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Suomen Kansallisteatteri | |
The location of the theatre in Helsinki | |
Address | Läntinen Teatterikuja 1, 00100 Helsinki, Finland |
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Coordinates | 60°10′19.92″N24°56′37.9″E / 60.1722000°N 24.943861°E |
Public transit | Helsinki Central railway station |
Type | Theatre |
Capacity | 1424 885 (Main Stage) 309 (Small Stage) 152 (Willensauna Stage) 78 (Omapohja Studio) |
Construction | |
Opened | 9 April 1902 |
Expanded | 1954, 1976, 1987 |
Architect | Onni Tarjanne and Heikki & Kaija Siren |
Website | |
www |
The Finnish National Theatre (Finnish : Suomen Kansallisteatteri), established in 1872, is a theatre located in central Helsinki on the northern side of the Helsinki Central Railway Station Square. The Finnish National Theatre is the oldest Finnish speaking professional theatre in Finland. It was known as the Finnish Theatre until 1902, when it was renamed the Finnish National Theatre.
For the first thirty years of its existence, the theatre functioned primarily as a touring company. The theatre did not acquire a permanent home until 1902, when a purpose-built structure was erected in the heart of Helsinki, adjacent to the city's main railway station. The building hosting the Finnish National Theatre today was completed in 1902 and designed by architect Onni Tarjanne in the National Romantic style, inspired by romantic nationalism. The theatre still operates in these premises today, and over the years the building has expanded from its original size to encompass another three permanent stages. In addition to the Main Stage (Suuri näyttämö), the theatre comprises the Small Stage (Pieni näyttämö) built in 1954 (by architects Heikki Siren and Kaija Siren), the Willensauna Stage built in 1976, and the Omapohja studio built in 1987. The theatre is often associated with the Finnish national romantic writer Aleksis Kivi, as the Aleksis Kivi Memorial is located in front of it.
The Finnish National Theatre is the oldest Finnish speaking professional theatre in Finland. [1] It was founded in 1872. [1]
The birth of the Finnish National Theatre was closely linked to the nation's political and cultural ideology during the late nineteenth century. Finland was a part of the Russian Empire, and its intellectual elite was Swedish speaking. Finnish language and art, including theatre, became the cornerstones of a cultural movement which began in the 1860s, gradually developing political ambitions by the turn of the century, and eventually leading to national independence in 1917.
The theatre was established as a touring theatre in 1872 by the name Suomalainen teatteri, The Finnish Theatre. The first performance was given on 13 October 1872 in the west coast town of Pori at the Hotel Otava, which today is considered to be the birthplace of the Finnish-language theatre. For the first thirty years of its existence, The Finnish Theatre functioned primarily as a touring company. Its first directors were the siblings Kaarlo and Emilie Bergbom.
The theatre did not acquire a permanent home until 1902, after a purpose-built structure was erected prominently in the heart of Helsinki, adjacent to the city's main railway station, the Helsinki Central railway station. The building was designed by Onni Tarjanne in the National Romantic style, inspired by romantic nationalism. At the same time, the name Finnish Theatre was switched into the Finnish National Theatre. In 1939, the Aleksis Kivi Memorial (designed by Wäinö Aaltonen) was erected in front of the theatre, to commemorate the Aleksis Kivi and his role in Finnish theatrical art.
The Finnish National Theatre building is reportedly haunted by at least three ghosts – an unknown Grey Lady and the ghosts of actors Urho Somersalmi and Aarne Leppänen.
The Finnish National Theatre currently houses four permanent stages:
The theatre established a new production unit in 2010, which was given the name of Touring Stage. This unit, which has no fixed stage, aims to take small-scale touring performances to locations throughout the country which have little or no access to theatre, such as schools, day care centres, homes for the elderly, hospitals, welfare reception centres, prisons, and so on. The Touring Stage's programme focuses on topical issues which are developed through community research and interaction, reaching out and giving voice to marginalised sectors of society.
