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William de Raley was a medieval judge, administrator and bishop. Most historians now believe that he was the author of the great law book Bracton.
Events from the 1190s in England.
Carucage was a medieval English land tax enacted by King Richard I in 1194, based on the size—variously calculated—of the taxpayer's estate. It was a replacement for the danegeld, last imposed in 1162, which had become difficult to collect because of an increasing number of exemptions. Carucage was levied just six times: by Richard in 1194 and 1198; by John, his brother and successor, in 1200; and by John's son, Henry III, in 1217, 1220, and 1224, after which it was replaced by taxes on income and personal property.
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Royal justices were judges in medieval England with the power to hear pleas of the Crown. They were roving officials of the king of England, sent to seek out notorious robbers and murderers and bring them to justice.
Sir Richard Duket was an English Crown official who had a highly successful career in England and Ireland, and enjoyed the confidence of two English monarchs, John and Henry III. In a career spanning more than forty years, he served variously as a judge, diplomat, King's Messenger, Sheriff and Royal Secretary.
References
- ↑ "Eyre: Definition, usage and pronunciation - YourDictionary.com". Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-02.
- ↑ Robert C. Stacey, ‘Walter, Hubert (d. 1205)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
- ↑ William Craddock Bolland (1922). The General Eyre. Cambridge University Press. pp. 22-23.
- ↑ Hunt Janin (2004). Medieval Justice: Cases and Laws in France, England, and Germany: 500-1500. p. 78.
- ↑ Stenton, Doris Mary (1964). English Justice Between the Norman Conquest and the Great Charter 1066–1215. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. p. 73.
