Eranove

Last updated
Eranove
Company typePublic limited company
IndustryAmenities provider
Founded2005
Headquarters
Paris
,
France
Key people
Vincent Le Guennou, Marc Albérola
Revenue€430 million
Owners Emerging Capital Partners (53.3 %)
Number of employees
9,000
Website www.eranove.com

Eranove is a French company active in the management of public services and in the production of electricity and drinking water in Africa. The company was formerly known as Finagestion.

Contents

The Eranove Group has been present in Côte d'Ivoire (SODECI  [ fr ], Compagnie ivoirienne d'électricité  [ fr ], Compagnie Ivoirienne de Production d'Electricite  [ fr ], AWALE and SMART ENERGY) for several decades, in Senegal (SDE) since 1996, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo since 2012 (service contract with Regideso) and since 2021 in Benin (through its subsidiary, Omilayé in the water sector in Benin). The group has also been developing projects in Mali since 2015 (Kénié Énergie Renouvelable), Gabon (Louetsi Hydro, Asokh Energy, Orélo), [1] Madagascar (Sahofika), and Togo (Kékéli Efficient Power). It generated revenues of €576 million in 2017. [2]

Eranove operates an installed capacity of more than 1,250 MW. The group employs more than 9,000 people and serves 1.9 million customers for electricity, 1.8 million for water [3] and 470,000 for sanitation. The majority shareholder of the Eranove Group is ECP Finagestion FII S.a.r.l., affiliated with Emerging Capital Partners, a private equity firm.

History

Between 2005 and 2006, the Bouygues Group sold its public services subsidiary, Saur, while retaining its African and Italian assets. [4] The African assets were housed in Finagestion, a holding company 100% owned by the Bouygues Group. [5]

Between July 2008 and October 2009, ECP FII Finagestion S.a.r.l., an affiliate of Emerging Capital Partners (ECP), gradually acquired a 60% stake in this entity from Bouygues. [5] [6] ECP FII Finagestion S.a.r.l. currently owns 53.3% of the Eranove group. [7] ECP gradually transformed Eranove (at the time Finagestion) into a pan-African industrial platform. The board of directors decided to rename Finagestion "Eranove" in July 2014 following a consultative process within the group's subsidiaries. [8]

Since 1960, the Eranove Group has been present in Côte d'Ivoire (Société de Distribution d'Eau de Côte d'Ivoire; Compagnie Ivoirienne d'électricité; Compagnie Ivoirienne de Production d'électricité; Awale). It began operations in Senegal in 1996 (Sénégalaise des Eaux). Since 2013, it is active in the Democratic Republic of Congo through a service contract with the Régidéso. The group is also developing other projects across Africa, notably in Mali (Kenié Renewable Energy [9] ), Gabon (Louetsi Hydro, Asokh Energy, Orélo [10] ), Madagascar (Sahofika), [11] Côte d'Ivoire (Atinkou and Cavally) [12] and Togo (Kékéli Efficient Power). [13]

In the summer of 2015, the 18.6% still held by Bouygues were sold to French insurance company AXA. [14]

Shareholder distribution

ShareholderPercentage held
ECP53.3
AXA Group subsidiaries18.6
Private African investors9.3
Employee shareholders8.4
Managers6.5
CNPS CI4.7

Operations (through affiliates and service contracts)

CIPREL (Compagnie ivoirienne de production d'électricité)

A power generation company operating in Côte d'Ivoire since 1994, CIPREL (Compagnie Ivoirienne de Production d'électricité  [ fr ]) has a thermal power plant consisting of seven combustion turbines, which use natural gas extracted off the Ivorian coast as their main fuel, as well as a steam turbine. [15]

CIPREL operates a concession contract, running until 2035, with the State of Côte d'Ivoire. It is 83.3% owned by Eranove. [16]

The entire CIPREL perimeter is HSE certified: ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001, ISO 14001. CIPREL has reached the confirmed stage of the ISO 26 000 standard for its commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR) throughout its scope. [17]

History

The company began its activities in March 1995 with CIPREL I (100 MW). The second 111 MW unit (CIPREL II) was commissioned in June 1997. Then in December 2009, 111 MW (CIPREL III) were commissioned, bringing the total production capacity to 321 MW. [18]

In December 2011, CIPREL was entrusted with a new extension to support Côte d'Ivoire's economic recovery, CIPREL IV.

