Faxonius neglectus

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Faxonius neglectus
Ringed crayfish - MDC gov.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Cambaridae
Genus: Faxonius
Species:
F. neglectus
Binomial name
Faxonius neglectus
(Crandall & De Grave, 2017) [3]
Subspecies [4]
  • F. n. neglectus(Crandall & De Grave, 2017) [3]
  • F. n. chaenodactylus(Crandall & De Grave, 2017) [3]
Synonyms [1]

Orconectes neglectus Faxon, 1885 [5]

Faxonius neglectus, a species of freshwater crayfish also known as the ringed crayfish, is native to Central North America, with two major disjunct areas of distribution in the Ozarks and around Nebraska. [4] [6] The species name, Faxonius neglectus, was previously Orconectes neglectus (before this, Faxonius was a subgenus of Orconectes [5] ). Faxonius was declared its own genus in 2017 by Crandall & De Grave, [3] as many previously thought Orconectes species were found to not reside in caves (a quality of Orconectes ). [3]

Contents

Description and ecology

There are two subspecies of F. neglectus: F. neglectus chaenodactylus (also known as the 'gapped ringed crayfish' or the 'gap ringed crayfish') and F. neglectus neglectus. [4] [6] [7] F. neglectus has a uniquely marked decapod anatomy, which includes a wide ring on the rostrum in combination with a dark brown wide ring on the dactyl and propodus of the crayfish's chelipeds, ending in bright red/orange. The third maxilliped ends in a scalloped appearance. The color of the carapace can range from a light brown or yellow color, just rear of the cephalic groove, being banded by a dark brown ring. [8]

Faxonius neglectus neglectus, showcasing distinctive banded claws that are unique to this species. Faxonius neglectus neglectus.jpg
Faxonius neglectus neglectus, showcasing distinctive banded claws that are unique to this species.

Evidence of sexual dimorphism has not been observed to be present for this species. Adult carapace length is an average of 32 mm for males and females. During F. n. chaenodactylus's initial year of life, the average number of molts performed is 8, followed by 4, 3, 4, 4, and 4 molts for each year after. [9] Mating is polygonous, resulting in size based dominance. [10]

Like many other decapods, F. neglectus consumes algae and detritus within the environments that they occupy. [11]

Males

In F. neglectus males, there is the presence of the pleopods (swimmerets) being curved towards the tail. [8] Males have been documented to reach maturity within 8 months, but the growth of immature F. n. chaenodactylus is dependent upon temperature fluctuations during this time. [9] The average maximum age for F. n. chaenodactylus males is 5 years, with the average age being 3 years. [10]

Females

The average maximum age for F. n. chaenodactylus females is 4 years, with the average age being 3 years. [10]

Habitat

Native range

Faxonius neglectus has two allopatric populations:

Faxonius neglectus neglectus

The native range for F. n. neglectus is disjunct between a population in the Boston Mountains and Ozark Highlands of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, and a western and central Nebraska-centered population also occurring in adjacent Colorado, Kansas, and Wyoming. [4] [6] There are also isolated records of this taxon western Colorado west of the continental divide (i.e., in the Pacific drainage and not the Atlantic drainage like other known populations). [6] Many of these northern populations were once considered relict populations, but recent work has shown that F. n. neglectus is widespread within the western two thirds of Nebraska and surrounding adjacent drainages, including the basins of the Kansas (mostly the tributaries of the Republican and Big Blue), the Niobrara, and the Platte (including the Loup) rivers. [6]

Faxonius neglectus chaenodactylus

Restricted to drainages of the White River in both Arkansas and Missouri. [7] [12]

Invasive range

F. neglectus has been documented as an invasive species in the Hudson River's Croton River drainage of southeastern New York, and the Housatonic River drainage of Connecticut. [8] F. neglectus is an invasive species in the Spring River (Arkansas) drainage of the Ozarks. Where F. neglectus colonizes, the native species, Orconectes eupunctus and Cambarus hubbsi , are no longer present, despite having been previously observed in those areas. [13]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rusty crayfish</span> Large species of freshwater crayfish which is native to the United States

The rusty crayfish is a large, aggressive species of freshwater crayfish which is native to the United States, in the Ohio River Basin in parts of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. Its range is rapidly expanding across much of eastern North America, displacing native crayfishes in the process. The rusty crayfish was first captured in Illinois in 1973, and has been collected at over 20 locations in the northern portion of the state. In 2005, F. rusticus was found for the first time west of the Continental Divide, in the John Day River, Oregon, which runs into the Columbia River.

<i>Orconectes</i> Genus of crayfish

Orconectes is a genus of cave dwelling freshwater crayfish, endemic to suitable habitats in the eastern United States. Surface dwelling species, formerly categorised here, were moved to Faxonius in 2017.

Faxonius hathawayi blacki, the Calcasieu crayfish, is a sub-species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Louisiana. The common name refers to the Calcasieu River, near where the original specimens were found in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.

Faxonius cooperi, the Flint River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Alabama and Tennessee in the United States. The common name refers to the Flint River, where the original specimens were found.

Faxonius jonesi, the Sucarnoochee River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The common name refers to the Sucarnoochee River, near where the original specimens were found in Kemper County, Mississippi. It is endemic to Mississippi and Alabama in the United States.

Faxonius menae, the Mena crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Oklahoma and Arkansas in the United States. The specific epithet and common name both refer to Mena, Arkansas, where the original specimens were found.

Faxonius peruncus, the Big Creek crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Missouri. The common name refers to Big Creek, where the original specimens were found.

