| Eques | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Jack-knifefish (Eques lanceolatus) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Sciaenidae |
| Genus: | Eques Bloch, 1793 |
| Type species | |
| Eques americanus Bloch, 1793 | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Eques is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.
Eques was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1793 by the German physician and naturalist Marcus Elieser Bloch with its type species Eques americanus, [1] which Bloch was describing as a new species from the Western Atlantic. [2] In 1815 Constantine Samuel Rafinesque proposed the new name Equetus for the genus as Eques had been used for a subgenus of Lepidoptera by Linnaeus but Linnaeus's name has been deemed to be invalid under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature so Rafinesque's replacement name was not needed. [3] This genus has been placed in the subfamily Sciaeninae by some workers, [4] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes. [5]
Eques contains two valid species: [2]
Eques drums have an oblong body that is deep anteriorly and tapers towards the caudal peduncle. The snout protrudes over the horizontal mouth. There are 5 pores and no barbels on the chin. The preoperculum has weak serrations along its edge and the upper angle of the operculum is incised. They have a long-based dorsal fin which is deeply incised, the incision separates the spiny portion from the soft rayed portion of the fin. The spiny portion of the dorsal fin is very high with the spines being longer than the head and the soft rayed part is supported by more than 45 rays. The anal fin is short-based with 2 spines, the second spine being robust, and 6 soft rays. The lateral line extends to the centre of the caudal fin. Theare are wide oblique black bars on the body. [6] The two species in the genus are similar in size with maximum published total lengths of 25 cm (9.8 in) for E. lanceolatus [7] and 25 cm (9.8 in) for E. punctatus. [8]
Eques drums are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean from Bermuda and North Carolina south to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. They are found in asscociation with reefs at depths between 10 and 60 m (33 and 197 ft). [7] [8]
Sciaenidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Acanthuriformes. They are commonly called drums or croakers in reference to the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make. The family consists of about 293 to 298 species in about 66 or 67 genera.
Menticirrhus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums or croakers. They are commonly known as kingcroakers or kingfish. These fish are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.
Micropogonias is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic Oceans.
Pogonias is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Sciaenidae. It was formerly believed to be a monotypic genus only containing the black drum, but a second species was re-described in 2019.
The spotted drum or spotted ribbonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Cynoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family, Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found off the coasts of North and South America in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans. Many fishes in this genus have been given the common name weakfish.
The jack-knifefish is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is native to the western Atlantic Ocean, where its distribution extends along the eastern coasts of the Americas from the Carolinas in the United States to Brazil, including the Caribbean. Other common names include donkey fish and lance-shaped ribbonfish.
Pareques acuminatus, commonly known as the high-hat, donkeyfish, cubbyu, Steindachner's ribbonfish, streaked ribbonfish, striped ribbonfish or striped drum, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the genus Pareques in the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Corvula is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic Ocean and the central eastern Pacific Ocean.
Bairdiella is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Ocean.
Umbrina is a genus of fish from the croaker family Sciaenidae. The genus contains 17 species occurring in tropical and warm temperate waters of the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, the Western Indian Ocean and the eastern Pacific.
Atractoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fished belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The fishes in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Pareques is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean.
Lonchurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic.
Ctenosciaena is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and southeastern Pacific Oceans.
The bluestreak drum, also known as the bluish croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Elattarchus. This species is found in the central eastern Pacific Ocean along the coasts of the Americas.
Johnius dussumieri, the sin croaker, Dussumier's croaker, Dussumier's silver jewfish, sharptooth hammer croaker or whiskered croaker, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.
Johnius carutta, the karut croaker or purple jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Indian Ocean.
Paralonchurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean with one species in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Protosciaena is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.