A triband flag with the colors (from top to bottom) red, blue, and red, with the blue band frimbrated in white, with a golden hammer and sickle in the upper canton
The flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 29 August 1952. The red represents the "revolutionary struggle of the working masses", the hammer and sickle represents the peasants' and workers' union, and the red star is the symbol of the communist party. There is no official explanation for the symbolic meanings of other elements. However, in some material the white stripes represent cotton, the blue band represents Amu Darya and irrigation in general.[2]
Before that, from 9 January 1926, the flag was about the same, but with the country's name in Uzbek, Russian and Tajik.
The first flag was hoisted on 22 July 1925 and was red, with the country's name in Arabic and the Cyrillic characters УзССР in the top-left corner in gold. Between 1931 and 1937, the flag was very similar, but with the Uzbek abbreviation OzSSC, and its Russian equivalent: УзССР.
Between 14 February 1937 and the adoption of the flag in the 1940s, the flag was the same, but with the Uzbek country's name in Latin characters: "OZBEKISTAN SSR." In 1940, the flag was red with the country's name in both Uzbek (Ўзбекистон ССР, Oʻzbekiston SSR) and Russian (Узбекская ССР, Uzbekskaya SSR) languages in gold in the top-left corner.
The last Uzbek SSR flag was adopted on 29 August 1952. Although the flag is visually identical to the Soviet flag, the red panel has a light blue (azure) down the middle of the whole flag length. At the edges of the light blue stripes are narrow white. The blue stripe with white edges is 1/5 (one-fifth) of the flag width. The specification amendments were accepted on 27 September 1974 and 30 June 1981.[3]
On July 22, 1925, the Central Executive Committee (CEC) of the Soviets of the Uzbek SSR adopted Resolution No. 67 "On the Emblem and Flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic". The resolution approved the first flag of the Uzbek SSR with the following description:
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which, near the tree above, are placed the golden letters:
above (in Uzbek) – .ئوز.ئـ.شـ.جـ
below (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
—On the Emblem and Flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (1925), Article 2
The 2nd All-Uzbek Congress of Soviets on March 31, 1927, adopted the Constitution of the Uzbek SSR, which was published on July 11, 1927.[4] The flag is described in chapter 113:
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which the golden letters are placed at the top:
above (in Uzbek) – .ئوز.ئـ.شـ.جـ
below (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
The ratio of flag width to length is 1:2.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1927), Article 113[5]
Second version of the flag (1927 – 9 May 1929)
First revision
In 1927, the 4th session of the CEC of the Soviets of the Uzbek SSR amended Article 113 of the Constitution of the Uzbek SSR. The name of republic was depicted in Uzbek and Tajik language.
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which the golden letters are placed at the top:
above (in Uzbek) – .ئوز.ئـ.شـ.جـ
middle (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
below (in Tajik) – .جـ.شـ.ا.اوز
The ratio of flag width to length is 1:2.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1927), Article 113
Second revision
Third version of the flag (9 May 1929 – 28 February 1931)
On May 9, 1929, the 3rd All-Uzbek Congress of Soviets approved the changes made by the 4th session of the CEC in 1927. The inscription of the name of the republic in Tajik and Uzbek were depicted in Latin alphabet.
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which the golden letters are placed at the top:
above (in Uzbek) – ӨZ.Ь.Ş.Ç
middle (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
below (in Tajik) – Ç.Ş.Ь.ӨZ
The ratio of flag width to length is 1:2.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1927, amended 1929), Article 113[6]
Third revision
Fourth version of the flag (28 February 1931 – 1934)
On 5 December 1929, the Tajik ASSR was transformed into the Tajik SSR and removed from the Uzbek SSR. In accordance with this, references to the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were excluded from the Constitution of the Uzbek SSR, including the inscription in the Tajik language in the description of the flag of the Uzbek SSR.
The new version of the Constitution of the Uzbek SSR was adopted on February 28, 1931, at the 4th All-Uzbek Congress of Soviets in the city of Tashkent.[7] The new version of the flag was described in the Article 103 of the Constitution.