Faxonius quadruncus, the St. Francis River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Missouri. The common name refers to the St. Francis River where the first examples were found.

<i>Faxonius shoupi</i> Species of crayfish

The Nashville crayfish, Faxonius shoupi, is a freshwater crustacean native to the Mill Creek Basin in Nashville, Tennessee. Prior to August 2017, the species was called Orconectes shoupi. Faxonius shoupi is protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as an endangered species. However, the crayfish has recently been put up for delisting by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

Faxonius stannardi, the Little Wabash crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Illinois. The common name refers to the Little Wabash River, where the original specimens were found.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walter Faxon</span>

Walter Faxon was an American ornithologist and carcinologist. He was born at Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, where he grew up. He received three degrees from Harvard University. One of his greater ornithological achievements was demonstration that Brewster's warbler is a hybrid.

<i>Faxonius limosus</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius limosus, synonym Orconectes limosus, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to the east coast of North America, from Quebec to the lower James River, Virginia, but has also been introduced to Europe. It is known commonly as the spinycheek crayfish or Kamberkrebs in German.

<i>Faxonius virilis</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius virilis is a species of crayfish known as the virile crayfish, northern crayfish,eastern crayfish, and lesser known as the lake crayfish or common crawfish. Faxonius virilis was reclassified in August 2017, and the genus was changed from Orconectes to Faxonius. It is native to the central United States, east to tributaries of Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence River in New York and to much of Canada.

Faxonius alabamensis, the Alabama crayfish, is a species of freshwater crayfish that lives in Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee.

Faxonius maletae, sometimes called the Kisatchie painted crayfish or Kisatchie painted crawfish, is a species of crawdad in the Cambaridae family. The specific epithet maletae is in honor of the discoverer's wife, author Maleta M. Walls, who helped collect many of the original specimens. It was originally described as a subspecies of Orconectes difficilis, but later elevated to full species status. The common name refers to the Kisatchie National Forest, near where the original specimens were found in Bayou Santabarb.

<i>Faxonius</i> Genus of crayfishes

Faxonius is a genus of freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. There are more than 90 described species in Faxonius. It includes the rusty crayfish, an invasive species in North America, and three species, F. virilis, F. immunis, and F. limosus, that are invasive to Europe.

<i>Faxonius lancifer</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius lancifer, the shrimp crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is widespread in the South-Eastern United States.

<i>Faxonius acares</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius acares, or the redspotted stream crayfish, is a species of freshwater crayfish endemic to the Arkansas River and the Ouachita River of the Ouachita National Forest and Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas.

Faxonius texanus, or the Texas river crayfish, is a species of cambarid crayfish endemic to the East Texas area.

Faxonius alluvius is a species of Cambarid crayfish endemic to the state of Indiana.

References

  1. 1 2 Adams, S., Schuster, G.A. & Taylor, C.A. 2010. Orconectes neglectus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T153807A4547575. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T153807A4547575.en. Accessed on 06 February 2024.
  2. ↑ Faxonius neglectus | NatureServe Explorer. (n.d.). Retrieved February 7, 2024, from https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.119078/Faxonius_neglectus
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Crandall, K. A., & De Grave, S. (2017). An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 37(5), 615–653. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/rux070
  4. 1 2 3 4 Magoulick, D. D., Wynne, K. C., & Clark, J. (2022). Morphological traits related to potential invasiveness of two subspecies of the crayfish Faxonius neglectus. River Research and Applications, 38(8), 1510–1518. https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4024
  5. 1 2 Faxon, W . 1885. Preliminary catalogue of the crayfishes of Kansas. Bulletin of the Washburn College Laboratory of Natural History, 1: 140–142..
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Schainost, Steven C. (2011). "The ringed crayfish, Orconectes neglectus neglectus, in Nebraska with a revision of its distributional range". Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies. 32: 59–68.
  7. 1 2 Wagner, Brian K.; Taylor, C. A.; Kottmyer, Mark D. (2010). "Status and distribution of the gapped ringed crayfish, Orconectes neglectus chaenogactylus, in Arkansas". Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science. 64: 115–122.
  8. 1 2 3 Daniels, R. A., Murphy, D. C., & Klemens, M. W. (2001). Orconectes neglectus Is Established in the Northeast. Northeastern Naturalist, 8(1), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.2307/3858265
  9. 1 2 Price, J. O., & Payce, J. F. (1984). Postembryonic to Adult Growth and Development in the Crayfish Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams, 1952 (Decapoda, Astacidea). Crustaceana, 46(2), 176–194.
  10. 1 2 3 Price, J. O., & Payne, J. F. (1984). Size, Age, and Population Dynamics in an R-Selected Population of Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Crustaceana, 46(1), 29–38.
  11. ↑ Evans-white, M., Dodds, W. K., Gray, L. J., & Fritz, K. M. (2001). A comparison of the trophic ecology of the crayfishes (Orconectes nais (Faxon) and Orconectes neglectus (Faxon)) and the central stoneroller minnow ( Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque)): Omnivory in a tallgrass prairie stream. Hydrobiologia, 462(1–3), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013182100150
  12. ↑ United States Geological Survey. "gap ringed crayfish (Faxonius neglectus chaenodactylus) - Species Profile". USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  13. ↑ Magoulick, D. D., & DiStefano, R. J. (2007). Invasive Crayfish Orconectes neglectus Threatens Native Crayfishes in the Spring River Drainage of Arkansas and Missouri. Southeastern Naturalist, 6(1), 141–150.
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