CIPREL IV represents a total investment (including financing) of CFAF 222.9 billion (€339.8 million) for an additional 222 MW using combined cycle technology. [19] [20] This fourth unit consists of a new 111 MW combustion turbine commissioned on 1 January 2014 and a 111 MW steam turbine. [21] The steam turbine adds 111 MW of production capacity without additional natural gas consumption and thus avoids the release into the atmosphere of 500,000 tons of CO2 per year, while optimizing the cost of electricity production through improved thermal efficiency. [22] [23]

Auxiliary works were completed at the end of 2015, making CIPREL IV's the largest gas-fired power plant in Côte d'Ivoire with a total production capacity of 556 MW and an estimated total annual production of 3,810 GWh. [24] [25]

CIE (Compagnie ivoirienne d’électricité)

CIE (Compagnie Ivoirienne d'Électricité) is a private operator linked to the State of Côte d'Ivoire by a concession agreement since 1990, to operate production, transmission and distribution facilities, and market, import and export on behalf of the Ivorian State of electricity throughout the national territory and in the wider region. [26] CIE serves 1.9 million customers, operates a production capacity of 704 MW as well as 50,000 km of the electricity grid. [27]

Since the end of 2014, CIE has been implementing, in collaboration with the ministry, a program to facilitate access to electricity for the greatest number of people, the Electricity for All Program (Programme Électricité pour Tous - PEPT). It has connected 359,000 households to electricity. [28]

CIE is listed on the Bourse régionale des valeurs mobilières (BRVM). It was rated AA+ (long-term) by the financial rating agency Bloomfield Investment in 2016 and is 55.53% owned by Eranove. [29] The scope of CIE's interconnected production, energy movements and transport are HSE certified according to ISO and OHSAS standards and have reached the confirmed stage according to ISO 26 000. [28]

Through CIE, the Eranove Group also operates the Centre des Métiers de l'Éléctricité (CME), a training center specializing in electricity and management based in Bingerville, near Abidjan. [30] The CME has obtained the HR Excellence certification and the "center of excellence" label from the Association of Power Utilities of Africa (APUA). In 2017, in addition to the 230 students in the BTS/DUT cycle, 4,416 people were enrolled in training and 220 in initial training. [31] In May 2018, the CME signed a partnership agreement with the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM) to deliver the first French professional bachelor's degree of this kind in West Africa. [32]

SODECI (Société de distribution d’eau de la Côte d'Ivoire)

Created in 1960 as the first privatized water distribution company in Africa, SODECI (Société de distribution d’eau de la Côte d'Ivoire [Côte d'Ivoire Water Distribution Company]) produces, transports and distributes clean drinking water in the urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire. Since 1999, SODECI also operates and maintains sanitation facilities for the city of Abidjan. SODECI provides services 1.1 million customers for water, while providing sanitation to 470,000 customers. SODECI operates through a lease contract. [33]

46.07% owned by Eranove, SODECI is a company listed on the Regional Transferable Securities Exchange (BRVM). SODECI was rated AA− (long-term) and A1− (short term by the financial rating agency Bloomfield Investments in 2016). [34] SODECI was the first private company in the public infrastructure space in Africa to be certified ISO 9001.

SDE (Sénégalaise des eaux)

SDE, the Senegalese water company, has been producing, transporting and distributing drinking water in Senegal's main cities since 1996. SDE's lease contract with the State of Senegal has been renewed three times since 1996. [35] [36] [37]

Between 1996 and 2017, the rate of access to the service increased from 80% to 98%, and the number of customers more than doubled (from 241,167 to 743,859). [38] [7] Network efficiency increased by more than 10 points (1%). These performances have contributed to Senegal's achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the field of drinking water services, along with other actors in the urban water sector. [39] SDE supplies consumers through individual connections and standpipes. [40] It had 1209 employees at the end of 2017. [41]

SDE is a member of the African Water Association (AAE), the International Water Association (IWA), the World Federation of Private Water Operators (AQUAFED) and the World Water Council (WWC). [42] In 2018, SDE obtained the "Water Utility of the Year" award from African Utility Week. [39] The SDE is QSE certified throughout its scope: ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001, ISO 14001. SDE has reached the exemplary stage of the ISO 26 000 standard for its commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR). [43] [44]

Eranove and SDE, following an international bidding process, signed a three-year service contract, renewed in 2017, with REGIDESO (Democratic Republic of Congo), financed by the World Bank. [45]

