Endococcus hafellneri

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Endococcus hafellneri
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Dothideomycetes
Order: Lichenotheliales
Family: Lichenotheliaceae
Genus: Endococcus
Species:
E. hafellneri
Binomial name
Endococcus hafellneri
(Zhurb.) Zhurb. (2019)
Synonyms
  • Stigmidium hafellneriZhurb. (2009)

Endococcus hafellneri is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the family Verrucariaceae. It is found in North Asia and the Russian Far East, Estonia, and Japan, where it grows on the lobes of the lichens Flavocetraria cucullata and Cetraria islandica .

Contents

Taxonomy

The fungus was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Mikhail Zhurbenko. He placed the species provisionally in the genus Stigmidium , but unlike all other species of that genus, the new fungus has coloured (brown) ascospores. [1] The species epithet honours German lichenologist Josef Hafellner, "in recognition of his important contribution to the knowledge of lichenicolous fungi". [1]

In 2019, Zhurbenko transferred the taxon to the Endococcus . Having had the opportunity to collect and observe more specimens, he noted the constancy of the coloured spores, and concluded that the traits of genus Endococcus are better aligned with the characteristics of the fungus. [2]

Description

Endococcus hafellneri produces ascomata with a perithecioid morphology–more or less rounded, with an ostiole. They are black and shiny and protrude slightly from the surface of the host lichen, measuring up to 50  μm in diameter. Infection by the fungus causes grey and sometimes perforated patches in the host lichen up to 6 mm (0.24 in) across, sometimes with a dark greyish-brown rim around the margin of the patch. [1]

Habitat and distribution

In Asian Russia, Endococcus hafellneri has been recorded from Buryatia, Sakha, the Magadan Oblast, and the Caucasus. [3] It was reported from Kihnu island (Estonia) in 2015, [4] and from Hokkaido, Japan, in 2019. [5] Known hosts for the fungus are Flavocetraria cucullata and Cetraria islandica . [4]

Related Research Articles

Endococcus is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) in the family Lichenotheliaceae. It has 44 species. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1855. Although at least one source places the genus in the Verrucariaceae, a 2016 study of the type species, Endococcus rugulosus, determined that it should instead be placed in the family Lichenotheliaceae of the order Dothideales; this classification echoes a placement proposed in 1979 by David Hawksworth.

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Clypeococcum bisporum is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the family Polycoccaceae. It is found in the Russian Far East, in Mongolia, and from northwest Alaska, where it grows parasitically on lichens from the genera Cetraria and Flavocetraria.

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<i>Stereocaulon tomentosum</i> Species of lichen

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Sphaerellothecium araneosum is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Phyllachoraceae.

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<i>Cetraria laevigata</i> Species of lichen

Cetraria laevigata is a species of ground-dwelling, fruticose (bushy) lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species by Russian lichenologist Kseniya Aleksandrovna Rassadina in 1943. In North America, it is commonly known as the striped Iceland lichen.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Zhurbenko, Mikhail (2009). "Lichenicolous fungi and some lichens from the Holarctic". Opuscula Philolichenum. 6: 87–120.
  2. ↑ Zhurbenko, Mikhail P.; Enkhtuya, Ochirbat; Javkhlan, Samiya (2019). "A first synopsis of lichenicolous fungi of Mongolia, with the description of five new species". Plant and Fungal Systematics. 64 (2): 345–366. doi: 10.2478/pfs-2019-0023 .
  3. ↑ Zhurbenko, Mikhail; Kobzeva, Anastasiya A. (2016). "Further contributions to the knowledge of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of the Northwest Caucasus, Russia". Opuscula Philolichenum. 15: 37–56.
  4. 1 2 Suija, Ave; Oja, Ede; Suu, Annika; Marmor, Liis (2015). "New Estonian records: Lichenized and lichenicolous fungi". Folia Cryptogamica Estonica. 52 (0): 129. doi: 10.12697/fce.2015.52.15 .
  5. ↑ Zhurbenko, Mikhail; Ohmura, Yoshihito (2019). "New and interesting records of lichenicolous fungi from the TNS herbarium: part I" (PDF). Opuscula Philolichenum. 18: 74–89.
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