El Pomar District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing 669,253 acres (1,046 sq mi) Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District. [2] [4]
El Pomar District viticultural area is located in the central portion of the Paso Robles viticultural area, southeast of the city of Paso Robles. The 21,300 acres (33.3 sq mi) viticultural area extends south between U.S. 101 and communities of Templeton to the west and Creston in the east, and to its southern boundary outlined by SR-41. Currently, El Pomar District has approximately 2,000 acres (810 ha) of vineyards with at least sixteen bonded wineries. The petition also notes that two of the vineyards the viticultural area are named El Pomar Vineyards and Pomar Junction Vineyards. [2]
The El Pomar District name is based on its historical and modern connection with the region. Its name originally dates back to the early 1900s and continues to be widely used by local residents, realtors, wineries, grape growers, and others. The El Pomar District is generally defined as "[a]n area between Templeton and Creston noted for its fruit and almond growing. Its name derives from the Latin word "pomum" meaning "edible fruit," which tells the fascinating story of agricultural evolution, from historic almond orchards to world-class vineyards. [6] The viticultural area corresponds with the historical references to the El Pomar area, according to a local history book, "The End of the Line, Recollections and a History of Templeton," compiled by Al Willhoit. The Santa Ysabel Land Grant and the subdivision of Eureka Rancho, both of which are generally located within the locale, have historically been associated with the El Pomar District. [7] As noted in Willhoit's book, "[t]he area to become the El Pomar District lies within the Santa Ysabel, part of the tract known as the Eureka Rancho, being a portion of the subdivisions of Rancho La Asuncion." [8] [2] A 1926 advertisement touts El Pomar District as "the Almond Center of California." [9] El Pomar District was first subdivided into separate lots in 1886, and early settlers planted orchards in the area shortly thereafter. [9] By 1968, the area had 1,375 acres of almonds and 36 acres of walnuts. Today, however, many of those almond and walnut orchards are being replaced by wine grape vineyards as the Paso Robles wine industry flourishes. El Pomar Drive and South El Pomar Road run through the approximate middle of the El Pomar District viticultural area, and a San Luis Obispo County Web site contains a map (included with the petition) that identifies El Pomar Drive and South El Pomar Road in the El Pomar District viticultural area. [7] [2]
Vineyards have been planted in the El Pomar District since at least the late 1800s. In 1886, Gerd Klintworth planted a vineyard on a property that is now named Red Head Ranch, near Cripple Creek Road at the eastern edge of the El Pomar District viticultural area. Grapes were also planted here early on, with their high quality recognized as early as the 1920s. [2] In 1926, the Paso Robles Press reported:
The planting of grapes have been taken up by some of the ranchers, with the result that while the vineyards are not to be counted among the largest, their quality is considered with the best. [9]
The El Pomar District viticultural area sits at the base of the La Panza Range’s foothills, and old river terraces and alluvial fans on intermediate elevations dominate the landscape. The terraces and hills are underlain by granitic rocks, sandstones of the Simmler Formation, and shales of the Monterey Formation, with the Paso Robles Formation at or near the surface where the overlying sediments have been eroded. Elevations rise gradually to the south, beginning at approximately 740 feet (230 m) on nearly flat land around the Salinas River, southeast of the city of Paso Robles, and increasing to a peak of 1,600 feet (490 m) in the southern portion of the viticultural area. Vineyard elevations in El Pomar area generally vary from 840 to 960 feet (260–290 m), with a few vineyards located at 1,440 feet (440 m) on the higher hills. Although cold air drains northward off the higher slopes of the La Panza Range and into the viticultural area at night, its general topography of rolling hills and terraces makes frost and cold air ponding rare. [4]
The southern portion of the El Pomar District viticultural area boundary uses a series of roads in the foothills of the La Panza Range that follow approximately the exposed granitic rocks and growths of dense chaparral and forest vegetation in the area. The region to the south of the viticultural area is within the Paso Robles viticultural area but not within any of the other viticultural areas. The western portion of the El Pomar District viticultural area boundary follows a series of peaks and roads that approximate the Rinconada Fault and define the western geological and topographical boundary of the area. In addition, a line of hills that rise 400 to 500 feet (120–150 m) above the fault line visually defines the western portion of the El Pomar District boundary. A portion of the western boundary is shared with the eastern boundary of the Templeton Gap District viticultural area. [4]
