD's chief. [6]

Obstacles to consolidation include questions of who would control the metropolitan agency, training levels and the complexity of combining the departments. [17]

As of late 2013, the process of consolidation has not gone forward beyond talks. [18]

Around 2008, forward e-mails titled "El Paso Police Pinata" or "One cop, three bad guys" were in circulation. The e-mails included graphic and bloody pictures of three men who were apparently shot by a police officer who was standing over them with his firearm. [19] The e-mail claimed that the men came from Ciudad Juarez and attempted to rob an off-duty El Paso Police officer, who killed them all in retaliation. One image is captioned "Do you realize how much the US taxpayer saved by not having to prosecute these worthless thugs?". [20] Internet forum users and bloggers determined that the incident in question likely occurred in Brazil years earlier and certainly did not occur in El Paso. [21] [22]

In 2012, F/X Networks filmed portions of their new show, The Bridge , in El Paso. For one scene, Sheriff Richard Wiles was dressed as an El Paso patrol officer guarding a crime scene. Sheriff Wiles (a former EPPD chief) helped the show's creators with their research so they could more accurately portray law enforcement in Juarez and El Paso. [23]

Specialized units

*Regional Operations (Patrol) Archived 2015-12-22 at the Wayback Machine

*COMSAR Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine

*Training/Academy Archived 2015-09-15 at the Wayback Machine

*Bomb Squad Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine

*SWAT Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine

*Dignitary Protection Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine

*Internal Affairs Archived 2015-10-13 at the Wayback Machine

[9]

Patrol divisions

[9]

Ranks

RankInsignia Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine
Chief 4 Gold Stars.svg
Assistant Chief 3 Gold Stars.svg
Commander 1 Gold Star.svg
Lieutenant US-O1 insignia.svg
Sergeant U.S. police sergeant rank (black and yellow).svg
Patrol Officer (20+ years)
TX - El Paso 20 Year Officer.png
Patrol Officer (15–19 years)
TX - El Paso 15 Year Officer.png
Patrol Officer (10–14 years)
TX - El Paso 10 Year Officer.png
Patrol Officer (5–9 years)
TX - El Paso 5 Year Officer.png
Patrol Officer (<5 years)none

Chief of Police history

The Chiefs of Police are chronicled up until John E. Scagno in the 1991 Annual Report. [24] The 1991 annual report prepends S. W. Boring and T. B. White as the first and second Chief of Police compared to the 1973 El Paso Police Annual Report. [25]