In January 2011 the theatre's former restaurant reopened as the Club Scene (Finnish : Lavaklubi), transformed into a late-evening club-like entertainment spot. The space has been given a new look, refurbished in a piano-bar stroke artist's living-room style, and hosts various types of music, drama, and poetry performances as well as discussion evenings and artist soirées.
Aleksis Kivi was a Finnish writer who wrote the first significant novel in the Finnish language, Seitsemän veljestä, published in 1870. He is also known for his 1864 play, Nummisuutarit. Although Kivi was among the very earliest writers of prose and lyrics in Finnish, he is still considered one of the greatest.
Seitsemän veljestä is the first and only novel by Aleksis Kivi, the national author of Finland. It is widely regarded as the first significant novel written in Finnish and by a Finnish-speaking author, and it is considered to be a real pioneer of Finnish realistic folklore. Today, some people still regard it as the greatest Finnish novel ever written, and in time it has even gained the status of a "national novel of Finland". The deep significance of the work for Finnish culture has even been quoted internationally, and in a BBC article by Lizzie Enfield, for example, describes Kivi's Seitsemän veljestä as "the book that shaped a Nordic identity."
Nurmijärvi is a municipality in Finland, located in the southern interior of the country. Nurmijärvi is situated in the Uusimaa region. The population of Nurmijärvi is approximately 45,000. It is the 26th most populous municipality in Finland and the most populous municipality without city status. Nurmijärvi is part of the Helsinki metropolitan area, which has approximately 1.58 million inhabitants.
Siuntio is a municipality in the Uusimaa region of Southern Finland. Its neighboring municipalities are Ingå to the west, Kirkkonummi, to the east, Lohja to the north-west, and Vihti to the north. It is 46 kilometres (29 mi) west of Helsinki.
Kaarlo Bergbom was a Finnish theatre director. He was also the founder of the Finnish National Theatre, the first Finnish language theatre company. He was joint director of the Finnish National Theatre with his sister Emilie Bergbom from its foundation in 1872 until her death in 1905.
The National Romantic style was a Nordic architectural style that was part of the National Romantic movement during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is often considered to be a form of Art Nouveau.
Hedvig Charlotta Raa-Winterhjelm, née Forssman, was a Swedish actress active in Sweden, Norway and Finland. She played a pioneer role in Finland by introducing Finnish as a stage language, becoming the first actor in Finland to speak her lines in the Finnish tongue.
Ossian Wuorenheimo was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Senate of Finland.
Emilie Sofia Bergbom (1834−1905) was a Finnish theater director. She was a supporter of the Fennoman movement.
Eero Abraham Kilpi was a Finnish stage, film and radio actor whose career spanned nearly fifty years.
The Helsinki City Theatre is a theatre located in Helsinki, Finland. Owned by the Helsinki Theatre Foundation, it calls itself a "modern popular bilingual repertoire theatre."
August Westermark (1834–1894) was a Finnish-Swedish stage actor and theatre director. He played an important role in the development of the Finnish language theater in Finland.
The Aleksis Kivi Memorial is a statue dedicated to the Finnish author Aleksis Kivi (1834–1872), designed and sculpted by Wäinö Aaltonen.
Palojoki is a village of about a thousand inhabitants in Nurmijärvi, Finland. It is located close to the border of Tuusula, about 30 kilometers north of Helsinki, and the regional road 139 runs from the Nurmijärvi's church village to Hyrylä, Tuusula. Klaukkala is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Palojoki. The village has a primary school called Palojoki School.
Pohjoisranta, meaning "northern shore", is the eastern shore of the district of Kruununhaka in Helsinki, Finland and a street running along it.
The Life of Aleksis Kivi is a 2002 Finnish biographical drama film directed by Jari Halonen, telling the story of Aleksis Kivi (1834–1872), the national writer of Finland.
Suomalainen Ooppera, was an opera active in Helsinki i Finland between 1873 and 1879. It was a pioneer institution as the first Finnish language opera and as such plays an important role in Finnish cultural history.
Betty Gustafva Lovisa Elfving pen name Aura, was a Finnish writer. She is known for her Historical fictions, which once gained popularity especially among young people.
Beat-Sofi Granqvist was a Finnish actress and florist.