Smart Energy Côte d'Ivoire

An affiliate of CIE and the Eranove Group created in 2017, Smart Energy supports businesses in the attainment of their energy efficiency goals. [46]

AWALE

AWALE (affiliate of CIE and the Eranove Group) is a company whose purpose is to furnish high-speed data transmission capacity via the electrical network of Côte d'Ivoire. [47] In 2010, AWAL signed a 20-year agreement with the Côte d'Ivoire which grants it exclusive access to the national electric transportation and distribution network with the purpose of constructing and operating communication networks through fiber optic lines and by on-line electric currents. [48] AWALE is 77.13% owned by Eranove (Eranove + CIE). [48]

Projects under exclusive development

Kékéli Efficient Power

On October 23, 2018, the Republic of Togo and the Eranove Group signed a concession agreement for an electric power plant of 65 MW. [13] The concession agreement for the production of electricity includes design, financing, construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance of an electric power plant located in the port district of Lomé. [49]

Atinkou

On September 5, 2016, the Eranove Group signed an agreement protocol with Côte d'Ivoire for the financing, design, construction, operation and maintenance of a thermal combined cycle power plant of 390 MW, followed by the signing of a concession agreement on 19 December 2018. [50] [51] The Atinkou power plant will use natural gas as its main fuel and will be located on the edge of Abidjan. [12] [52]

Orélo

In October 2018, the signing of the concession agreement for the Orélo water treatment plant followed the agreement protocol signed in March 2017 by the Republic of Gabon, the FGIS and the Eranove Group. [53] This contract deals with the financing, design, construction, operation and maintenance of a new clean drinking water production plant with a production capacity of 140,000 m3 per day, situated in the Estuaire Province, more specifically in the district of Komo-Kango. [54]

Kenié Énergie Renouvelable

Through its affiliate Kénié Énergie Renouvelable (Kénié Renewable Energy), the Eranove Group signed on June 18, 2015, with the government of the Republic of Mali a concession agreement with a duration of 30 years for the financing, design, construction and operation of the 42MW Kénié hydroelectric power plant, 35 km east of Bamako in Baguinéda on the Niger River. [9] [55] [56]

Asokh Energy

On 21 October 2016, the Eranove Group and the Fonds Gabonais d'Investissements Stratégiques (FGIS) signed a concession contract with the Gabonese State for the design, financing, construction and operation of the Asokh Energy hydroelectric power plant (Ngoulmendjim site, 73 MW) on 26 October 2018. [57] This hydroelectric power plant, located on the Komo River, is going to supply Libreville. [58]

Louetsi Energy

On 21 October 2016, the Eranove group and the Fonds Gabonais d'Investissements Stratégiques (FGIS) signed a concession contract with the Gabonese State for the design, financing, construction and operation of the Louetsi Hydro (15 MW) hydroelectric power plant and on 26 October 2018, the contract for the sale of electricity. [57] This run-of-river hydroelectric power plant, located 450 km from the capital on the Louetsi River, on the Dibwangui site, is dedicated to supplying the southwestern part of the country. [58] [59]

Cavally

In 2014 the Eranove Group signed an agreement protocol related to hydroelectric planning for the Cavally River. This protocol commits Eranove to the design, financing, construction and operation of hydroelectric facilities on the Cavally River, within the framework of a BOO (Build-Own-Operate) contract. [60]

Sahofika

A consortium made up of the Eranove, Eiffage and Themis Groups on December 2, 2016, signed a project agreement with the Republic of Madagascar for the construction and operation of a 200 MW capacity hydroelectric power plant. [61] [11]

RSE

Through its subsidiaries, the group is committed to all the facets of ISO 26 000 CSR and to ISO 9001 quality, OHSAS 18001 safety and ISO 1400160 environmental certification. [62]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Blé Goudé</span> Ivorian politician

Charles Blé Goudé is an Ivorian political leader, born at Guibéroua, in the centre west of the country. He was acquitted by the International Criminal Court on the 15th Jan 2019 of crimes against humanity allegedly committed in Côte d'Ivoire during the presidency of Laurent Gbagbo.