No.LastFirstStart dateFinish dateNotes
1BoringSamuel WatsonJune 9, 1883technically City Marshal [26]
2WhiteT. B.August 21, 1885
3LyonsT. C.August 16, 1889
4WilliamCaplesJune 5, 1891
5PayneJ. B.November 17, 1893
6MiltonJ. D.August 10, 1894
7FinkE. M.January 17, 1896
8HildebrandH. R.July 16, 1896name spelled as "Hildebrant" on EPSO's history web page and "Hillebrand" or "Hilderbrand" in some sources; also served as the El Paso County Sheriff. [27]
9LockhartC. K.August 10, 1899
10WhiteJames H.August 16, 1901previously served as El Paso County Sheriff [28]
11EdwardsPeyton J.April 3, 1903First turn of two as Chief; would serve as El Paso County Sheriff from 1910–1916 before his second turn as Chief.
12MitchellW. A.November 8, 1906
13CampbellGeorge C.January 7, 1909 [29] resigned, unlisted in Annual Reports
13.5EyckWill Teninterim [30]
14JenkinsBenjamin F. [29] January 21, 1909First turn of two as Chief
15DavisI. N.March 14, 1912
16JohnsonDonMay 4, 1915
17ZabriskiB. J.June 6, 1916
18PollockCharles E. [31] October 11, 1917
19PhoenixP. Harry [32] January 9, 1919Incorrectly given in Annual Reports as "H. P.". Would die in 1921 by gunfire in the line of duty.
20MontgomeryJ. R. [33] July 3, 1919Middle initial is incorrectly given as "A." in Annual Reports.
21EdwardsPeyton J.December 2, 1920Second turn of two as Chief
22JenkinsBenjamin F.December 7, 1922Second turn of two as Chief
23ReederJ. D.May 31, 1923
24ArmstrongT. C.October 12, 1925
25RobeyLawrence T. [34] August 1, 1928First of three turns as Chief
26LacklandThomas G.June 7, 1937
27FitzgeraldJ. W.January 24, 1938
28RobeyLawrence T.August 16, 1939Second of three turns as Chief
29DrennanRobert D. [35] November 1, 1943
30RobeyLawrence T.August 16, 1945Third of three turns as Chief
31FitzgeraldJ. W.December 12, 1948
32WoolvertonW. C.April 14, 1949
33VinsonW. R.May 1, 1951
34RisingerJohn C. [36] October 1, 1953
35JonesHowardNovember 16, 1957
36HorakCharles [37] J.May 1, 1959
37ChokiskiEarl [38] L.November 24, 1965
38MinnieRobert E.February 25, 1971 [39] c.January 1971
38.5MesserJosephc.January 1971June 1977 [40] interim
39RodriguezWilliam "Bill" E. [41] June 9, 1977 [24] [40] 1986 [42]
39.5MesserJosephAugust 1986February 1987 [43] interim
40ScagnoJohn [41] February 24, 1987 [24] May 1994 [44]
40.5FluckHenry K.19941995 [44] [ author missing ]interim
41LeachRuss [41] 1995July 17, 1998 [45]
41.5GrijalvaFelix "J. R.", Jr. [46] [ author missing ]interim
42LeonCarlos [47] 1999 [48] August/September 2003 [49] [50] resigned [49]
42.5WilesRichardSeptember 17, 2003 [49] [50] July 27, 2004 [51] [47] interim
43WilesRichard [47] July 27, 2004 [51] [52] December 26, 2007 [53] retired [54] then successfully ran for El Paso County Sheriff in 2008
43.5AllenGregJanuary 11, 2008 [55] [54] March 31, 2008 [56] interim
44AllenGregMarch 31, 2008 [57] [56] January 17, 2023 [58] [59] died in office [60]
44.5PacillasPeterFebruary 3, 2023 [61] October 2, 2023interim
45PacillasPeterOctober 2, 2023 [62] [63] present

Fallen officers

Since 1883, 31 municipal officers have died while on duty. [64]

OfficerEnd of watchCause of death
Thomas P. MoadJuly 11, 1883Gunfire
Newton StewartFebruary 17, 1900Gunfire
William PaschallDecember 4, 1914Gunfire
Gus ChitwoodFebruary 13, 1915Gunfire
Sidney J. BensonJune 28, 1917Gunfire
Juan M. GarciaFebruary 1, 1918Gunfire
Octaviano PereaFebruary 2, 1918Gunfire
George Franklin DrakeSeptember 22, 1918Vehicular assault
Harry PhoenixJune 13, 1921Gunfire
Frank BurnsApril 12, 1923Gunfire
Enrique "Yaqui" RiveraNovember 25, 1923Gunfire
John Jack ColemanJuly 14, 1924Gunfire
Lynn Reed McClintockOctober 3, 1926Vehicle pursuit
Schuyler C. Houston*October 4, 1927Gunfire
Ralph O. MarmolejoMarch 17, 1951Gunfire
Warren MitchellMay 16, 1953Gunfire
Guillermo "Willie" SanchezDecember 14, 1957Gunfire [65]
Arthur Joe Lavender, Jr.December 16, 1966Motorcycle accident
Roger A. HamiltonJune 21, 1970Vehicular homicide
Guy Ray Myers, Jr.July 24, 1970Motorcycle accident
David BannisterJune 3, 1974Vehicle pursuit
Wayne V. CarreonJune 10, 1981Struck by vehicle
Charles Douglas HeinrichAugust 29, 1985Gunfire
Normal Michael MontionOctober 16, 1989Gunfire
Ernesto SernaNovember 12, 1991Gunfire
Angel Andrew BarcenaSeptember 25, 2004Gunfire
Karl R. McDonoughOctober 13, 2010Vehicular assault
Jonathan Keith MolinaOctober 5, 2012Assault
Angel David GarciaDecember 16, 2012Struck by vehicle
Adrian ArellanoMarch 18, 2015Motorcycle Crash
David OrtizMarch 14, 2016Vehicular Assault

