Epidendrum compressum

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Epidendrum compressum
Epidendrum compressum 6.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Epidendrum
Subgenus: Epidendrum subg. Amphiglottium
Section: Epidendrum sect. Polycladia
Species:
E. compressum
Binomial name
Epidendrum compressum
Synonyms

Epidendrum compressum is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae . [1] [2] It is from wet montane forests of Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. [3]

Contents

Nomenclatural history

Eduard Friedrich Poeppig & Stephan Endlicher published the first description of this orchid in 1836, and called it Epidendrum laxum. However, because this name had already been used by Olof Swartz in 1788 to describe a very different orchid, now known as Pleurothallis laxa, Epidendrum laxum Poepp. & Endl. (1836) became an Illegitimate name. It was under this illegitimate name that Reichenbach, in 1861, classified E. compressum into his section Polycladia [4] of Lindley's subgenus Amphiglotium [5] of the genus Epidendrum.

In 1864, August Grisebach published a description of the species Epidendrum compressum ("compressed upon a tree"), the binomial now accepted by Kew. [6]

Description

According to Poeppig, [7] E. compressum grows epiphytically in Peruvian forests east of the crest of the Andes and flowers in February. The sympodial plant produces stems more than 3 dm tall, each of which seldom bears more than three acute, oblong-lanceolate leaves. The elongate terminal multi-flowered panicle grows 3 dm long or longer. The small pale green flowers have nearly equal-sized, erect, sharply pointed lanceolate sepals. By placing "Epidendrum Laxum" in Amphiglotium, Reichenbach was stating that the base (at least) of the inflorescence was covered by thin, imbricate sheaths.

Dodson and Bennett [8] describe an E. compressum from Pasco, Peru, and state that the perianth segments as brown, the lip darker than the rest. The sepals are lanceolate, the petals are linear, and the lip is deeply trilobate, with the central lobe curved backward and the side lobes curved inward. The illustration in Dodson and Bennett shows a single stem, ~ 0.5 dm tall, bearing seven leaves and terminating in a two-flowered inflorescence of the same length. The inflorescence in the illustration carries some spathes, but emerges naked from the leaf-bearing part of the stem, and is not covered by imbricate sheaths.

Related Research Articles

<i>Epidendrum anceps</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum anceps, literally the "two-edged upon a tree," a species of epiphytic orchid in the genus Epidendrum, is sometimes known as the brown epidendrum or dingy-flowered epidendrum.

<i>Epidendrum macrocarpum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum macrocarpum, widely known as Epidendrum schomburgkii, is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum, and the largest-flowering crucifix orchid species. Reichenbach thought that E. fulgens and E. schomburgkii var. confluens were both synonyms for this species.

<i>Epidendrum paniculatum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum paniculatum is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum.

Epidendrum brachyglossumLindl. 1844 is a species of Epidendrum orchid native to the western slopes of the Andes in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, and has been reported at altitudes ranging from 1.8 km, near Ocaña, Ayacucho, Peru, to 2.8 km, in Cajamarca, Peru.

Epidendrum dendrobii is a terrestrial species of reed-stemmed Epidendrum of the Orchidaceae which grows on steep slopes in tropical montane cloud forests of Cochabamba, Bolivia and Venezuela at altitudes near 2.6 km.

Epidendrum brevivenium is a species of Epidendrum Orchid native to Peru and the provinces of Pichincha, Napo, and Tungurahua in Ecuador at altitudes of 2.8 to 3.4 km.

<i>Epidendrum <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Polycladia</i> Group of orchids

Epidendrum sect. PolycladiaRchb.f. 1861 is a section of the Subgenus E. subg. AmphiglottiumLindl. of the Genus Epidendrum of the Orchidaceae. This plants in this section differ from the plants in the other sections of E. subg. Amphiglottium by having truly paniculate inflorescences: the section E. sect. Holochila is characterized by racemose inflorescences and an undivided lip, and the section E. sect. Schistochila is characterized by racemose inflorescences and a lobed lip.

Epidendrum hemiscleria is a sympodial epiphytic orchid native to the tropical cloud forest of Ecuador and Peru, at altitudes near 3.3 km.