At TTB's request, the El Pomar District viticultural area's northwestern corner was adjusted westward in order to follow a road and other more easily located features rather than the now hard-to-locate former city limit line of Paso Robles. The northern portion of the viticultural area boundary then extends to the ridgeline of the Huerhuero Hills area, an uplifted area along the La Panza–Huerhuero Fault. This ridgeline, which is located along the northeastern portion of the boundary, serves as a partial barrier to marine air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean. To the north of the boundary is the Paso Robles Geneseo District viticultural area, and the urbanized area of the city of Paso Robles is to the northwest. The regions to the north and southwest of the Creston District viticultural area are within the Paso Robles viticultural area but are not included in any of other viticultural areas. The area to the north is distinguishable from the Creston District viticultural area due to its highly eroded terrain, shallow soils, and steep slopes, which contribute to slope instability and a high erosion hazard. The region to the southwest is more mountainous and rugged; further west is the city of Atascadero. The area to the south is located outside of the Paso Robles viticultural area and contains rugged terrain with higher elevations than those of the Creston District viticultural area. [4]
Its moderate Region II climate with airflow through and across Templeton Gap area are part of the growing season, higher and older terraces east of the Salinas River, with geology Tertiary to Quaternary Paso Robles Formation and more recent alluvial deposits of Huerhuero Creek and Salinas River, grassland soils with well developed surface horizons as Mollisols, with bedrock at shallow depths in some areas covered by alluvium, oak savanna vegetation. [4]
The El Pomar District viticultural area is located several miles to the east and on the lee, or rain shadow, side of the Santa Lucia Range crest, which blocks much of the moisture and storms that move in from the Pacific Ocean and precipitation in the area annually averages 15 inches (380 mm). However, the viticultural area does receive significant marine air incursion, fog, and sea breezes through the Templeton Gap, which is located in the Santa Lucia Range to the area's west. The hillsides and hilltop vineyards within the El Pomar District viticultural area are exposed to the cooling marine air during the growing season. Due to the cooling sea breezes and fog, the El Pomar District viticultural area has a relatively cool Winkler Region II growing season climate, averaging 2,950 growing degree-day (GDD) units annually. [2] [4]
The parent materials of soils within the El Pomar District viticultural area are granitic rock, sandstones of the Simmler Formation, shales of the Monterey Formation, and the Paso Robles Formation. Many of these soils have calcareous shale fragments, with secondary lime deposited within the soil profiles. The most common soil series within the viticultural area are from the Linne-Calodo series and are mostly alkaline. Soil textures in the El Pomar District viticultural area include clay loams and sandy loams, with many gravelly units. The most common soil order is the moderately developed grassland Mollisols, followed by younger, poorly developed Inceptisols and Entisols along the creeks. The soils have shallow to moderate rooting depths, modest nutrient levels, and low to moderate water holding capacity, which create low to moderate vigor vineyard sites. [4]
The El Pomar viticultural area is located in the center of the vast Paso Robles AVA and central to its viticultural activity. Major growth in El Pomar District viticulture has occurred since year 2000 evidence by both new or revived small, boutique wineries such as Still Waters Vineyards, Hansen Vineyards, McClean Vineyards and Pomar Junction Vineyards. New vineyards plantings by large wineries seeking high quality fruit, such as J. Lohr Winery, which planted a 200 acres (81 ha) vineyard at the corner of Creston Road and Neal Springs Road, and Gallo, which planted the 650 acres (260 ha) Sunnybrook Vineyard in the area in late 1990s. The El Pomar District viticultural area encompasses an area of approximately 21,300 acres (33 sq mi) and currently is home to approximately 2,000 acres (810 ha) of vineyards and at least sixteen bonded wineries. The district itself falls geographically close to the city of Paso Robles, and the wine styles of the region are very similar to those of the larger Paso Robles AVA with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot reigning supreme. However, the growing conditions in El Pomar also allow for grapes that thrive in the cooler weather that travels in from the Templeton Gap, like Grenache or Cabernet Franc. [2] [5]
Livermore Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) in Alameda County, California, centered around the city of Livermore in the Tri-Valley region which is composed of Amador, San Ramon, and Livermore valleys. The valley was named by Robert Livermore, an 18th century landowner whose holdings encompassed the area who planted the first grapevines in the region. The 96,000 acres (150 sq mi) AVA was established on September 1, 1982 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by fifteen Livermore Valley vintners and growers to establish a viticultural area in Alameda County named "Livermore Valley."
Ramona Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) in San Diego County, California, centered around the unincorporated town of Ramona. It was the 162nd AVA established on December 7, 2005 by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by the Ramona Vineyard Association, currently the Ramona Valley Vineyard Association (RVVA), proposing to establish a viticultural area in central San Diego County named "Ramona Valley."