Misconduct

On April 21, 1993, El Paso police department officers arrested a 16-year-old boy and coerced him to sign a false prepared confession through intimidation and threats for an April 10 double murder which he did not commit. [67] [68] [69] He would spend 23+12 years in prison and endure three trials before finally being acquitted in October 2018. [70]

In June 2009, Sergeant Miguel Lucero began an inappropriate relationship with a female student at a Riverside High School where he was assigned. He later pleaded guilty to “Improper Relationship Between an Educator and Student.” He was sentenced to 400 hours of community service and a fine. [71]

In 2012, seventeen officers were indicted on charges of faking records to gain overtime pay. In October of that year, one officer named Scott McFarland pleaded guilty to 35 counts. He was fined and ordered to undergo drug and alcohol testing. [72]

On November 10, 2020, 1.2 kilograms of cocaine and a large sum of money were seized from a "drug-involved premise" run by a woman who was an El Paso Police officer at the time and her stepfather, who was the home owner. [73] The officer, Monica Garcia, would use her position and its resources to avoid surveillance and detection. [74] Garcia pleaded guilty August 9, 2021 to helping run the drug house. [75]

See also

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References

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  2. Sullivan, Carl; Baranauckas, Carla (June 26, 2020). "Here's how much money goes to police departments in largest cities across the U.S." USA Today . Archived from the original on July 14, 2020.
  3. Ramirez, Cindy (2013-08-07). "El Paso City Council debates budget, looks to reduce property tax hike". El Paso Times. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
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  18. El Paso Times Editorial Board (December 8, 2013). "Governments must move on consolidation". El Paso Times. Archived from the original on 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
  19. "More On The El Paso Police Pinata". Signal 94 Blog. 2008-11-20. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  20. "One cop, three bad guys (graphic)". Snopes Forums. 2009-11-12. Archived from the original on 2013-12-28. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
  21. "Who Would Like to Post Photos of a Robbery?". Gunbroker Forums. 2008-11-20. Archived from the original on 2013-12-28. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
  22. "Myth Blaster: El Paso Cop Kills Three Mexican Gang Members". Kieth A. Lehman. 2009-11-15. Retrieved 2013-12-28.
  23. "Filming 'The Bridge': El Paso County Sheriff Richard Wiles, commander make acting debuts in TV pilot". El Paso Times. 2012-11-29. Archived from the original on 2013-12-28. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
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  29. 1 2 Dolan, Samuel K. (2020). Hell Paso: Life and Death in the Old West's Most Dangerous Town. TwoDot. p. 366. ISBN   9781493041510. Though Campbell was already under a fair amount of pressure by 'the saloon interests' for his enforcement of various liquor and saloon laws, the Clements's case proved to be his undoing and on January 7, he tendered his resignation. Benjamin F. Jenkins was appointed as his replacement.
  30. Dolan, Samuel K. (2020). Hell Paso: Life and Death in the Old West's Most Dangerous Town. TwoDot. p. 366. ISBN   9781493041510. Will Ten Eyck would serve as interim chief until Jenkins took over the department on January 15. (The official start date for Jenkins is January 21 so perhaps Jenkins was also interim chief for a brief while.)
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  34. Frost, H. Gordon (1983). The Gentlemen's Club: The Story of Prostitution in El Paso. Mangan Books. ISBN   9780930208158. On the night of Thursday, July 12, 1928, Escontrias crashed his Nash sedan... [...] The following day, Chief of Police Lawrence T. Robey placed Escontrias... (This is before Robey's official start date as Chief. Robey may have only been interim Chief on the date given.)
