FN Herstal

Last updated
FN Herstal
Company type S.A.
Industry Arms industry
Founded3 July 1889;134 years ago (1889-07-03)
FounderHenri Pieper
Headquarters,
Belgium
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Products Firearms, ammunition
Number of employees
3,000 worldwide
Parent Herstal Group
Website fnherstal.com OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Fabrique Nationale Herstal ( French for 'National Factory Herstal'), trading as FN Herstal and often referred to as Fabrique Nationale, Factory National, or simply FN, is a leading firearms manufacturer based in Herstal, Belgium, and former vehicle manufacturer. It was the largest exporter of military small arms in Europe as of 2012. [1]

Contents

FN Herstal is owned by the Herstal Group holding company, which is in turn owned by the regional government of Wallonia. [2] The Herstal Group also owns the Browning Arms Company and the U.S. Repeating Arms Company (Winchester). [2]

FN America is the U.S. subsidiary of FN Herstal, which was formed by the merger of FN's previous two American subsidiaries – FN Manufacturing and FNH USA. [3] A United Kingdom based manufacturing facility, FNH UK, is also in operation.

View of the factory site Herstal - Entree FN.jpg
View of the factory site

Firearms designed and/or manufactured by FN include the S.A.W. M249, Browning Hi-Power and Five-seven pistols, the FAL, FNC, F2000 and SCAR rifles, the P90 submachine gun, the M2 Browning, MAG, Minimi and the FN Evolys machine guns; [2] all have been commercially successful. [4] FN Herstal's firearms are used by the armed forces of over 100 countries. [5]

History

1913 FN motorcycle with four-cylinder in-line engine and shaft drive Fn-1913.jpg
1913 FN motorcycle with four-cylinder in-line engine and shaft drive
1931 FN cabriolet 1931 FN 1625 cabriolet f3q.JPG
1931 FN cabriolet
FN Browning Hi-Power pistol Browning High-Power 9mm IMG 1526.jpg
FN Browning Hi-Power pistol

FN Herstal originated in the small city of Herstal, near Liège. The Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre (French for 'National Factory of Weapons of War') was established in 1889 to manufacture 150,000 Mauser Model 89 rifles ordered by the Belgian government. [2] FN was co-founded by the major arms makers of the Liège region, with Henri Pieper of Anciens Etablissements Pieper being the driving force and the primary shareholder of the new company. In 1897, the company entered into a long-lasting relationship with John Browning, a well-known American firearms designer. [2]

The company was an important manufacturer of motor vehicles in Belgium, a development championed by Alexandre Galopin as managing director. FN cars were produced in Herstal from the early 1900s until 1935. Production of FN motorcycles continued until 1965, and production of trucks until 1970. [6] In 1973, FN changed its name to reflect a diversified product line far beyond just military Small Arms and Firearms manufacturing, adopting the current name of Fabrique Nationale d'Herstal. [7]

One of Fabrique Nationale's handguns, a Model 1910 semi-automatic pistol in 9×17mm (.380 ACP) (serial number 19074), was one of four weapons that were taken from the assassins of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, although it is unknown which of the four weapons fired the fatal round.

Browning began the development of the GP35 "High Power" pistol, the GP standing for Grande Puissance (French for high power), which is well-known as the Browning Hi-Power. The weapon was finalized by FN's Dieudonné Saive and did not appear until 1935, nearly a decade after Browning's death; it remained in production until 2017.

The FN Manufacturing LLC plant in Columbia, South Carolina, is part of the military division of FN. It is primarily responsible for the production of U.S. military weapons, such as M16 rifles, M249 light machine guns, M240 machine guns, and M2 machine guns. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Browning Hi-Power</span> American-Belgian semi-automatic pistol

The Browning Hi-Power is a single-action, semi-automatic pistol available in the 9×19mm Parabellum and .40 S&W calibers. It was based on a design by American firearms inventor John Browning, and completed by Dieudonné Saive at FN Herstal. Browning died in 1926, several years before the design was finalized. FN Herstal named it the "High Power" in allusion to the 13-round magazine capacity, almost twice that of other designs at the time, such as the Walther P38 or Colt M1911.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Browning</span> American firearms designer (1855–1926)

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The Fabrique Nationale Model 1949 (often referred to as the FN-49, SAFN, or AFN is an autoloading battle rifle designed by Belgian small arms designer Dieudonné Saive in 1947. It was adopted by the militaries of Argentina, Belgium, the Belgian Congo, Brazil, Colombia, Egypt, Indonesia, Luxembourg, and Venezuela. The selective fire version produced for Belgium was known as the AFN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN F2000</span> Bullpup assault rifle

The FN F2000 is a 5.56×45mm NATO bullpup rifle, designed by FN Herstal in Belgium. Its compact bullpup design includes a telescopic sight, a non-adjustable fixed notch and front blade secondary sight. The weapon has fully ambidextrous controls, allowed by a unique ejection system, ejecting spent cartridge casings forward and to the right side of the weapon, through a tube running above the barrel. The F2000 made its debut in March 2001 at the IDEX defence exhibition held in Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates.