Abou Nidal de Genève is the stage name of Aboubakar Doumbia born on December 29, 1974, in Divo, Ivorian composer, performer and producer. His pseudonym is linked to the fact that he lived for many years in Geneva, Switzerland. His nickname is also Wara Boss in reference to the Wara Tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abidjan</span> Largest city and district of Côte dIvoire

Abidjan is the largest city and the former capital of Côte d'Ivoire. As of the 2021 census, Abidjan's population was 6.3 million, which is 21.5 percent of overall population of the country, making it the sixth most populous city proper in Africa, after Lagos, Cairo, Kinshasa, Dar es Salaam, and Johannesburg. A cultural crossroads of West Africa, Abidjan is characterised by a high level of industrialisation and urbanisation. It is also the most populous Dioula-speaking and French-speaking city in Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Félix-Houphouët-Boigny International Airport</span> Airport in Port-Bouët, Ivory Coast

Félix-Houphouët-Boigny International Airport, also known as Port Bouët Airport, is located 16 km south east of Abidjan, Ivory Coast. It is the largest airport in the country for air traffic. The airport is the main hub of the national airline Air Côte d'Ivoire. Named after the first president of Ivory Coast, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, this international airport is directly connected currently to airports in Europe and to many destinations within the rest of Africa and the Middle East. The airport is served by 21 airlines, covering more than 30 destinations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny</span> Public university in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB) is an institution of higher education located in the Cocody section of Abidjan and the largest in Côte d'Ivoire. With over 50,000 students, the UFHB has 13 faculties and several research centers providing diplomas from two-year undergraduate to professional academic, medical, legal, and specialist degrees. From 1964 to 1996, it remained the main campus of the national University of Abidjan system. It is state owned and operated by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. In 2008, it had 53,700 students.

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abidjan Metro</span> Rapid transit system under construction in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

The Abidjan Metro is a 37.5-kilometre (23.3 mi) rapid transit network under construction serving the Ivorian economic capital of Abidjan. Construction of the network started in November 2017, with the beginning of passenger service originally expected in 2022–2023, but has since been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic to at least 2028. Initially planned to comprise a single line with 13 stations undertaken by Bouygues-Dongsan, a French-Korean consortium, the project has since then been expanded to a single north–south line with 20 stations, financed 100% by France and built solely by three French groups after the withdrawal of the South Korean partners from the consortium in October 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pierre Kipré</span> Ivoirian historian (born 1945)

Pierre Kipré is a historian and writer from Ivory Coast. He is a former student of the École normale supérieure in Abidjan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Danièle Boni-Claverie</span> Ivorian politician and journalist

Danièle Boni-Claverie is a journalist and politician in the Ivory Coast. She served in the country's cabinet and was founding president of the Union Républicaine pour la démocratie.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Véronique Aka</span> Ivorian politician

Véronique Bra Kanon is an Ivorian politician and vice-president of the National Assembly of the Ivory Coast. She was the first woman to be president of an Ivorian regional council, leading the council of Moronou from 2013 to 2018.

Euphrasie Kouassi Yao is an Ivorian politician, who is the current special advisor to president Alassane Ouattara in charge of gender. She has also served as the Minister for the Promotion of Women, Family and Child Protection, and as a UNESCO chair on their committee on Water, Women and Decision-making.

Michel Gondi Gueu is an Ivorian politician and army general (2S).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abidjan-Ouagadougou railway</span> Single-track narrow gauge railway line in Côte dIvoire and Burkina Faso

The Abidjan-Niger Railway is a 1,260-kilometre (780-mile) single-track metre gauge line in francophone West Africa that links Abidjan, the economic capital of Ivory Coast to Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso. The railway, like others on the continent, was constructed by the colonial power to encourage economic development in the region, although detractors would claim that it was to exploit the region solely for their own advantage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamed Bakayoko</span> Prime Minister of Ivory Coast (1965–2021)

Hamed Bakayoko was an Ivorian politician who served as Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from 8 July 2020 until his death on 10 March 2021. He had previously served as the country's Minister of New Technologies, Information and Communication, Minister of the Interior and Minister of Defense.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcel Zadi Kessy</span> Ivorian politician (1936–2020)

Marcel Zadi Kessy was an Ivorian politician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kouadio Konan Bertin</span> Ivorian politician

Kouadio Konan Bertin, known as KKB, is an Ivorian politician. He represented Port-Bouët in the National Assembly from 2011 to 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kandia Camara</span> Ivorian teacher and politician

Kandia Camara is an Ivorian teacher and politician who is the President of the Senate of Ivory Coast since 12 October 2023. She is the former minister of foreign affairs in the government of President Alassane Ouattara.