  35. Southwestern Studies. Texas Western Press. 1972. p. 17. Chief of Police Robert D. Drennan told the committee...
  36. Eighty-third Congress, Second Session (September 17, 1954). Juvenile Delinquency (El Paso, Tex.). Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate (Report). United States Government Printing Office. p. 2. My name is John C. Risinger, chief of police of the city of El Paso , Tex.
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  39. Loera, Fabiola (March 23, 2023). "Retired El Paso Chief of Police Robert Minnie dies at 95". KTSM.com. Minnie joined the El Paso Police Department July 28,1950 and served as chief of police from Feb. 25,1971 to Jan. 13,1977.
  40. 1 2 "Retired El Paso County (Texas) Officer Reflects on 40+ Years in Public Service". Law Officer. January 17, 2012. and I was a captain from Sept. 16 until Dec. 7, 1976, when I was named interim acting chief. In December 1976 to early June 1977, I reverted back to inspector.
  41. 1 2 3 "The Week Ahead: El Paso begins search for new police chief, seeks public input". El Paso Matters. May 5, 2023. The last six El Paso police chiefs, starting from top left, Greg Allen, Richard Wiles, Carlos Leon, Russ Leach, John Scagno and Bill Rodriguez.
  42. "William Rodriguez Obituary". El Paso Times. November 9, 2008. From 1977 to 1986, he served as El Paso Police Chief,...
  43. "Retired El Paso County (Texas) Officer Reflects on 40+ Years in Public Service". Law Officer. January 17, 2012. I became acting chief again from August 1986 to February 1987. I reverted back to assistant chief when John Scagno was chief.
  44. 1 2 "Police Chief Quits: City Vows to Find Qualified Successor". El Paso Times. May 27, 1994. p. 1. Assistant Chief Henry K. Fluck, 'ft, will become acting chief at 8:30 a.m. today, Scagno said. Fluck, a 19 year veteran, will be named interim chief if City Council approves, or the council could name someone else. A vote is expected today or Tuesday.
  45. Paredes, Martin (December 20, 2021). "The Fermin Dorado Saga: Larry Francis Is 'Very Redneck'". El Paso News. Russ Leach became El Paso Police Chief in 1995. He left on July 17, 1998,...
  46. "25 apply for chief of police". El Paso Times. September 1, 1998. p. 1. The position became vacant with Russ Leach's July 17 return to Los Angeles. The man Mayor Carlos Ramirez picked to be interim chief, 47-year-old Deputy Chief J.R. Grijalva, is one of the applicants.
  47. 1 2 3 Borunda, Daniel (January 27, 2023). "'Forged in El Paso': Police Chief Greg Allen remembered for dedication to city". El Paso Times. When [Carlos] Leon retired as chief, he was replaced by Richard Wiles (now El Paso County sheriff), who was then replaced by Allen.
  48. Powell, Adam (April 4, 2023). "El Paso County Commissioner Carlos Leon will not seek reelection". El Paso Times. Leon's work in public service began in 1974 when he joined the El Paso Police Department, eventually being chosen to lead the department as chief in 1999.
  49. 1 2 3 Paredes, Martin (March 8, 2023). "El Paso Sheriff Richard Wiles Announces Retirement". On August 4, 2003, Carlos Leon resigned as police chief, effective September 29, 2003. [16] The speculation was that Leon was going to run for Sheriff in the upcoming elections. Then mayor Joe Wardy appointed Wiles as the interim chief of the police department on September 17, 2003. [17]
  50. 1 2 Blumenthal, Ralph (June 4, 2004). "Rarely Used Courts Investigate El Paso Police and District Attorney". The New York Times. Chief Wiles, who took over in August 2003,...
  51. 1 2 Paredes, Martin (March 8, 2023). "El Paso Sheriff Richard Wiles Announces Retirement". On July 22, 2002, them mayor-Joe Wardy Wiles as El Paso's newest police chief. [18] City council approved Wiles on July 27, 2004.
