Eurema nicippe

Last updated

Sleepy orange
Sleepy Orange, Megan McCarty47.jpg
Abaeis nicippe1.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Genus: Eurema
Species:
E. nicippe
Binomial name
Eurema nicippe
(Cramer, 1779)
Synonyms
  • Abaeis nicippeCramer, 1779

Eurema nicippe, the sleepy orange, is a North American butterfly in the family Pieridae. Its range spans from Central America to north along the United States-Mexico border, and it often travels further to non-mountainous regions of the southeastern United States. [3]

Contents

Description

Sleepy oranges puddling on damp ground. Eurema nicippe clustering.jpg
Sleepy oranges puddling on damp ground.

The sleepy orange is a bright orange butterfly with the upperside of the wings having wide black borders. The forewing costal margin has a small, narrow black marking that resembles a closed eye. Contrary to popular belief, its name originates from this wing patterning, rather than its behavior; the butterfly has a very rapid flight pattern when disturbed. [4] The underside of the wings varies seasonally: summer forms are bright yellow with brick-red markings, while winter forms are browner and more heavily marked. It has a wingspan of 138–214 inches (35–50 mm). [5]

Habitat

The sleepy orange generally prefers low elevation areas, [3] agricultural land, and disturbed sites, [5] and may be found in or around old fields, roadsides, woods edges, swamps, wet meadows, open woodlands, margins of ponds, waterways, and valleys. [4]

Life cycle

Its eggs are spindle-shaped and white in color when first laid, but quickly turn yellow. [4] They are laid on the underside of the leaves of its host plant, often members of the legume family. [6] The larva is pale green with a narrow white stripe along its length on either side and very short hairs. [4] The chrysalis varies from pale green [7] to brown-black later in its life cycle. [5] They have two to four broods per year. They can be found year-round further south, but migrate north during the warmer summer months. [8]

Host plants

Similar species

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References

  1. Walker, A. (2020). "Abaeis nicippe". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T173005000A173005029. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T173005000A173005029.en . Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  2. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 Abaeis nicippe Sleepy Orange". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Sleepy Orange Abaeis nicippe (Cramer, 1779)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. June 10, 2024. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Sleepy Orange". Alabama Butterfly Atlas. June 10, 2024. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 "Florida's Wildflowers & Butterflies | Sleepy Orange". Florida Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2024-06-10.
  6. "Sleepy Orange - Pollinator Web". 2023-04-14. Retrieved 2024-06-10.
  7. Krotzer, Steve and Mary Jane. "Sleepy Orange". Haysop Hill Photography. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  8. Webmaster, David Ratz. "Sleepy Orange - Montana Field Guide". fieldguide.mt.gov. Retrieved 2024-06-10.