Epidendrum sect. Holochila Rchb.f. 1861 is a section of subgenus Epidendrum subg. Amphiglottium of the Orchidaceae. It differs from section E. sect. Polycladia by bearing inflorescences that are racemes, not panicles. It differs from section E. sect. Schistochila by having a lip with no lobes. Like the other sections of E. subg. Amphiglottium, plants of E. sect. Holochila exhibit slender stems covered with close imbricating sheaths which do not swell to form pseudobulbs, and terminal inflorescences covered at the base with close imbricating sheaths but without spathes.

<i>Epidendrum <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Epidendrum</i> Subgenus of orchids

The subgenus Epidendrum subg. Epidendrum was published as "Euepidendrum" in 1841 with the diagnosis "Caulis foliosus. Pedunculus brevis esquamatus. Labellum adnatum." This reed-stemmed genus includes sympodial Epidendrum plants with stems covered with imbricating sheaths which show no tendency to swell into pseudobulbs, and with terminal inflorescences which lack any sheath or spathe at the base.

Epidendrum miserrimum is a small sympodial epiphytic orchid native to northern South America, the West Indies and Central America at altitudes as low as 0.7 km and as high as 1.2 km.

Epidendrum piperinum is a small succulent epiphytic orchid native to the tropical Cloud forest of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, at altitudes close to 3 km. Reichenbach noted that the plant resembled a Peperomia.

<i>Epidendrum sculptum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum sculptum is a sympodial, epiphytic reed-stemmed orchid native to the Neotropics from Chiapas Mexico to Brazil, at altitudes ranging from near sea level to 0.5 km.

Epidendrum smaragdinum is an epiphytic sympodial orchid native to the Neotropics. It has been found at 0.5 km above sea level in Napo, Ecuador It is also known from Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<i>Epidendrum <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Amphiglottium</i> Subgenus of orchids

Epidendrum subg. Amphiglottium(Salisb.) Lindl. 1841 is a subgenus of reed-stemmed Epidendrums, distinguished by an apical inflorescence with the peduncle covered from its base with close imbricating sheaths and by a lip that is adnate to the column to its apex.

Epidendrum parviflorum is a small-flowered reed-stemmed Epidendrum orchid found in the montane tropical wet forests of Bolivia, Ecuador, and Amazonas, Peru.

Epidendrum lanipes is an epiphytic sympodial orchid with spindle-shaped stems native to the montane tropical rainforest of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru at altitudes ranging from 0.8 to 1.4 km.

Epidendrum parvilabre is a sympodial terrestrial orchid native to the mountainous (~2 km) tropical rainforests of Ecuador and Piura, Peru.

<i>Epidendrum coriifolium</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum coriifolium is a sympodial orchid which grows both terrestrially and epiphytically at altitudes of 1.4—1.7 km in dense forests in Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, Central America, and Venezuela.

<i>Epidendrum cylindrostachys</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum cylindrostachys is an epiphytic orchid native to the mountainous rainforest of Colombia and Peru, at altitudes near 2.5 km. According to the World Checklist, this binomial has no synonyms or homonyms.

References

  1. ↑ "Epidendrum compressum Griseb". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved August 6, 2024.
  2. ↑ "Epidendrum compressum Griseb". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000. n.d. Retrieved August 6, 2024.
  3. ↑ "Epidendrum compressum". Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  4. ↑ "Flores vere paniculati" Reichenbach, H. G., "ORCHIDES" in Dr. Carl Müller, Ed. Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae Tomus VI, 1861, Berlin. p. 373
  5. ↑ "Caulis foliosus erectus. Pedunculus elongatus squamis imbricatus. Labellum adnatum.", John Lindley. "Notes upon the genus EPIDENDRUM, by PROFESSOR LINDLEY." in Hooker. JOURNAL OF BOTANYIII 1841. London. item VII, p. 81
  6. ↑ apps.kew.org/wcsp/
  7. ↑ reprinted as #228, Epidendrum Laxum, in Reichenbach, H. G. "ORCHIDES" in Dr. Carl Müller, Ed. Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae Tomus VI, 1861, Berlin. p. 377
  8. ↑ C. Dodson & C. Bennett, Icones Plantarum Tropicarum, Series II: Orchids of Peru, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, 1989. Plate 0060
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