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  53. Paredes, Martin (March 8, 2023). "El Paso Sheriff Richard Wiles Announces Retirement". Wiles last day as the police chief was December 26, 2007.
  54. 1 2 "City Manager Names New Interim Police Chief". KVIA.com. December 6, 2007. Deputy Chief Greg Allen, who has 26 years experience as a police officer, will be first to head the the[ sic ] El Paso Police Department after Wiles retires on Dec. 27, Wilson said.
  55. "El Paso police Chief Greg Allen: See career in photos". El Paso Times. January 18, 2023. Jan 11, 2008 Greg Allen was appointed by City Manager Joyce Wilson to be the interim chief of the El Paso Police Department.
  56. 1 2 Paredes, Martin (July 12, 2016). "Greg Allen and the El Paso Police Department". El Paso News. On March 2008, he became the police chief.
  57. "El Paso police Chief Greg Allen: See career in photos". El Paso Times. January 18, 2023. March 31, 2008 Greg Allen, a 30-year veteran of the El Paso Police Department, was named police chief Monday and will soon move into the chief's office at police headquarters.
  58. Bedoya, Aaron A. (January 27, 2023). "Read El Paso police Chief Greg Allen's obituary before memorial, funeral services". El Paso Times via Yahoo News. Allen died Jan. 17 of an undisclosed condition.
  59. Rossi, Victoria (June 4, 2023). "El Paso Police Department fails female officers, tolerates sexism, officers say". El Paso Matters.
  60. Borunda, Daniel (January 17, 2023). "El Paso police Chief Greg Allen dies after leading department for nearly 15 years". El Paso Times.
  61. Burge, Dave (February 3, 2023). "El Paso names 3-decade police veteran to serve as interim police chief". KTSM.com. Peter Pacillas was named interim chief on Friday afternoon.
  62. Perez, Elida S. (October 2, 2023). "Peter Pacillas to serve as El Paso's new police chief". El Paso Matters.
  63. Perez, Elida S. (November 5, 2023). "New EPPD chief vows to be fair, hold officers accountable". El Paso Matters. He was officially hired as the new chief on Oct. 2 – two weeks after the city announced four finalists for the job following a nationwide search.
  64. 1 2 "El Paso Police Department, Texas, Fallen Officers". Officer Down Memorial Page. 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-04.
  65. Long, Trish (October 28, 2017). "Gunfight at Central El Paso drive-in theater in 1957 left one officer dead, another injured". El Paso Times.
  66. "In Memoriam". El Paso Police Department. 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-04.
  67. "Daniel Villegas". The National Registry of Exonerations.
  68. Anderson, Lindsey (December 18, 2015). "Daniel Villegas sues city, police".
  69. Karomo, Chege (March 3, 2023). "Daniel Villegas' settlement — Updates on his civil suit". okaybliss.com.
  70. Montes, Aaron J. (December 3, 2021). "'You'll never be the same,' Daniel Villegas opens up on life after 2018 trial". ktsm.com.
  71. Former El Paso Police Sergeant Sentenced, 26 June 2012, KVIA.com
  72. Former El Paso police officer pleads guilty in OT case, by Aaron Bracamontes, 11/02/2012, El Paso Times
  73. "Former El Paso Police Officer Sentenced for Drug Conspiracy" (Press release). Western District of Texas: U.S. Attorney's Office. June 23, 2022. Garcia used her position as an El Paso police officer to provide information that helped Saenz avoid detection by law enforcement while he distributed cocaine.
  74. "Former El Paso Police Officer Sentenced for Drug Conspiracy" (Press release). Western District of Texas: U.S. Attorney's Office. June 23, 2022. Her activities included conducting counter-surveillance and running license plate registrations to identify undercover police vehicles near the residence and stash house.
  75. "Former El Paso Police Officer Sentenced for Drug Conspiracy" (Press release). Western District of Texas: U.S. Attorney's Office. June 23, 2022. On August 9, 2021, Garcia pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to maintain a drug-involved premise.