The U.S. Repeating Arms Company (USRAC) was an American manufacturer of firearms. It was established in 1981 and operated as an independent company until 1989, when it went bankrupt and was taken over by Fabrique Nationale Herstal. The company traced its origins to the Winchester Repeating Arms Company, which was famous for making Winchester rifles.

The FN 140DA was a semi-automatic weapon manufactured by Beretta of Italy on behalf of FN Herstal of Belgium. The pistol was sold as the Browning BDA 380 in the United States and Canada.

Dieudonné Joseph Saive was a Belgian small arms designer who designed several well-known firearms for Belgian armsmaker Fabrique Nationale, including the Model 1949 and the FAL rifles. He is also known for modifying several of John Browning's firearms designs, including the 1931 Baby Browning and Browning Hi-Power pistols.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mk 48 machine gun</span> General-purpose machine gun

The Mark 48, or Mk 48, is a belt-fed general-purpose machine gun chambered for 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges, fed from a disintegrating belt or the non-disintegrating segmented German DM1 belt of ammunition.

The FN Special Police Rifle is a bolt-action sniper rifle marketed by FNH USA, a subsidiary of the Belgian company FN Herstal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN Model 1910</span> Semi-automatic pistol

The FN Model 1910 is a blowback-operated, semi-automatic pistol designed by John Browning and manufactured by Fabrique Nationale of Belgium.

The Browning Automatic 5, most often Auto-5 or simply A-5, is a recoil-operated semi-automatic shotgun designed by John Browning and manufactured by Fabrique Nationale de Herstal. It was the first successful semi-automatic shotgun design, and remained in production until 1998. The name of the shotgun designates that it is an autoloader with a capacity of five rounds, four in the magazine and one in the chamber. Remington Arms and Savage Arms sold variants called the Remington Model 11 and Savage Model 720 that were nearly identical but lacked the magazine cutoff found on the Browning.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN Model 1903</span> Semi-automatic pistol

The FN Model 1903, or Browning No.2 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by John Browning and manufactured by Belgian arms manufacturer Fabrique Nationale (FN). It was introduced in 1903 and fired the 9×20mmSR Browning Long cartridge. It should not be confused with the US-made Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless, nor with the Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammer. The FN Model 1903 is based on the same mechanical design as the Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless, which Browning sold to both companies, but enlarged to handle the more powerful 9mm Browning Long cartridge. The M1903's reliability, accuracy, light weight, and quick reloading made it a popular service pistol for many police forces and militaries. The pistol was initially introduced by FN as the Browning Modèle de Guerre or Browning Grand Modèle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN FNP</span> Semi-automatic pistol

The FN FNP pistol is a series of semi-automatic, polymer-framed pistols manufactured in Columbia, South Carolina, by FNH USA, a division of Fabrique Nationale de Herstal. The handgun debuted in early 2006 and is variously chambered for the 9×19mm, .40 S&W, .357 SIG and .45 ACP cartridges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN HP-DA</span> Semi-automatic pistol

FN HP-DA is a 9mm semi-automatic pistol developed by Belgian Fabrique Nationale arms factory in Herstal. In North American markets, it was marketed as the Browning BDA and is also referred to as Browning DA and Browning Hi-Power BDA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN Baby Browning</span> Pistol

The 1931 Fabrique Nationale (FN) Baby Browning is a small blowback-operated semi-automatic pistol designed by Belgium-born Dieudonné Saive chambered in .25 ACP. The pistol features a six-round magazine capacity and is a striker-fired, single action, blow back mechanism. The manual thumb operated safety locks the slide in the closed position when engaged using side thumb pressure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M249 light machine gun</span> Light machine gun

The M249 SAW, formally written as Light Machine Gun, 5.56 mm, M249, is the US military's adaptation of the Belgian FN Minimi, a light machine gun manufactured by FN Herstal (FN).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FN 5.7×28mm</span> Handgun cartridge manufactured by FN Herstal

The FN 5.7×28mm is a small-caliber, high-velocity, smokeless-powder, rebated, bottleneck, centerfire cartridge designed for pistols and personal defense weapons (PDW) uses, manufactured by FN Herstal. It is similar in length to the .22 WMR and .22 Hornet. Unlike many new cartridges, it has no parent case; the complete package was developed from scratch by FN.

The FN 303 P is a semi-automatic less-lethal pistol designed and manufactured by Fabrique Nationale de Herstal. It uses the same .68 Less-lethal cartridge as the FN 303, the less-lethal riot gun by FN Herstal.

References

  1. "Les armes belges, un business juteux" (in French). La Dernière Heure (DHnet). December 31, 2012. Retrieved November 1, 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Herstal Group: About Us". FN Herstal. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  3. "FN Manufacturing and FNH USA to consolidate U.S. Operations". FN Herstal. June 6, 2014. Archived from the original on August 31, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  4. Miller, David (2001). The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns. Salamander Books Ltd. ISBN   1-84065-245-4.
  5. "Report: Profiling the Small Arms Industry - World Policy Institute - Research Project". World Policy Institute. November 2000. Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
  6. Francotte, Auguste; Gaier, Claude; Karlshausen, Robert (2008). Ars Mechanica. Herstal Group. ISBN   978-2-87415-877-3.
  7. Stevens, R. Blake The Browning High Power Automatic Pistol. Collector Grade Publications (1990). ISBN   978-0-88935-089-2.