The viticultural area surrounding Ramona is located 28 mi (45 km) northeast of San Diego and lies entirely within the vast 3,251,042 acres (5,080 sq mi) multi-county South Coast AVA. It also is south of the two previously established viticultural areas within South Coast, Temecula Valley and San Pasqual Valley. The AVA encircles approximately 89,000 acres (139 sq mi) in a 14.5 by 9.5 miles west-southwest to east-northeast oriented rectangular area. Ramona Valley is geographically a broad, flat valley surrounded by hills and mountains that isolates it from adjacent areas. The valley has an average vineyard elevation of 1,400 feet (430 m) and an annual average rainfall of 16.5 inches (419.1 mm). In 2005, the area had approximately 17 vineyards cultivating an estimated 45 acres (18 ha) of wine grapes. The petitioners noted the area is known for its distinctive microclimate, elevation, and soil attributes.
Arroyo Seco is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) in Monterey County, California, southeast of Monterey Bay. The state's 15th appellation was established on May 16,1983 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by the Arroyo Seco Winegrowers and Vintners, an association composed of grape growers and vintners with vineyards, to establish a viticultural area within Monterey County known as "Arroyo Seco."
Washington wine is a wine produced from grape varieties grown in the U.S. state of Washington. Washington ranks second in the United States in the production of wine. By 2017, the state had over 55,000 acres of vineyards, a harvest of 229,000 short tons of grapes, and exports going to over 40 countries around the world from the 940+ wineries located in the state. While there are some viticultural activities in the cooler, wetter western half of the state, the majority (99.9%) of wine grape production takes place in the shrub-steppe eastern half. The rain shadow of the Cascade Range leaves the Columbia River Basin with around 8 inches (200 mm) of annual rain fall, making irrigation and water rights of paramount interest to the Washington wine industry. Viticulture in the state is also influenced by long sunlight hours and consistent temperatures.
French Camp Vineyards is a vineyard in San Luis Obispo County, California, U.S. located east of Paso Robles residing in the Paso Robles Highlands District viticultural area.
Sonoma County wine refers to the viticulture and winemaking in Sonoma County, California, United States. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the United States Department of the Treasury, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau.
Paso Robles is the third American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County, California. The area was established by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury on October 4, 1983 after reviewing the petition submitted by Martin Brothers Winery accompanied by 51 signatures of local grape-growers and wineries proposing a viticultural area named "Paso Robles." The AVA encompasses 609,673 acres (953 sq mi) with approximately 18,500 acres (7,487 ha) cultivated with wine grapes known for their heritage varietal Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Rhône-style wines.
Arroyo Grande Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California approximately 12 miles (19 km) southeast of the county seat San Luis Obispo. Arroyo Grande Valley was recognized on February 5, 1990 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) as the state's 60th AVA based on the petition filed in 1987 by Don Talley of Talley Vineyards and William S. Greenough of Saucelito Canyon Vineyard for the establishment of the "Arroyo Grande Valley" viticultural area in San Luis Obispo County. The 16 miles (26 km) long, approximately 67 square miles valley appellation benefits from its east-northeast orientation allowing the breeze from the Pacific Ocean to moderate the climate of the area. The valley is divided by a fog line produced by the cool maritime layer where Zinfandel, Petite Sirah and Rhône varietals are grown on the higher elevations near Lopez Lake and the cooler mid-valley vineyards being home to Chardonnay and Pinot noir. On April 8, 2022, the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) approved the designation of the expansive San Luis Obispo (SLO) Coast AVA overlapping the boundaries of Edna Valley and Arroyo Grande Valley viticultural areas because they share common features. However, these two previously established areas still have unique characteristics to retain their viticultural area distinctions within SLO Coast. Edna Valley lies immediately to the northwest, the Los Padres National Forest straddles the north leg boundary, the Santa Maria Valley AVA lies to the southeast of Arroyo Grande Valley, and the Pacific Ocean communities of Oceano, Grover City and Arroyo Grande abut its southwestern border.
The Spring Mountain District AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in the Napa Valley AVA in California. Spring Mountain District AVA was officially established as an American Viticulture Area in 1993. Encompassed within its bounds are about 8,600 acres (3,480 ha), of which about 1,000 acres (400 ha) are planted to vineyards. Given the small crop yields on hillsides, the region represents less than 2% of Napa Valley wine. Currently the region has just over 30 winegrowers.