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which the golden letters are placed at the top:
above (in Uzbek) – ӨZ.Ь.Ş.Ç
below (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
The ratio of flag width to length is 1:2.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1931), Article 103[8]
Fourth revision
Fifth version of the flag (1934 – 1935)
From 1934, the spelling of the initial letters in the name of the republic in the Uzbek language and in the translation of the word "socialist" has changed. The change resulted in the initial name of the republic "Өzвekistan Ьҫtьmaьь Şoralar Ҫymhyrijәti (ӨZ.Ь.Ş.Ç)" to "Ozвekistan Sotsialistik Sovet Ҫumhurijәti (OZ.S.S.Ҫ)".
Fifth revision
Sixth version of the flag (1935 – 14 February 1937)
From 1935, the translation of the word "republic" into the Uzbek language has changed. This change resulted in the change of the name of the republic: from "Ozвekistan Sotsialistik Sovet Ҫumhurijәti (OZ.S.S.Ҫ)" to "Ozвekistan Sotsialistik Sovet Respublikasi (OZ.S.S.R)"
Seventh version of the flag (14 February 1937 – 23 July 1938)
Second version
On February 14, 1937, the Extraordinary 6th All-Uzbek Congress of Soviets approved the new Constitution of the Uzbek SSR. The flag was described in Article 144 of the Constitution:
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a panel of red (scarlet) color, in the left corner of which the golden letters are placed at the top:
above (in Uzbek) – Ozʙekistan SSR
below (in Russian) – Уз.С.С.Р
The ratio of flag width to length is 1:2.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1937), Article 144[9]
Eighth version of the flag (23 July 1938 – 16 January 1941)
First revision
On 23 July 1938, the constitution of the Uzbek SSR was amended. The name of the country in Uzbek "Ozʙekistan SSR" was changed into "Ozʙekstan SSR".[10]
Ninth version of the flag (16 January 1941 – 29 August 1952)
On January 16, 1941, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR, the text of the inscription on the state flag of the Uzbek SSR was translated into Russian alphabet.[12]
Third version
Tenth version of the flag (24 August 1952 – 18 November 1991)
On August 29, 1952, a new flag design, designed by the Uzbek artist Anatoly Kuzmich Osheyko was approved, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR.[13]
To approve the state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic from a red cloth with a blue stripe in the middle of the entire length of the flag. Narrow white borders go along the edges of the blue stripe. The blue stripe along with the white edging is one-fifth of the flag's width. the shaft, the golden sickle and the hammer are depicted, and above them is a red five-pointed star, framed by a gold border. The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 1:2".
—Decree "On the State Flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic" (1952)[14]
By the Law of the Uzbek SSR of May 30, 1953, this decree was approved. The flag description in Article 144 of the Constitution of the Uzbek SSR was amended to include the design of the new flag.
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic consists of a red cloth with a blue stripe in the middle of the entire length of the flag. Along the edges of the blue strip are narrow white rims. The blue bar with white rims is one-fifth the width of the flag. On the upper red part of the flag panel, at the flagpole, there is a golden hammer & sickle, and above them is a red five-pointed star framed by a gold border.
—Constitution of the Uzbek SSR (1937, amended 1953), Article 144[15]
On October 31, 1955, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR "On the Procedure for Raising the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR" was adopted. By the Decree of the PVS of the Uzbek SSR of November 30, 1966, the Decree was amended.
Construction sheet based on the Regulations on the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR.
On September 27, 1974, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR approved the Regulations on the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR, which, in clarifying and supplementing the description of the flag in the Constitution, established:
The state flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic is a red rectangular panel with a blue stripe in the middle of the entire length of the flag. Along the edges of the blue stripe are narrow white rims with a size of 1⁄100 of the flag's width. The blue stripe with white rim is 1⁄5 of the width of the flag.
On the upper red part of the flag panel, at the flagpole, there is a golden sickle and hammer and a red five-pointed star framed by a gold border. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length – 1:2.