Boundali Biomass Power Station (BBPS), is a 25 MW (34,000 hp) biomass-fired thermal power plant under development in Ivory Coast. The power station is under development by EcoStar Energy Ivory Coast, the Ivorian subsidiary of EcoStar Energy, a United States-based independent power producer (IPP). The power project received financial facilitation in form of a grant, from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anoumabo Urban Music Festival</span>

The Anoumabo Urban Music Festival or Festival des musiques urbaines d'Anoumabo (FEMUA) is an Afropop music festival that was created in 2008. It is held mainly in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. It brings together important contemporary artists from Africa and around the world for a week, usually in Anoumabo in the south of Abidjan. It is one of the largest music festivals in Africa, with more than 40,000 spectators in 2017. Admission to the concerts is free and some artists donate their royalties to a local development project. An annex of the festival, Femua Kids, is intended for children.

References

  1. "Gabon : Lancement des sociétés ASOKH ENERGY et LOUETSI HYDRO". 14 May 2018.
  2. "Eranove : " En route pour une production d'énergie plus propre au Togo "". Agence Ecofin. 31 October 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  3. "Le FGIS et le Groupe Eranove lancent les sociétés de projet pour les deux centrales hydroélectriques - Gabon Initiatives, Actualité Libreville". www.gaboninitiatives.com. 15 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  4. "Bouygues boucle la vente pour 1,037 milliard d'euros de la SAUR". lesechos.fr (in French). 16 November 2004. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  5. 1 2 "Le groupe n'est plus majoritaire dans Finagestion après une nouvelle cession de participations". Investir (in French). Archived from the original on 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  6. "ECP dans le capital de la CIE". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2009-02-18. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  7. 1 2 "RAPPORT DE DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLE 2017" (PDF). Eranove. 2017.
  8. "Eranove a-t-il assez d'énergie pour devenir un leader continental ?". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2014-12-15. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  9. 1 2 "Eranove va financer le barrage de Kenié au Mali". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2015-06-18. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  10. "Energie : Le FGIS et le groupe Eranove lancent Asokh Energy et Louetsi (...)". Gaboneco (in French). Archived from the original on 2018-12-22. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  11. 1 2 "Eiffage et Eranove remportent un méga projet de centrale hydroélectrique à Madagascar". L'EnerGeek (in French). 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  12. 1 2 "Eranove va construire une nouvelle centrale électrique en Côte d'Ivoire". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  13. 1 2 AiMedia. "Togo is set to develop Kékéli Efficient Power station | Africa Investor" . Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  14. "AXA acquiert 18,6% de la société africaine Eranove auprès de Bouygues". Investir (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  15. "Côte d'Ivoire - Abidjan" (PDF). Business France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  16. Ecofin, Agence. "CIPREL conforte sa place de première centrale de Côte d'Ivoire avec l'inauguration d'une nouvelle tranche de production". Agence Ecofin (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  17. TAPSOBA, Mathurin (2016-02-19). "CIPREL conforte sa place de première centrale de Côte d'Ivoire avec l'inauguration …". ECODAFRIK. Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  18. "» CIPREL IV, une centrale à vapeur innovante et écologique (Fiche technique)". aip.ci. Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  19. "Côte d'Ivoire : Ciprel récolte 200 millions d'euros". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2013-08-21. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  20. "Avenant 6 à la convention Ciprel, La Côte d'Ivoire va augmenter sa production de 222 mégawatts". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  21. "Energie / Projet CIPREL IV : la Côte d'Ivoire obtient un prêt de 178 milliards de franc CFA". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  22. Rédaction (2015-04-22). "Côte d'Ivoire: Ciprel booste l'offre électrique". Financial Afrik (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  23. K.N, Hermance (2015-08-18). "Abidjan/ fourniture de l'électricité:3500 milliards de francs Cfa d'investissement prévus de 2016 à 2020". www.linfodrome.com (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  24. "Le gouvernement ivoirien devrait dépasser ses objectifs en matière de projets énergétiques". Oxford Business Group. 2018-02-28. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  25. dit, Noemie (2018-05-18). "La Côte d'Ivoire est proche de conclure un accord de 530 millions $ pour la construction d'une centrale thermique". Intellivoire (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  26. "Kablan Duncan : " ...que l'énergie soit la lumière qui éclaire et accompagne l'émergence"". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  27. Rédaction (2018-12-03). "CÔTE D'IVOIRE : Le Centre des Métiers de l'Électricité (CME) obtient 98% de réussite au BTS Électrotechnique 2018". Financial Afrik (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  28. 