Madera is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in Central California expanding across Madera and a portion of Fresno counties. It was established on December 7, 1984 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Mr. David B. Ficklin. President of Ficklin Vineyards, proposing a viticultural area between the Chowchilla and San Joaquin Rivers named "Madera." The area encompasses 230,000 acres (359 sq mi) cultivating about 31,179 acres (12,618 ha) of grapes.
Adelaida District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014 by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing 669,253 acres (1,046 sq mi) Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District. The 59 wine industry members who constitute PRAVAC cumulatively own or manage over 10,000 acres (4,047 ha) of cultivated vineyards within the proposed AVAs. Wineries located within the Adelaida District are: The Farm Winery, Peachy Canyon Winery, Le Cuvier, Alta Colina, Carmody McKnight Estate Wines, Wild Coyote, Villicana, McPrice Myers, Jacob Toft, Chronic Cellars, Vines on the Marycrest, Nenow Family Wines, Hawks Hill Ranch, Adelaida Cellars, DAOU, Calcareous, Law Estate, Nadeau, Minassian Young, Michael Gill, Villa Creek, Brecon, HammerSky, Oso Libre, Poallilo, Thacher Winery, Whalebone Vineyard, Tablas Creek Vineyard, Halter Ranch, Rangeland, Justin, Kukkula, Dubost, and Starr Ranch.
Creston District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in the south east portion of the Paso Robles viticultural area in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County, California. It is located in the vicinity of the small community of Creston and was established on October 8, 2014 by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District.
Alisos Canyon is an American Viticultural Area (AVA), located in Santa Barbara County, California due east outside the small town of Los Alamos on U.S 101 and about 20 miles (32 km) south of Santa Maria, was established on August 25, 2020, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB). Alisos Canyon stretches west to east over 9 square miles with one bonded winery and nine commercially-producing vineyards cultivates on approximately 238 acres (96 ha). Alisos Canyon Road bisects the region accessing many of its vineyards. The USDA plant hardiness zone for the AVA is 7b.
San Luis Obispo (SLO) County wine is a appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County, California which is sandwiched between Santa Barbara County to the south and Monterey County at the northern boundary on the Pacific coast. Its location sits halfway between the cities of San Francisco and Los Angeles on the north–south axis of U.S. Route 101 and Pacific Coast Highway (PCH). The county lies entirely within the Central Coast viticultural area. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) of the Treasury Department. TTB was created in January 2003, when the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, or ATF, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.
Contra Costa is the 150th American Viticultural Area (AVA) in California located in the San Francisco Bay Area. It lies east of San Pablo Bay in Contra Costa County on the southern banks of the Carquinez Strait encompassing the area around the cities of Concord, Martinez, Pittsburg, Antioch and Brentwood. It was established on March 15, 2024 by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Patrick Shabram on behalf of the Contra Costa Winegrowers Association proposing to establish an viticultural area named "Contra Costa."
San Juan Creek is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and lies within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District.
Paso Robles Highlands District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and lies within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District. The AVA Committee's petition originally proposed the viticultural area named "Paso Robles Canyon Ranch."
However, the Canyon Ranch Spa began to market wine under that name after the petitions were filed with the TTB. Although, the PRAVAC had "first in time, first in right," strong evidence in the form of other trademark registrations and COLAs supported the argument that the Canyon Ranch Spa marks are geographically descriptive and hence not registrable. Nevertheless, the PRAVAC and the wine growers did not want to delay the processing of the eleven AVA petitions as result of the CR License's claim of impact to its Canyon Ranch brand. Therefore, they resolved the potential dispute over the "Canyon Ranch" name, and did the historical research and identified the "Highlands" or "Highlands District" as long been used to describe the vast, but relatively unpopulated, area marked with canyons and highlands since the late 1800s.
Paso Robles Estrella District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014 by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing 669,253 acres (1,046 sq mi) Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas are: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District.
Paso Robles Geneseo District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in San Luis Obispo County, California and within the multi-county Central Coast AVA. It was established on October 8, 2014, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petitions submitted in 2007 by the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area Committee (PRAVAC) to establish 11 new viticultural areas located entirely within the existing 669,253 acres (1,046 sq mi) Paso Robles viticultural area adjacent to the northern boundary of San Luis Obispo County. The proposed viticultural areas were: Adelaida District, Creston District, El Pomar District, Paso Robles Estrella District, Paso Robles Geneseo District, Paso Robles Highlands District, Paso Robles Willow Creek District, San Juan Creek, San Miguel District, Santa Margarita Ranch, and Templeton Gap District.