The hammer and sickle fit into a square whose side is 1⁄5 of the flag's width. The sharp end of the sickle falls in the middle of the upper side of the square, the sickle and hammer handle rest on the lower corners of the square. The length of the hammer with a handle is 3⁄4 diagonal square. The five-pointed star fits into a circle with a diameter of 1⁄10 of the flag's width, touching the middle of the upper side of the square. The distance of the vertical axis of the star, sickle and hammer from the pocket for the shaft is 1⁄3 of the width of the flag. The distance from the top edge of the flag to the center of the star is 1⁄10 of the width of the flag.
—Regulations on the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR (1974)[16]
By the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Uzbek SSR of October 14, 1974, the instruction on the application of the Regulations on the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR was introduced.
The amendment to the decree "On the State Flag of the Uzbek SSR" was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR dated June/July 30, 1981. According to the amended decree, the reverse side of the flag was still the same, but without any hammer and sickle.
Symbolism
There was no official explanation of the symbolism of the flag. In various publications, white stripes represents the cotton-growing fields, and the blue bar represents the Amudarya river and irrigation in Uzbekistan. Another source describes the blue bar as the symbol of Pan-Turkism, as seen in the flag of the Turkic Council, although Uzbekistan was against Pan-Turkism in the USSR.[17]
Fourth version
Eleventh version of the flag, later becoming the flag of the independent Republic of Uzbekistan (18 November 1991 – present)
A search for a national flag began soon after, with a contest being held to determine the new design. More than 200 submissions were made, and a commission was formed in order to evaluate these suggestions coming from a variety of stakeholders. The winning design was adopted on 18 November 1991, after being selected at an extraordinary session of the Uzbek Supreme Soviet. In doing so, Uzbekistan became the first of the newly independent republics in Central Asia to choose a new flag. Pertaining to its tricolour combination of horizontal stripes of blue, white and green colour, it is similar to the flags of Lesotho, an enclaved country within the border of South Africa, and Puntland, a Somali federal state at the tip of the Horn.
The State Flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, also simply known as the Soviet flag or the Red Banner, was a red flag with two communist symbols displayed in the canton: a gold hammer and sickle topped off by a red five-point star bordered in gold. The flag's design and symbolism are derived from several sources, but emerged during the Russian Revolution. It has also come to serve as the standard symbol representing communism as a whole, recognized as such in international circles, even after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
The national flag of Turkmenistan features a white crescent and five stars representing the five regions of the country and the Five Pillars of Islam. Placed upon a green field is a symbolic representation of the country's famous carpet industry. It was introduced as the flag of Turkmenistan on 27 September 1992 to replace the Soviet-era flag which consisted of a red background with two light blue bars in the middle. The modified version with a 2:3 ratio was adopted on 23 January 2001. State Flag and Constitution Day is celebrated on 18 May.
The flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was a plain red flag with a golden hammer and sickle and a gold-bordered red star in its upper canton and an horizontal dark blue band on the bottom fourth, representing the Caspian Sea.
The flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted by the Kazakh government on 24 January 1953. The flag resembles the flag of the Soviet Union in defaced form with a 2/9 horizontal blue (azure) bar in the lower part of the flag and the hammer and sickle in the near centre.
The flag of the Kirghiz SSR was adopted by the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kirghiz SSR decreed by its Decree on 22 December 1952. The 1978 constitution of the Kirghiz SSR states that the ratio of the flag is 1:2 with the blue/white/blue stripes in the middle taking 1⁄3 of the flag height and the white stripes 1⁄20 of flag height. The red, blue and white colors were derived from the Pan-Slavic colours.
The flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was the red Soviet flag with white and green stripes below the gold hammer and sickle, with the measures: 1/2 red, 1/5 white, 1/10 green, 1/5 red. The flag sported the Pan-Iranian colors of red, white and green, as a nod to the republic's Persian-descended culture. The flag was adopted on March 20, 1953 by decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR:
The national flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic is a panel consisting of four horizontal colored stripes: the upper band of red which is half the width of the flag; white stripe, making one fifth of the width of the flag; green stripes, is one-tenth the width of the flag, and the lower band of red color, is one-fifth the width of the flag. On top of the red band at the flagpole located gold hammer and sickle and above them is a five-pointed red star framed by a gold border. The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 1: 2.The fitting of the hammer and sickle into a square whose side wound 1/4 width of the flag. The sharp end of the sickle falls in the middle of the upper side of the square, handles the sickle and hammer rest on the bottom corners of the square. hammer with a handle length is 3/4 of the diagonal of a square. The five-pointed star in a circle fits 1/8 width of the flag relating to the upper side of the square. Distance vertical axis of the star, the hammer and sickle from the grapnel is equal to 1/4 of the flag's width. The distance from the top edge of the flag of the flag to the center of the star - 1/10 of the flag's width.
The State Flag of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 1 August 1953 and was replaced with the current flag of Turkmenistan in 1992. Although similar to the Flag of the Soviet Union, the layout is identical to the flag of the Kirghiz SSR with a ratio of 1:2. The two blue stripes between the red represents the rivers Amu Darya and Syr Darya, the red represents the "revolutionary struggle of the working masses", the hammer and sickle represents the peasants' and workers' union, and the red star is the symbol of the ruling Communist Party.
The State Emblem of Uzbekistan was formally adopted on 2 July 1992 by the Government of Uzbekistan. It bears many similarities to the emblem of the former Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, which the Republic of Uzbekistan succeeded. Like many other post-Soviet republics whose symbols do not predate the October Revolution, the current emblem retains some components of the Soviet one. Prior to 1992, Uzbekistan had an emblem similar to all other Soviet Republics, with standard communist emblems and insignia.
The flag of Udmurtia is one of the official state symbols of the Udmurt Republic, along with its emblem and anthem. The proportion of width and length of the flag is 1:2. It is a rectangular three-color cloth consisting of vertical equal stripes of black, white and red with an eight-pointed red cross. The black colour in the flag is a symbol of the earth and stability, red means the sun and life and white means a space and moral purity. The designer of the flag of the Udmurt Republic was Yuri Lobanov. The appropriate law N26-РЗ "On the National Flag of the Udmurt Republic" appeared on 30 April 2002.
The state flag of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in Russia is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, alongside the coat of arms and the national anthem of the Sakha Republic. The flag has four horizontal stripes. From top to bottom, the stripes are light blue, white (1/16), red (1/16), and green (1/8). The flag has been used officially as the flag of the Sakha Republic since 14 October 1992. The light blue stripe is charged with a white disc in the center. The diameter of the disc is 2/5 of the flag's width.
The Emblem of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 14 February 1937 by the government of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic. The emblem is based on the emblem of the Soviet Union. It shows symbols of agriculture and heavy industry (hammer). The rising sun over a map of the Soviet Central Asia symbolizes the future of this region, while the five pointed red star stands for the "socialist revolution on all five continents".
The Emblem of Karakalpakstan is one of the official symbols of Karakalpakstan, an autonomous republic within Uzbekistan. It was approved on April 9, 1993. The coat of arms was developed from a sketch by Karakalpak artist Jollybai Izentaev based on the emblem of Uzbekistan.
The flag of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1957 by the government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is nearly identical to the flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic. The former Karakalpak ASSR had its own flag from 1934 to its dissolution in 1992, which developed similarly to that of the Uzbek SSR. Basic design of the flag was always a red cloth with inscription.
Central Executive Committee of the Uzbek SSR (1929), Собрание узаконений и распоряжений рабоче-дехканского правительства Узбекской ССР за 1929 год[Collection of Legalizations and Decrees of the Workers' and Dehkan Government of the Uzbek SSR for 1929] (in Russian), Tashkent{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Sokolov, Vladislav Aleksandrovich (2002), Вексиллологический справочник по флагам Российской Империй и СССР[Vexillological guide on flags of Russian Empire and USSR] (in Russian), vol.2, Moscow: Moscow State Industrial University, p.626
Ibragimov, S.I. (1972), Узбекский алфавит и вопросы его совершенствования[Uzbek alphabet and its improvement issues] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka
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