1 2 "" Compagnie Ivoirienne d'Electricité "" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2018-12-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  29. "Compagnie Ivoirienne d'Electricité [CIE] 2018 – Fiche de Notation Financière – Bloomfield Investment Corporation" (in French). Archived from the original on 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  30. "Côte d'Ivoire : la filière électricité forme ses futurs talents". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2018-06-25. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  31. "Cote d'Ivoire: Le Centre des Métiers de l'Electricité (CME) signe avec le Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM) français et avec l'incubateur Jokkolabs". allAfrica.fr (in French). 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  32. "» Côte d'Ivoire/Le centre de formation de CIE va délivrer la première licence professionnelle du CNAM français en Afrique de l'Ouest". aip.ci. Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  33. "M. Eba Basil, Directeur général de la Sodeci : Plus de manque d'eau d'ici à fin 2014 en Cote d'Ivoire". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  34. "COTE D'IVOIRE, SOCIETE DE DISTRIBUTION D'EAU DE CÔTE D'IVOIRE (SODECI)" (PDF). Bloomfield Investment. September 2016.
  35. "Partenariat Public-Prive, Cas de la Senegalaise des Eaux by Mamadou Dia | Public private partnership". ppp.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  36. "Gouvernance de l'eau : Mamadou Dia partage les "clés" du succès du Sénégal avec ses pairs africains". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  37. "Mamadou Dia : " 240 milliards de F CFA ont été investis entre 1996 et 2008 "". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2010-03-22. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  38. Rédaction (2018-03-22). "Journée mondiale de l'eau : la Sénégalaise des Eaux (SDE) a doublé sa production et le nombre de consommateurs". Financial Afrik (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  39. 1 2 "Afrique: La SDE désignée première société africaine d'eau de l'année". allAfrica.fr (in French). 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  40. "Présentation". www.sde.sn. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  41. "Sénégal: La Sénégalaise Des Eaux (Sde) a doublé sa production et le nombre de consommateurs". allAfrica.fr (in French). 2018-03-22. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  42. jours, Niamey et les 2. "Journée mondiale de l'eau : la Sénégalaise des Eaux (SDE) a doublé sa production et le nombre de consommateurs". Niamey et les 2 jours (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  43. "Senegal" (PDF). ISO.
  44. "Les norms au service de l'eau en Africa". ISO. 2015.
  45. "RD Congo : Finagestion gérera l'eau pendant trois ans". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  46. "Smartenergy Côte d'Ivoire" (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  47. Bros, Creative Men. "Nos activités". AWALE Corporation. Archived from the original on 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  48. 1 2 "Eranove" (PDF).[ permanent dead link ]
  49. "CENTRALE ELECTRIQUE DE KEKELI | Le Togo signe avec Eranove". Africa Exclusive (in French). 2018-10-25. Archived from the original on 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  50. "Économiser les ressources". Eranove (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  51. ERANOVE. "L'État de Côte d'Ivoire et le Groupe Eranove signent une convention de concession pour une centrale électrique de 390 MW". Agence Ecofin (in French). Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  52. "IVORY COAST: Eranove wraps up financing for its 390 MW power plant, Atinkou". 10 March 2020.
  53. "Le Fonds Gabonais d'Investissements Stratégiques (FGIS) et le Groupe Eranove signent trois contrats avec la République Gabonaise". Eranove (in French). 2018-10-26. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  54. "Gabon to develop two hydro plants, water production unit". www.hydroworld.com. Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  55. Ecofin, Agence. "Eranove s'engage dans l'énergie hydroélectrique au Mali". Agence Ecofin (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  56. "Eranove to develop 42MW hydro plant in Mali - International Water Power". www.waterpowermagazine.com. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  57. 1 2 "Eau et électricité : Eranove obtient des marchés au Gabon et au Togo". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2018-10-29. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  58. 1 2 "Déficit électricité Gabon : Les sociétés Asokh Energy et Louetsi Hydro comme solution". La référence du Business au Sénégal (in French). 2018-05-15. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  59. "Louetsi Energy". Eranove (in French). Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  60. "Afrique". Eranove (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  61. Rakotobe, Harilalaina (2018-07-06). "Energie - La future centrale de Sahofika sort de l'eau • L'Express de Madagascar". L'Express de Madagascar (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-19.
  62. AfricaNews (2018-10-23). "La République Togolaise et le Groupe Eranove signent une convention de concession pour une centrale électrique de 65MW". Africanews (in French). Archived from the original on 2018-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-19.